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5A - Recommendation to City Council concerning the Wastewater Utility Master Plan & Approval of Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) Wastewater Utility Master Plan Summary CITY OF BOULDER PLANNING BOARD AGENDA ITEM MEE'T'ING DATE: December 17, 2009 AGENDA TITLE: Public Hearing and consideration of: 1. A recommendation to City Council concerning the Wastewater Utility Master Plan and; 2. Approval of the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) Wastewater Utility Master Plan Summary. REQUESTING DEPARTMENTS: Community Planning and Sustainability David Driskell, Executive Director Susan Richstone, Comprehensive Planning Manager Chris Meschuk, Planner Public Works Utilities Division Ned Williams, Director Bob IIarberg, Utilities Planning and Project Management Coordinator Douglas Sullivan, Utilities Project Manager OBJECTIVE.: 1. Hear staff presentation 2. Hold public hearing 3. Planning Board discussion and Recommendation to City Council EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The purpose of this meeting is to review the Wastewater Utility Master Plan (W W UMP), provide a recommendation to City Council prior to acceptance of the plan and consider approval the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) Wastewater Utility Master Plan Summary. The WWUMP is a comprehensive analysis of the city's wastewater collection and treatment system, and associated water quality programs and facilities. It is intended to guide future wastewater utility decisions. The W WUMP serves as the overarching planning document for the wastewater utility, and is supported by three primary planning documents: The Wastewater Collection System Master Plan, Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan, and the Water Quality Strategic Plan. The WWUMP provides updated information on the wastewater utility system, AGENDA I` EM # 5A Page I analysis of alternatives, and a recommended improvements plan including costs and pro}ect prioritization. The document summarizes the three primary planning documents, to provide a clear overall understanding of the wastewater utility and future plans and programs. Each of the individual planning documents has additional detail and analysis to be used in the ongoing decision making of the utility. The W WUMP identifies a recommended Capital Improvements Program (CIP) project list for wastewater utility improvements for the next twenty years. These projects are divided into wastewater treatment plant improvements, and wastewater collection system improvements. The treatment plant improvements are prioritized to address new Federal and State effluent discharge permit requirements, and also to replace aging infrastructure. The wastewater collection system improvements are organized into three categories (Priority 1, Priority 2, and Priority 3) to address hydraulic capacity and rehabilitation and replacement issues. The wastewater utility fund does not have adequate funding to construct all the improvements identified in the recommended projects list, but the improvements are coded according to the city's business plan model of fiscally constrained plan, action plan, and vision plan. While funding priorities are identified in the plan, changes and opportunities arise over time which influences the priority ofprojects. Therefore, the list of identified projects is reviewed annually as part of the city's budget process related to priorities and availability of funding. Under the fiscally constrained investment strategy, it is assumed a 3% annual rate increase (2% in 2010) is needed to just keep up with the annual rate of inflation. The Action flan investment strategy, which is recommended in the master plan, assumes a stepped rate increase from 2% in 2010 to 6% in 2014 and 2015, before leveling out at a 4% annual increase in 2016-2030. One two-year period of 9% annual increases is identified to fund the nutrient removal project. The Vision Plan investment strategy assumes an annual rate increase of 4% from 2010-2030 with three two-year periods of 8% annual increases. KEY ISSUES: The Planning Board's role in reviewing master plans is to look for consistency with the BVCP goals and policies before the plans are accepted by the City Council. Because of its role in reviewing the Capital Improvements Program (CIP), the Planning Board also reviews master plans to ensure that they identify needed improvements and financial strategies to meet adopted service standards. Master plans provide a bridge between the Comprehensive Plan, service delivery, future capital needs, and the CTP. The questions that are the focus of the Board's review are: 1. Is the master plan consistent with the goals, policies, and growth projections of the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan? 2. Does the Master Plan outline the BVCP Service Standards and a plan to meet them into the future? 3. Does the plan describe and assess capital needs and a funding plan for them? STAFF RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends that the Planning Board: 1. Recommend to City Council acceptance of the Wastewater Utility Master Plan and 2. Approve the revisions to the BVCP Wastewater Utility Master Plan Summary. AGENDA ITEM # 5A Page 2 After the Planning Board's review of the Wastewater Utility Master Plan, the document will be forwarded to City Council for acceptance. The Planning Board's recommendations will be included in the staff memorandum. The City Council will consider acceptance of the plan and approval of the BVCP Master Plan Summary in early 2010. Revisions to the BVCP Master Plan and Program Summaries are included in the BVCP following acceptance of plans by City Council. Attachment A contains the Wastewater Utility Master Plan. Attachment B contains revisions to the BVCP Wastewater Utility Master Plan Summary. BACKGROUND AND WASTEWATER UTILITY MASTER PLAN OVERVIEW Boulder's wastewater collection system and the 75`x' Street WWTP serve residences and businesses within the 26 square-mile Wastewater Utility Service Area (WUSA). Areas outside the WUSA boundary are served by other utility districts or septic systems. Boulder's wastewater collection system currently serves a population of approximately 110,000 people and 101,000 employees associated with commercial and industrial business. Projected growth is anticipated to occur primarily through infill and redevelopment projects resulting in an estimated 128,000 people and 156,000 employees within the WUSA through 2035. The city's wastewater collection system consists of approximately 362 miles of sanitary sewer pipe ranging in size between 4-inch and 60-inch diameter sewers. The system flows by gravity with the exception of one sewage lift station, and associated force main. The Diagonal Highway Lift Station is located at 5600 Diagonal Highway. The force main associated with the pump station is 12-inches in diameter and approximately 800 feet in length. All sanitary sewer flow is conveyed to the city's 15`f' Street WWTP located at 4049 N 75th Street. The 75'x' Street WWTP has a rated capacity of 25 million gallons per day (mgd). The WWTP serves City of Boulder residences, commercial business, and light industry located within the city limits. The WWTP has been in operation at its current location since 1968, and has undergone numerous modifications since that time. The most recent WWTP modification occurred in 2006/2008 when city staff completed two significant process upgrades at the WWTP. The Liquid Stream Upgrades project was completed to enable the plant to meet more stringent effluent discharge regulations required by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE). This project represented a transition in the biological treatment process from a Trickling Filter/Solids Contact (TF/SC) process to the Activated Sludge (AS) process. The project also increased the plant's hydraulic capacity from 20.5 mgd to 25 mgd. The Solids Processing improvements were completed to provide a more efficient and sustainable solids management program. The Wastewater Utility Master Plan was developed to serve as an overarching document for the entire Wastewater Utility. The W WUMP addresses the WWTP and collection system C1P projects, as well as Operation and Maintenance programs, and the water- Quality and Environmental Services program. Utilities staff has previously completed individual master plans for each of the Utility's major components. The WWTP Master Plan was completed in 2007. The Wastewater Collection System Master Plan was completed in 2008 as part of the WWUMP. The Water Quality Strategic Plan was completed in 2009. AGENDA ITEM # 5A Page 3 The utility has developed a series of tools and processes that evaluate expenditures, revenue, and planned capital projects. These are all evaluated using the city's Business Plan approach and by outlining an anticipated 20-year capital improvements program. The existing and projected flows through the wastewater system have been modeled based on the projected development within the Boulder valley service area. Based on these projections, the wastewater utility has anticipated that the facilities will be adequate for the projected increase on the system. The wastewater collection system and the WWTP have adequate capacity to meet the City's projected growth and associated development for the projected buildout period. The 20-year Wastewater Utility CIl' has identified a number of collection system and WWTP improvements to meet the City's goals. The collection system improvements are primarily focused on rehabilitation of existing infrastructure, as the collection system has a very good ability to convey the projected wastewater flows to the WWTP. The WWTP improvements are focused on two areas: the replacement of existing aging infrastructure, and potentially pen-nit driven projects to meet more stringent effluent discharge regulations. The WWTP is well positioned to handle the City's flows consistent with the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan growth projections. 2. Does the master plan outline BVC'P Service Standards and a plan to meet them into the future? Policies 3.01 (Provision of Urban Services in the Boulder Valley), 3.02 (Definition of Adequate Urban Facilities and Services), 3.03 (Phased Extension of Urban Service / Capital Improvements Program) and the defined Urban Service Criteria and Standards describe the service standards, service delivery expectations and the capital planning process. The BVCP outlines service standards for public wastewater. The wastewater system currently meets the service criteria and standards as outlined in the BVCP. The plan addresses the capital projects required to maintain and improve the wastewater system into the future through the city's Capital bnprovements Program. Standards related to personnel, training, and operation of the water facilities are addressed in detail in the three primary planning documents that cover the collection system, wastewater treatment plant, and water quality. Boulder's future wastewater demands were estimated based on per capita usage for the revised population and employment projections as part of the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan. Modeling done at that time shows that the city's present system would provide sufficient conveyance and treatment to the BVCP planning area through projected buildout. The current collection system and treatment plant receive an average annual flow of approximately 14 million gallons per day. Areas of improvement may be needed based on various factors or permitting changes, which are anticipated in the 20-year CIP. The current treatment plant capacity is 25.0 million gallons per day on a maximum month basis, which provides adequate capacity to meet growth past the planning period. 3. Does the plan/update describe and assess capital needs and a ;funding plan for them? The W WUMP identifies a 20-year CIP of approximately $220 million in potential wastewater and water quality related projects. The wastewater system is operated as an enterprise fund in accordance with the Colorado State Constitution and City Charter. The funding sources of the AGENDA ITEM # SA Page 6 wastewater utility fund primarily come from user fees, with the remaining income from development fees and interest on fund balances. As part of the development of the W WU MP, the Utilities Division developed a 20-year CIP, rather than the traditional 6-year CIP. The 20-year CIP assists in ensuring that expansion and rehabilitation of the system as remaining growth and annexations occur can be provided while still meeting the reliability criteria and service standards established by the city. A detailed analysis and condition assessment of the wastewater facilities is contained in the respective planning documents for the collection system and treatment plant. A summary of major projects is described in the Key Issues section, and Investment Program sections of the WWIJMI". The projects are organized by Tiers 1, 2, or 3. The projects are also tied to the city's business plan funding model. The recommended improvements in each area are outlined the funding plan based on priorities, funding levels, and increases in user fees. The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) includes a comprehensive list of Wastewater Utility projects to be completed during the 20-year planning period. These include wastewater treatment plant capital and maintenance related projects, as well as wastewater collection system capital and maintenance related projects. The 2010-2030 Wastewater Utility Fund CIP has numerous line items identifying various projects for the WhVTP and the sanitary sewer collection system. The significant CIP expenditures fall into the following three categories: • WWTP Capital Projects • WWTP Rehabilitation Projects • WWCS Rehabilitation Projects Utilities staff recently completed a WWTP Evaluation. The evaluation recommended improvements to the following three key plant process areas: disinfection system, anaerobic digesters, and the headworks facility. Utilities staff has hired an engineering consulting firm to design the improvements identified in the evaluation. The design will occur in 2010, with a projected construction bid to follow in late 2010 or early 2011. The design will include anew ultraviolet (UV) disinfection system to replace the plant's aging gas chlorination system. Additionally, the design will involve the replacement of the digester mixing system, and various process and equipment improvements to the headworks facility to address reliability and redundancy issues. Utilities staff has identified approximately $8,400,000 in the 2010 CIP to fund these improvements. The headworks facility upgrades are merely an interim measure to address reliability concerns until a full replacement of the headworks facility can be completed. The replacement of the headworks facility is the next major CIP project, and is identified in the 2016 CIP at approximately $15,000,000. Further out in the 20-year CIP are two projects identified to address more stringent effluent discharge regulations. The first is the Liquid Stream Upgrades Phase 2 project, identified in the 2020 CIP, which will address greater nutrient removal, specifically more stringent nitrogen parameters. The second project, identified in the 2030 CIP, will address potential regulations associated with endocrine disrupting compounds (F,DC's). The need for these projects will be assessed in greater detail based on the revised CDPHE discharge permit on a five-year cycle. AGENDA ITEM # 5A Page 7 In addition to the WWTP capital projects listed above, there are numerous WWTP rehabilitation projects identified in the CIP to address the plant's aging infi-astructure. These projects are listed in the CIP in years 2016 through 2030, and have a combined cost (in 2008 dollars) of $4,500,000. Utilities staff is in the process of reviewing the WWTP rehabilitation analysis and associated project recommendations. There are numerous wastewater collection system improvement projects currently identified in the 20-yr CIP. These projects were identified in the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan which was accepted by the WRAB in December 2008. The CIP currently lists four (4) Tier 1 projects (highest priority) and seven (7) Tier 2 projects (second highest priority). The total cost (in 2008 dollars) for these eleven projects is estimated at $28,000,000. The Tier 1 and Tier 2 project groups are listed below with their estimated cost and projected timing: • Tier I Projects - $5,000,000 2016 through 2021 • Tier 2 Projects - $23,000,000 - 2021 through 2030 The Action Program strategy is critical to funding the various CIP and rehabilitation projects listed above: The Wastewater Utility has a tremendous investinent is facility infrastructure to convey and treat the city's waste streams. A combination of pen-nit driven projects and rehabilitation and replacement projects are necessary to maintain the level of service currently provided to the corrimunity. CONCLUSION: In answering the questions before the Planning Board, staff believes that: I . The Wastewater Utility Master Plan is consistent with the goals, policies and growth projections of the BVCP. 2. The Wastewater Utility Master Plan outlines the BVCP service standards, and identifies the needs to ensure adequate compliance into the future. 3. The Wastewater Utility Master Plan identifies potential capital projects and anticipated costs. Although current funding levels for all improvements are inadequate to address all these needs, this plan will be used to assist in prioritization of funding in the Wastewater Utility Enterprise Fund. Approved By: ~ m I)avi Driskell Executive Director of Community Planning and Sustainability ATTACHMENTS: A. Wastewater Utility Master Plan B. Revisions to the BVCP Master Plan Summary C. Summary Minutes from the May 2009 Water Resources Advisory Board Meetings. D. Applicable BVCP Policies AGENDA ITEM # 5A Page 8 A`tachnlcnt A 1 Boulder W.- a....stewater Util t 17 I R STE ~P,;,,L 1 low. A;, k i 1 -S~lrr . 1~ • .u 1o- t .~Cm,.~Ir - ~:1't Jlf► T I w IM 'pT f 1 - %ow■r" "00&, 1 1 ' ,~'rti .t l t. .7. T lie! ri,y W_ "A I PAPJIII~ Wastewater Utility Master Plan L~j W Table of Contents Executive Summaty i Introduction i Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan ii WWTP Evaluation .................................................................................................................................................................................. .................ii Future WWTP Modifications ........................................................................................................................................................................ ........iii Wastewater Collection System Master Plan iu Collection System lknalysis ...................................................................................................................................................................... ..............iii Recommended Collection System Improvements ............................................................................................................................................iv Collection System Operations and Maintenance ..............................................................................................................................................iv Collection System Rehabilitation Budgeting ..........................................................................................v Water Quality Strategic Plan V WASP Recommendations ............................................................................................................................................................................. ........vi Industrial Pretreatment Program .................................................................................................................................................................. ........vi Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program .....................................................................................................................................vii Wastewater Utility CIP viii WWTP Capital Projects WWTP Rehabilitation Projects WWCS Rehabilitation Projects ..................................................................................................................................................................... ........ix WASP Funding is Investment Program Options X Fiscally Constrained Plan ........................................................................................................................................................................ ................x Action Plan 3ci Vision Plan ...................................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................xi Introduction and Background 1 Wastewater Utility Planning Process and Goals 2 Water Quality Strategic Plan Goals ............................................................................................................................................................... ........3 Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan Goals ................................................................................................................................................3 Wastewater Collection System Master Plan Goals .............................................................................................................................................4 Current Environment 5 Wastewater Treatment PJant Facility .......................................5 Wastewater Collection System ..................................................................................................................................................................... ..........7 Water Quality and Environmental Services .........................................................................................................................................................8 Key Policies and Issues .............................................................................................................................13 Guiding Principles and Policies .....................................................................................................................................13 Principle #1 - Protect Public I Iealth and Safety ..............................................................................................................................................14 Principle #2 - Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment ...............................................................................................16 Principle 43 Maximizc the use of the Utility's Funds ..................................................................................................................................18 BVCP Urban Service Criteria and Standards ....................................................................................................................................................18 Wastewater Utility Key Issues 19 Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan ..........................................................................................................................................................19 Wastewater Collection System Master Plan .......................................................................................................................................................27 Water Quality Strategic Pian ...................................................................................................................................................................... ...........34 Investment Program 43 Investment Strategy .........................................................................................................................................................43 Wastewater Utility CIP 43 WWTP Capital Projects ............................................................................................................................................................................. ...........43 WWTP Rehabilitation Projects ...................................................................................................................................................................... ......44 WWCS Rehabilitation Projects ...................................................................................................................................................................... .....44 W SP Funding ..............................................................................................44 Investment Program Options 45 Fiscally Constrained Plan ......................................................................................................................................................................... .............45 October 2009 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ~jj " Action Plan ...................................................................................................................................................................................... ........................46 Vision Plan ...................................................................................................................................................................................... .........................46 Levels of Service 47 Investment Program Recommendations 47 OcCober 2009 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Acknowledgements We would like to acknkowledge the particpation of the following individuals. Their insights, information and discussions have contributed to the accuracy and completeness of the Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP). City of Boulder / Director of Public Works for Utilities - Ned Williams / Utilities Planning and Project Management Coordinator Robert Harberg / Transportation and Utilities Maintenance Coordinator - Felix Gallo ► Water Quality and Environmental Services Coordinator - Bret Linenfelser / Wastewater Treatment Coordinator Chris Douville / Utilities Project Manager -Douglas Sullivan ► Utilities Project Manager - Randy Earley Engineering Review Manager - Jeff Arthur / Civil Engineer - Steve Buckbee ► Gravity Systems Maintenance Supervisor - Mike Emarine 1 Stormwater Quality Specialist - Donna Scott ► Industrial Pre-treatment Manager - Ridge Dorsey / Water Quality Laboratory - Ed Mead HDR Engineering ► Rich Thornton, PE -Project Manager / Jeff Blank, PE - GIS and Modeling Lead ► Bryon Wood, Er - Project Engineer/Modeling / Alex Palmetier - Operations and Maintenance Lead / David Spencer - Replacement and Rehabilitaion Lead / Jeroen Olthof, PE - Quality Control Reviewer Water Resources Advisory Board / Bart Miller / Robin Byers / Kelly DiNatale / William DeOreo / Susan Lott October ?OG9 ACIEVINI. Wastewater Utility Master Plan (page intentionally left blank, October 2009 Wastewater Utility Master Plan L'Y List of Acronyms ADWF Average Dry Weather Flow AWWA American Water Works Association BMP Best Management Practice BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand BVCP Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan CCTV Closed-Circuit'I'elevision CDPHE Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment C.DPS Colorado Discharge Permit System CPR Code of Federal Regulations CIP Capital Improvement Program COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DAFT Dissolved Air Flotation'I'l-ickening DCS Design and Construction Standards DTN4R-QA Discharge Monitoring Report-Quality Assurance DRCOG Denver Regional Council of Governments EDC Endocrine Disrupting Compounds FOG Fats, Oil and Grease ; TR Full `l'ime Equivalent GFAA Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption G1S Geographic Information System GRE Grease Removal Equipment IIVAC I leating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma ICP114S Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry IPT Industrial Pretreatment IT Information Technology L IMS Laboratory Information Management System L.WM Liquid Waste Management KAHL Maximum Allowable I-Ieadworks Loading mgd million gallons per day mg/l inilligrams per liter October 2009 L Wastewater Utility Master Plan L~i ;L MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System NP Nonylphenol O&M Operations and Maintenance P&DS Planning and Development Services POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Works PQL Practical Quantitation Limitation QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control SIU Significant Industrial User SSO Sanitary Sewer Overflow TAZ Traffic Analysis Zone TIN Total Inorganic Nitrogen TIN Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen UMMS Ihilities Maintenance and Management System USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency UV Ultra Violet WEF Water Environment Federation WEL Wastewater and Fnvironmental Laboratory WQF_S Water Quality and Environmental Services WQSP Water Quality Strategic Plan WRAB Water Resources Advisory Board WUSA Wastewater Utility Service Area WWCSMP Wastewater Collection System Master Plan WWTPMP Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan WWUMP Wastewater Utility Master Plan October 2009 :J Wastewater Utility Master Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) is the overarching planning document that is intended to present key issues, programs, projects and associated budgets for the collection system, wastewater treatment plant and water quality programs. The WWUMP is supported by three primary planning documents for the Wastewater Utility: the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan (WWCSMP), the Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan (WWTPMP), and the Water Quality Strategic Plan (WASP). Boulder's wastewater collection system and the 75`t' Street WWTP serve residences and businesses within the 26 sq. mile Wastewater Utility Service Area (WUSA). Areas outside the WUSA boundary are served by other utility districts or septic systems. Boulder's wastewater collection system currently serves a population of approximately 110,000 people and 101,000 employees associated with commercial and industrial business. Projected growth is anticipated to occur primarily through in-fill and redevelopment projects resulting in an estimated 128,000 people and 156,000 employees within the WUSA. Gvnbrrref A series of guiding principles were used to defusc the Faurmile planning process for the Utility. These guiding _ WWTP principles are based on Boulder's planning approach GabseCrrck j, 'i to community sustainability through evaluating social, environmental and economic impacts associated with various program and projects within l~ the city. Specifically, the three guiding principles for Barldcr Crnek , the. \X/NXT) NIIP are: J - 1 Protect Public Health and Safety - svurhRoulaerCteek Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment Boulder's Wastewater Utility Service Area 1 Maximize the use of the Wastewater_ Utility's Funds encompasses 26 sq. mi. and contains five interceptor sewer basins Oclubc' 2009 i Wastewater Utility Master Plan g,a-o~i" Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan The Wastewater Treatment Plan Master Plan (WWTPMP) documents past decisions, the current facility, and presents the approach that has been used to reach decisions on process selection and introduce some future decisions that will be facing the utility. To continue to provide the level of service required by federal regulations and match the expectations of the community presented in the BVCP Goals, ongoing improvements to the treatment facility are necessary. The WWTP was upgraded in 2008 to meet future wastewater treatment capacity demands and new ammonia--nitrogen limits that were incorporated in the CDPS permit. The upgrades included improvements to both the liquid stream treatment and solids dewatering processes (Phase 1). The current treatment capacity is 25.0 million gallons per day (mgd) on a maximum month basis and provides adequate capacity to meet population growth past 2025 (the current average annual flow rate is approximately 15 mgd). The Phase 1 improvements also kept the future total nitrogen discharge at or below the current level. The solids dewatering process improvements increased solids from the liquid stream treatment process and reduced the volume of dewatcred solids that must be transported from the WWTP site. Phase 1B construction, currently planned for 2010-2011, will include a UV disinfection system, solids stabilization (anaerobic digester) improvements, and possibly improvements to the headworks facility. Phase 2 construction, scheduled for 2020, includes expansion of the bioreactor with improvements to biologically remove nitrate and phosphorus. WWTP Evaluation Even though the City of Boulder recently completed $45 million in major improvements to the liquid and solids handling processes at the 75th Street Wastewater Treatment Plant, new discharge permit requirements are expected in 2010 and will require bringing the entire facility up to the same level of treatment capacity. As such, the City is currently in the process of evaluating the WWTP's treatment process capabilities - specifically focusing on the following three areas: / Evaluate the plant's anaerobic digestion process (capacity, mixing, heating, etc.) and recommend improvements to provide greater capacity and operational stability. / Evaluate UV disinfection alternatives to replace the existing gas chlorine and sulfur dioxide systems. / Evaluate the WWTP's ability to meet the City's upcoming CDPHE permit effluent. October 2009 ii Wastewater Utility Master Plan The WWII" Evaluation project was completed in October 2009. The evaluation included recommendations at various plant processes including the following: • A new UV (ultraviolet) Disinfection system to replace the gaseous chlorine and sulfur dioxide systems. • New digester mixing to replace the existing gas mixing system. • Headworks improvements including bar screen replacement, grit conveyance, and screenings and grit removal. The City is in the process of selecting an engineering consultant to provide the design services. The design is scheduled for 2010, with an anticipated construction bid in late 2010 or early 2011. The construction is estimated at $8,000,000 to $9,000,000. Future WWTP Modifications Discharge permit limits are revisited every five years, and it is anticipated that some level of TIN and phosphorus removal may be required by future discharge permits. Additionally, the Boulder WWTP may be required to remove microconstituents...Microconstituents include very small particles such as endocrine disrupting compounds and disinfection byproducts. Other future projects identified in the CIP include modifications to, or the replacement of the Ileadworks facility. Wastewater Collection System Master Plan The WWCSMP is a comprehensive planning document that assesses the conveyance capacity of Boulder's sanitary sewer system and identifies recommendations with associated capital cost estimates to resolve conveyance capacity deficiencies. Collection System Analysis The purposes of the conveyance system analysis were to 1) document the analysis of the existing collection system during dry weather and wet weather flows and 2) to identify and. characterize hydraulic capacity issues. By analyzing the existing collection system under existing and buildout flow conditions, problem areas were identified for both land use scenarios. The primary source of data that was used for the collection system hydraulic model and analysis was Boulder's sanitary sewer Geographic Information System (CIS) layers for manholes and sewer pipes. The collection system pipes with identified capacity limitations, established from October 2009 iii 4" 7 Wastewater Utility Master Plan 'rN the model results, were examined to identify lilzely hydraulic issues under the various flow scenarios. There are a total of 138 pipes in the analyzed collection system with hydraulic deficiencies identified. A detailed problem identification and characterization process was completed to better understand the nature and extent of these problems. The hydraulic problems were separated into two categories: Type A and Type B. Type A problems consisted of a series of under capacity pipes that were hydraulically connected to one another. Type B problems are isolated hydraulic restrictions that are not hydraulically connected to other problem locations or series of problem pipes. Recommended Collection System Improvements The recommended system improvements were developed to resolve the existing and future capacity issues are shown on the following figure. This figure includes both improvements that address Type A and Type B problems. The recommended improvements were grouped in three tiers to establish implementation priority: ► Tier 1 projects address TypeA problems and have the highest priority; / Tier 2 projects also address Type A problems but have lower priority compared to Tier 1; / Tier 3 projects address Type B problems which have the lowest priority. The improvement priorities were assigned based on a number of qualitative factors including the flow conditions in which they occur (existing versus future), extent of the problem, potential for sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and service lateral backups, ease of constructability, and relative benefit over other improvement projects. The resulting implementation priorities and associated estimates of capital construction cost are shown in the following table. Improvement Priority Capital Construction Cost Tier 1 $4,977,000 Tier II $22,664,000 Tier III $2,296,000 $29,937.000 Collection System Operations and Maintenance The WWCSMP project team reviewed the collection system operations and maintenance (O&M) procedures. The purpose of this O&M procedure was to review the current state of collection system O&M practices and evaluate potential increases in service levels due to trends October 2009 iv Wastewater Utility Master Plan Li LCI 4 in the regulatory environment in the western United States. In addition, the 2008 QualServe peer review program and self assessment survey evaluated the Utility's overall performance, efficiency and customer service as well as maintaining industry best management practices. Both the QualServ program and the WWCSMP O&M review found that the Gravity System's Maintenance group operates and maintains the collection system such that it continues to provide a high level of service to its existing customers. Collection System Rehabilitation Budgeting Boulder developed a methodology for determining the mileage and cost of the 20-year CIP for rehabilitating wastewater pipes and manholes. This methodology was based on spreadsheet model that characterized pipe failure as a function of time to assist in forecasting long-term budgetary needs for rehabilitation of sanitary sewer pipe. This analysis resulted in a recommendation for an annual manhole and sewer pipe rehabilitation budget of $850,000. This methodology was given an independent review which recommended that an annual sewer rehabilitation budget of $500,000 would be adequate for the 20-year planning period. Water Quality Strategic Plan The Water. Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP) has been developed, and will be implemented by the City's Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) Group within the city of Boulder Public Works, Utilities Division. The Industrial Pretreatment JPT) and Laboratory Services programs are included in this WQSP as they are directly related to the wastewater utility planning effort. The purpose of the WQSP is to develop clear and concise water quality goals, develop recommendations and performance measures to achieve these goals, and provide a process to address current and future water quality challenges. The WQES Group is funded through the city's Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater enterprise funds and supports the Utilities Division water services with seven programs. Water quality goals were developed using an inventory of existing water quality goal statements found in the City's master plans, policies, and regulations, starting with the BVCP. From this exercise, five goal statements were developed and include: / Provide safe and high quality drinking water. Manage pollutants from wastewater and other point-sources. October ?009 v Wastewater Utility Master Plan ► Manage pollutants from stormwater and other non-point sources. / Protect, preserve and restore natural water systems. / Conserve water resources. WQSP Recommendations The recommendations developed for the WQSP are based primarily on the objective of adopting citywide water quality goals, and integrating these goals into planning and policy instruments. In addition, the recommendations address strategies to meet an unprecedented number of new or proposed federal and state water quality regulations. The recommendations include: / Evaluate and update policies in the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan to incorporate water quality goals. WQES staff will review and recommend updates to the BVCP to ensure incorporation of water quality goals. The BVCP is scheduled to be updated in 2010. ► Perform analyses on City plans, policies and projects to identify gaps in meeting water quality goals. WQES staff will review relevant plans, policies, and projects, such as master plans, design and construction standards, and the Boulder Revised Code to: 1) ensure that the City complies with all state and federal laws and regulations on water quality and environmental protections; and, 2) meet water quality goals. / Develop annual work plans and water quality reports. Annual work plans and reports will be developed for each of the seven WQES Group programs. These programs include: Stormwater Quality, Water Quality Education, Water Conservation, Industrial Pretreatment, Drinking Water Quality, Water Quality Planning and Laboratory Services. Staff will use the work plans to direct program activities specific to the WQSP goals. ► Prepare for future water quality regulations. WQES staff will prepare for future water quality regulations, ensure regulatory compliance, and incorporate capital improvement requirements needed to meet regulations in the City's budget planning process. Industrial Pretreatment Program The City's IPT program is part of the Public Works, Utilities, Water WQES Group. The WQES Group serves as an in-house technical resource for Utilities and other City departments to help maintain compliance with various levels of regulations. The current, primary purpose of the city of Boulder 1P`I~ program is to control or limit the discharge of toxic or hazardous waste into the sanitary sewers and thus the City's 75th Strcct WWTP. The primary objectives of the IPT program are described as follows: / To prevent the introduction of pollutants into the city of Boulder wastewater collection and treatment system that could interfere with plant operation. October 2009 vi Wastewater Utility Master Plan / To prevent the pass-through of untreated pollutants into Boulder Creek. / To improve recycling capabilities of sludge. / To protect the general health and safety of wastewater treatment plant workers and downstream users. 1 To encourage pollution prevention as a feasible alternative to treatment and disposal. IPT Gaps, Deficiencies and Recommendations In addition to the ongoing responsibilities of the IPT Program, special studies and/or additional programs are necessary to further characterize industrial and commercial discharges to the city's sanitary sewer system sources, support compliance with WWTP discharge permit requirements and collect data and information in preparation for future regulatory requirements. The following programs or studies should be evaluated and modified or initiated as necessary. 1 Fats, Oil and Grease Program o Evaluate potential modifications to the existing FOG program and regulations. / Industrial Waste Survey o Consider initiating a comprehensive industrial waste surveys. / Business Inventory Mailing o Send out business questionnaires to determine if targeted businesses continue to be non-significant or move into a significant industrial user category. Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program The WEL Program currently provides broader support for the WWTP including biosolids analysis, field services including water quality monitoring and management of the laboratory information management system (LIMS) and database system. WEL program responsibilities will continue to expand as increasingly complex and interrelated water quality regulations develop. WEL Program Gaps, Deficiencies and Recommendations In addition to the ongoing responsibilities of the WEL Program, special studies and/or_ additional programs are necessary to further characterize WWTP performance, characterize water quality conditions in Boulder Creek and provide compliance support for State and Federal regulations. It is recommended that the following programs or studies should be evaluated and modified or initiated as necessary. / Evaluate Laboratory Size and Function o Perform Business Case evaluation on the, Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program / Staffing Analysis OcCcber ?oO~J vii Wastewater Utility Master Plan o Review staffing levels compared to other municipalities. Laboratory Maintenance o Ongoing funding for equipment replacement and laboratory upgrades Wastewater Utility CIP The Wastewater Utility Master. Plan (WWUMP) includes a comprehensive list of Wastewater Utility projects to be completed during the 20-year planning period. These include wastewater treatment plant capital and maintenance related projects, as well as wastewater collection system capital and maintenance related projects. The 2010-2030 Wastewater Utility Fund CIP has numerous line items identifying various projects for the WWTP and the sanitary sewer collection system. The significant CIP expenditures and Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP) funding fall into the following categories: WWTP Capital Projects / WWTP Rehabilitation Projects / WWCS Rehabilitation Projects 1 WASP Funding WWTP Capital Projects There are five (5) significant WWTP capital projects currently identified in the 20-yr CIP. The total cost of these projects (in 2008 dollars) is estimated at $40,000,000. These projects, their estimated escalated cost, and their projected timing are listed below: / UV Disinfection - $4,400,000 - 2010 ► Digester Modifications - $4,000,000 - 2010 / Headworks Improvements - $15,600,000 - 2016 / Phase 2 Improvements (Denitrification & Phosphorus removal) - $15,000,000 - 2020 / Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC's) removal - $19,000,000 - 2030 Utilities staff is currently completing a WWTP Evaluation project which is an analysis of the UV Disinfection, Digester Modifications, and Headworks Improvements projects. This analysis will present several process alternatives for the various facilities, their respective estimated costs, and ,vill provide a recommendation regarding their overall priority. WWTP Rehabilitation Projects In addition to the WWTP capital projects listed above, there are numerous WWTP rehabilitation projects identified in the CIP to address the plant's aging infrastructure. 't'hese projects are listed in the CIP in years 2016 through 2030, and have a combined cost (in 2008 October 2009 viii - --rte Wastewater Utility Master Plan - "``r M-- dollars) of $8,500,000. Utilities staff will continue to review the WWTP Rehabilitation analysis annually to identify the estimated tuning for the various rehabilitation projects within the 6-year CIP. WWCS Rehabilitation Projects Lastly, there are numerous wastewater collection system improvement projects currently identified in the 20-yr CIP. These projects were identified in the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan which was accepted by the WRAB in December 2008. The CIP currently lists four (4) Tier 1 projects (highest priority) and seven (7) Tier 2 projects (second highest priority). The total cost (in 2008 dollars) for these eleven projects is estimated at $28,000,000. The Tier 1 and Tier 2 project groups are listed below with their estimated cost and projecting timing: 0 Tier 1 Projects - $5,000,000 - 2016 through 2021 / Tier 2 Projects - $23,000,000 - 2021 through 2030 WQSP Funding The Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP) is implemented by the Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) Group. This include recommendations associated with the Water Quality Strategic Plan, Industrial Pretreatment Program and Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program. These recommendations provide a strategy that focuses on maintaining and operating existing programs and planning for future regulations and their implications on City regulatory requirements. The WQSP elements, including Industrial Pretreatment, Wastewater Environmental Laboratory and associated capital projects, are currently being approached in the following funding manor. It should be noted that this element of the WWUMP plan is more of an opportunistic program such that if funds are available, some recommendations can be moved forward as described in the Action Plan recommendations within the WQSP document. ► WQSP Recommendations o Requires a $50,000 one-time investment, a $94,000 on-going adjustment to base, and an additional 1.0 FTE. / Industrial Pretreatment Program o Requires a $30,000 one-time investment. / Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program o Requires a $30,000 one-time investment and $30,000 ongoing adjustment to base plus 0.5 FTE 1 Near Term Capital Improvements October 2009 ix Wastewater Utility Master Plan R`il Li I o Requires a $196,000 one-time investment plus an ongoing $124,000 adjustment to base and an additional 1.5 FTF Investment Program Options Boulder's Wastewater Utility is financed through an enterprise fund through monthly payments from the city's rate payers. The Wastewater Utility addresses projects both at the WWTP and also in the wastewater collection system. The funding is allocated to a variety of projects and programs according to the facilities' greatest needs. City staff prioritizes the various projects in planning level studies and evaluations, and then identifies the projects and their associated schedule and fee in the CIP. The WWUMP presents three Utility investment programs based on different levels of funding including the following: / Fiscally Constrained Plan / Action Plan ► Vision Plan These programs implement the policy direction of the WWUM-P at the three funding levels. Fiscally Constrained Plan The Fiscally Constrained Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes a Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of two percent (2%) in 2010, and a three percent (3%) annual increase in years 2011 through 2030. Under the Fiscally Constrained program, there are numerous programs and projects which would be either eliminated or have reduced funding. These include the following: ► Either the UV Disinfection or the Digester Modifications project (both scheduled for construction in 2010) would need to be eliminated from the 20-year CIP 0 The 2016 Headworks Improvements project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP ► The 2020 Phase 2 Improvements project (Nutrient Removal) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address MPH permit issues ► The 2030 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC) removal project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address CDPI lE permit issues 0 The WWTP Rehabilitation funding would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP The Wastewater Collection System Replacement projects (Tier 1 and Tier 2) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP October 2009 x Wastewater Utility Master Plan ► The Sanitary Sewer System Rehabilitation funding would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP 1 Future budget supplementals would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP Action Plan The Action Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes an annual Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of four percent (4%o) in years 2016 through 2030, with the following exceptions. The Action Plan will follow the recommended 6-year (2010-2015) CIP which includes the following rate increases: 2010=2%, 2011-2012=3%, 2013=4%, and 2014- 1015=6%. There is one period of increased funding which is necessary to maintain a positive fund balance in 2030. Two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) of nine percent (9%) rate increases would be required to fund the Nutrient Removal project. Under the Action Plan, there are a few programs and projects which would be either eliminated or have reduced funding. These include the following: / The 2030 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC) removal project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address CDPHE permit issues / The Wastewater Collection System Replacement projects (Tier 2) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP Vision Plan The Vision Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes an annual Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of four percent (4%) in years 2010 through 2030 with the following exceptions. There are three periods of increased funding necessary to maintain a positive fund balance in 2030. Two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fund the Headworks Improvements project. Two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fund the Nutrient removal Improvements project. Two consecutive years (2029 and 2030) of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fiend the EDC removal project. Under the Vision Plan, there are no programs that would have reduced funding. Ocloir 2009 xi i Wastewater Utility Master Plan Oage intentionally left blank) October 2009 xii Wastewater Utility Master Plan INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) is the overarching planning document for Boulder's Wastewater Utility (Utility). The purpose of the WWUMP is to present key issues, programs, projects and associated budgets for the collection system, wastewater wwUMP treatment plant and water quality programs. The intent of the WWUMP is to present information regarding the Utility operations, programs and funding plans such that department coordinators, policy makers, and The Wastewater Utility Master Plan is the overarching interested citizens can better understand planning document for the Utility Boulder's Wastewater Utility program. The WWUMP is supported by three primary planning documents for the Wastewater Utility: the Wastewater_ Collection System Master Plan (WWCSMP), the Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan (WWTPMP), and the Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP). These three supporting plans contain the technical analysis and recommendations that are used to develop recommendations supporting the operations of the GunAarml city's wastewater utility. Future updates to the WWUIVMP and the three supporting documents are 76th SUeet anticipated to be done concurrently. Typically - WVTP utility master plans are updated on a 5-year basis. ` 1- ' Goa.'e Creek y~ This update period can be extended if the level of development and infrastructure improvements is 1"'( not significant. Boulder Creek". Boulder's wastewater collection system and the O 75"' Street WWTP serve residences and businesses so,tl,Bo,AdcrCmelt within the Wastewater Utility Service Area (WUSA). The WUSA is comprised of Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) Area I (within Boulder's Wastewater Utility Service Area encompasses 26 sq.mi. and contains fide Boulder city limits) and Area II (areas adjacent to interceptor sewer basins the city limits that may be subject to annexation in Qrto~er2C09 t Wastewater Utility Master Plan the future). Areas outside the WUSA bmin.dary are served by other utility districts or septic systems. The resulting LNUSA contains approximately 16,340 acres (26 sq. irides). Boulder's wastewater collection system currently serves a population of approximately 110,000 people and 101,000 employees associated with commercial and industrial business. Projected growth is anticipated to occur primarily through in-fill and redevelopment projects resulting in an estimated 128,000 people and 156,000 employees within the WUSA. Wastewater Utility Planning Process and Goals The mission of the Utilities Division is to provide quality water services, as desired by the community, in a manner which emphasizes efficient management of fiscal and natural resources, and protects human and environmental health. In general, the planning process for the Wastewater Utility (Utility) focuses on identif ng opportunities that continue the high level of service provided to its customers and evaluating the associated cost of the opportunities. The opportunities and recommendations resulting from the planning process take the form of capital construction projects; system rehabilitation and repair projects; preparing systems and operational processes that anticipate future regulations; and evaluating staffing needs. Wastewater and water quality planning projects, such as the WWTMP, WQSP, and WWCSMP, are the primary tools that provide the detailed analysis that result in the opportunities and recommendations contained within the WW UMP. The three wastewater and water quality planning documents also include a financial element as they provide costs associated with their specific recommendations. The cost implications with these water quality and wastewater service opportunities are then evaluated against annual operating budgets for the Utility in a Business Plan approach. The Business Planning approach classifies the various projects and programs encompassed by the Utility according to criteria of 1) essential 2) desirable and 3) discretionary. As many of the programs and projects for the Utility are driven by water quality regulations, there are very few items that are classified as desirable or discretionary. However, those projects and programs that are identified as desirable or discretionary have a lower implementation priority when it comes to the budgeting process. Implementation options for the various programs and projects are evaluated at three funding levels, according to a Fiscally Constrained Plan, Action Plan, and Vision Plan which are defined as: October 2009 2 Wastewater Utility Master Plan poi` / Fiscally Constrained Plan (Current Funding) - is a prioritized, refocused service plan within existing budget targets. Action Plan - the next step of service expansion or restoration that should be taken when funding is available either within current revenue sources or if new sources are approved. / Vision Plan - the complete set of services and facilities desired by the community and aligned with values and policies, with alternative proposals to fund them. Another valuable source of information relating to improvement opportunities within the Utility is from the QualServe program offered by the American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Water Environment Federation (WE, F). The QualServe program is a peer review program, coupled with a self-assessment survey, performed in late 2008 to assist the Utilities Division in evaluating the division's overall performance, efficiency, and customer service as well as maintaining industry best management practices. Results from this peer review are included in the WQSP, WWTPMP, and the WWCSMP sections of the WWUMP. Water Quality Strategic Plan Goals The WQSP is the first comprehensive planning effort to address water_ quality policies and priorities for the city of Boulder (City). The purpose of the WQSP is to develop clear and concise water quality goals, develop recommendations and performance measures t, achieve these goals, and provide a process to address current and future water quality challenges. Goals for the water quality stratcV;ic plan are to: lNatr~r' u`!!.?i+ty Sir.rfegic 1-'iari is a corrtprel!ensive planning effort to address water quality policies and ► Provide safe and high-quality drinking water. priorities for the city and its water facilities like Barker Reservoir shown here. / Manage pollutants from wastewater and other_ point sources. ► Manage pollutants from stormwater and other non-point sources. ► Protect, preserve and restore natural water systems. ► Conserve water resources. Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan Goals The city's Wastewater Treatment Master Plan (WWTPMP) was completed in June 2007 with the purpose and goal to document past decisions, describe the current treatment facility, and October 2009 A Wastewater Utility Master Plan LA J present recommendations for improving the facility in the future. The ` VITl'MP also documents how the recommended improvements were selected and how these improvements will allow Boulder to meet anticipated future effluent regulations and effluent water quality requirements. The key tasks associated with this included the following: ► Identify current wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) improvements and how they conform to City and County policies and goals; / Describe how the WWTP is currently operated and compare to historic operations; / Discuss the economic impacts of the recommended WWTP improvements; / Provide an implementation plan for improvements; / Provide strategies for measuring performance of systems; ► Describe anticipated future requirements and develop an implementation plan. Additionally, the WWTPMP discusses the relationship of the WWTP improvements in conjunction with the city and Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) goals. These include: , ► Improving and protecting water quality is r Reducing waste and improving recycling and reuse y r of biosolids~, / Protecting the general health and safety of plant i i workers / Meeting future wastewater capacity demands `ti IRA ► Creating a sustainable community through; o Improved energy efficiency ' o Minimization of greenhouse gas emissions Boulder's Wastewater treatment Facility o Cost savings o N inimizing chemical usage Wastewater Collection System Master Plan Goals The primary goals of the WWCSMP are to identify capacity problems within the collection system and develop a prioritized list of recommended capital projects to resolve the capacity limitations. These goals were met through the following tasks: / Develop land use projections within the Wastewater Utility Service Area (WUSA) and associated wastewater flows / Develop a computer model of the sewer collection system based on the city's Geographic Information System (GIS) data / Analyze the existing collection system under existing and future land use conditions October 2009 4 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ~I / Identify capacity problems within the collection system / Develop improvement alternatives and identify recommended improvement projects / Prioritize the recommended improvements and develop planning level estimates of capital construction cost. Current Environment Boulder's wastewater treatment plan and collection system arc continuously being improved through planning, system rehabilitation and maintenance, and capital improvement projects. This section provides an overview of the current environment of the wastewater system through a general summary of treatment and collection system improvements that have occurred since the previous master plans were published. Wastewater Treatment Plant Facility The City of Boulder 75th Street WWTP is located at 4049 N. 75t1' Street in the SW 'A of Section 13, T1N, R70W, Boulder_ County, Colorado. Treated effluent from the WWTP is discharged to Segment 9 of Boulder Creek. The WWTP is defined as a major facility and operates under a CDPS permit (Number CO-0024147) dated February 1, 2003, which expired on January 31, 2008. The permit .has been administratively extended and the renewal date is currently in review with CDPIJE. The WWTP was upgraded in 2008 to meet future wastewater treatment capacity demands and new ammonia-nitrogen limits that were incorporated in the CDPS permit. The upgrades included improvements to both the liquid stream treatment and solids dewatering processes (Phase 1). The current treatment capacity is 25.0 million gallons per day (mgd) on a maximum month basis and provides adequate capacity to meet population growth past 2025 (the current average annual flow rate is approximately 15 mgd). The Phase 1 improvements also kept the future total nitrogen discharge at or below the current level. The solids dewatering process improvements increased solids from the liquid stream treatment process and reduced the volume of de-watered solids that must be transported from the WWTP site. The WWTP is continuously looking toward ways to optimize operations; including energy improvements. The City is currently in the process of constructing a one megawatt (1,000,000 watts) solar photovoltaic (PV) system, located at the WWTP. The PV system is scheduled to be operational in December 2009, or early 2010. The PV system is located on approximately five acres, and will provide approximately 15 percent off the average daily power required at the WWTP. City staff has estimated that annual energy savings will he approximately x$43,000. 5 October 7009 Wastewater Utility Master Plan 'r Wastewater utility Permitting The City's WWTP is permitted by the Colorado Department of Public Heath and Environment (CDPHE). The city is required to meet various effluent limit parameters identified in the Colorado Discharge Permit System (CDPS) discharge permit. This permit is typically renewed on a five-year cycle. It is expected that CDPHE will initiate the permit renewal process in the first quarter of 2010. City staff expects the final permit will be completed in the third or the fourth quarter of 2010. It is expected that the new permit will require more stringent effluent limit parameters such as ammonia, metals, and additional nitrogen series. New regulations often result in the need for WWTP improvement projects which provide a greater level of treatment. City staff does not anticipate that this new permit will require significant plant modifications. WWTP Evaluation Even though the City of Boulder recently completed $45 million in major improvements to the liquid and solids handling processes at the 75th Street Wastewater Treatment Plant, new discharge permit requirements are expected in 2010 and will require bringing the entire facility up to the same level of treatment capacity. As such, the City is currently in the process of evaluating the WWTP's treatment process capabilities - specifically focusing on the following three areas: / Evaluate the plant's anaerobic digestion process (capacity, mixing, heating, etc.) and recommend improvements to provide greater capacity and operational stability. / Evaluate UV disinfection alternatives to replace the existing gas chlorine and sulfur dioxide systems. Evaluate the WWTP's ability to meet the City's upcoming CDPHE permit effluent. The WWTP Evaluation project was completed in October 2009. The evaluation included recommendations at various plant processes including the following: • Anew UV (ultraviolet) Disinfection system to replace the gaseous chlorine and sulfur dioxide systems. • New digester mixing to replace the existing gas mixing system. • Headworks improvements including bar screen replacement, grit conveyance, and screenings and grit removal. October 2009 6 Wastewater Utility Master Plan W The City is in the process of selecting an engineering consultant to provide the design services. The design is scheduled for 2010, with an anticipated construction bid in late 2010 or early 2011. The construction is estimated at $8,000,000 to $9,000,000. Phase 1B construction, currently planned for 2010-2011, will include a UV disinfection system, solids stabilization (anaerobic digester) improvements, and possibly improvements to the headworks facility. Phase 2 construction, scheduled for 2020, includes expansion of the bioreactor with improvements to biologically remove nitrate and phosphorus. Wastewater Collection System Boulder's wastewater collection system and the 75`" Street WWTP serve residences and businesses within the WUSA. The V USA is comprised of BVCP) Area I (within Boulder city limits) and Area II (areas adjacent to the city limits that may be subject to annexation in the future). Areas outside the WUSA boundary are served by other utility districts or septic systems. The resulting WUSA contains approximately 16,340 acres (26 sq. miles). There are five sewer basins that contribute wastewater flow to the primary collector and interceptor system and ultimately to the WWTP. The five sewer basins and associated collector sewers are listed in Table 1. TABLE 1 - SEWER BASINS Sewer Basin Area (acres) Gunbarrel 2803 Fourmile 1677 Goose Creek 5076 Boulder Creek 5234 South Boulder Creek 1551 Total 16,430 The wastewater collection system includes gravity sewers, diversion manholes, one siphon and two lift station/forcemain systems that convey wastewater flow from the five sewer basins to the WWTP. Major features and gravity sewers by pipe size that compose the existing system are summarized in Table 2. Ocloh--r 2009 7 Wastewater Utility Master Plan IL TABLE 2 - EXISTING SEWER SYSTEM SUMMARY Collection System Gravity Diversion Lift Stations Forcemains Siphons Feature / Sewer Sewer Manholes Basin (miles) Gunbarrel 46.7 3 1 (City-owned) 1 (City-owned) 1 Fourmile 45.4 1 0 0 0 Goose Creek 119 9 0 0 0 Boulder Creek 118 10 0 0 0 South Boulder Creek 34 7 1 (Private) 1 (Private) 0 Recent improvements to the collection system primarily take the form of increased system reliability through repair/ rehabilitation projects as well as operations and maintenance processes. Currently, the Utility is budgeting $750,000 per year or pipe repair and rehabilitation and $100,000 per year on manhole repair and rehabilitation. The Utility has also recently improved its collection system planning process through a comprehensive update of the collection system master plan. Water Quality and Environmental Services Boulder's Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) Group is included within the city of Boulder Public Works, Utilities Division. The WQES Group serves as an in-house technical resource for Utilities and other City departments to help maintain compliance with various levels of regulations. The WQES Group is funded through the city's Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater enterprise funds and supports the Utilities Division water services though multiple programs. The Industrial Pretreatment (IPT} and Laboratory Services programs are included in this WQSP as they are directly related to the wastewater utility planning effort. Industrial Pretreatment Program The City's Industrial Pretreatment (IPT) Program is part of the WQES Group. The current, primary purpose of the city of Boulder IPT program is to control or limit the discharge of toxic or hazardous waste into the sanitary sewers and thus the City's 75th Street WWTP. The City IPT program must comply with multiple regulatory requirements at the federal, state and local levels. The general philosophy behind national federal standards is to provide consistent application to all industrial users throughout the country. Local _standards help to prevent the introduction of pollutants into the sewer system that would interfere with the October 2009 8 LJj Wastewater Utility Master Plan normal operation of the system or inhibit the biological process of the WWTP. In addition, local standards are enforced to optimize the cost effective method of WWTP sludge disposal (beneficial reuse) and to prevent any discharge that would result in pass-through of any pollutant resulting in a permit violation or adverse water quality impact of the receiving stream. General activities of the City's IPT Prograrn are: Work Group Involvement Monitor and Inspect all Permitted Industries for Compliance with Applicable Regulations. ► Implement Commercial/Domestic Wastewater Source Sampling Program. ► Continue to Implement the Silver Source Control Program. ► WWTP Monitoring Currently, special studies conducted by the City's IPT Program include: / Dental Waste Management Program / Nonylphenol (NP) Outreach and Evaluation Significant Industrial Users In order to administer the regulations of the IPT program, authority to take enforcement action is needed. IPT program enforcement response can vary from informal action such as phone calls or warning letters to formal action such as administrative orders or judicial action. In 2007 enforcement response included reminder phone calls, meetings, demand inspections, warning letters, notices of violation. In 2008 enforcement also included penalty assessment at one facility. The first objective of the IPT Program is to prevent the introduction of pollutants into the city's wastewater collection and treatment system that could interfere with the performance of the WWTP. Traditionally the pollutants of concern have been metals released from manufacturing operations. Table 1 details metals loading data from samples collected at the WWTP influent. In each case the annual average for the pollutant is well below the Maximum Allowable Headworks Loading (MAHL). In some cases loadings have stayed relatively stable in other cases loading have decreased considerably, as in copper and mercury. OCCober 2009 9 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program The Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory (WEL)Program currently provides broader support for the WWTP including biosohds analysis, field services including water quality monitoring and management of the laboratory information management system (LIMS) and database system. WEL program responsibilities will continue to expand as increasingly complex and interrelated water quality regulations develop. The WEL Program plays an important function in operational support testing for the wastewater plant operations, process optimization, backup and assistance to the Drinking Water Quality Program, analysis for wastewater collection system and storm drainage projects, and acting as a general resource for chemical safety information, both within Utilities and for other city departments. The WEL Program performed over 57,500 analyses in 2007. Current Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program Special Studies WFL program staff conduct multiple special studies to support the 75`l' Street WWTP and other city Departments. Current special studies arc as follows. / DMR-QA Study / Practical Quantitation Limitation (PQL) Assessment/Development / Site Specific PQL Development / Boulder Creek Monitoring ► Copper Translator Development / E. coli Study Process Optimization Support Group WIIP program staff are actively involved in the WWTP Process Optimization Group. The Process Optimization Group provides WWTP technical input and laboratory analysis support to evaluate and solve WWTP problems that may arise. WEL program staff assistance was provided for the following projects in 2007 and 2008. / Tracking Ammonia trends during construction / Centrate/Thickener Study / Trickling Filters- Decommissioning / Volatile Acid/Alkalinity Evaluation / New processes as they come on-line. October 2009 10 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ``'ri Ldi SFi=__2 Metals Program Metals analysis is an important component of the WEL Program, which conducted 16,528 metals analysis in 2007. In 2007 it is estimated that the metals program saved over $176,000 by providing metals analysis in-house versus contracting all metals analysis to an outside analytical laboratory. Quality Control/Quality Assurance Program Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) comprise approximately 29 percent of the total sample load in the WEL Program. The QA/QC program allows continuous evaluation of analytical accuracy and precision, representativeness and scientific validity, which is rcgtured by both the USEPA and CDPHC. In 2007 WEL Program QA/QC Manual was updated. The manual establishes systematic, written policies and guidelines to be followed by all laboratory personnel and specifies minimum performance standard criteria to be used in the analytical process. October 2009 11 Wastewater Utility Master Plan 05age intentionally left blank) October 2009 12 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Lai L KEY POLICIES AND ISSUES Guiding Principles and Policies A series of guiding principles, policies and implementation measures were used to define the planning process for the Utility. The guiding principles for the WWUMP are based on Boulder's planning approach to community sustainability through evaluating social, environmental and economic impacts associated with various program and projects within the city. Specifically, the three guiding principles for the WWUMP are: / Protect Public Health and Safety / Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment / Maximize the use of the Wastewater Utility's Fund U~. mat In general, the policies that support the guiding _ a principles noted above are defined by the Boulder 1 Revised Code and the Boulder Valley _ Comprehensive Plan (BVCP). The WWTPMP, the: WWCSMP, and the WASP provide the implementation measures by defining specific' = Tannin elements, requirements, and recommendations, and, where applicable, identifying capital improvement projects. " y - - Boulders Gravity Systems Maintenance group protects public heath and the environment by The guiding principles listed above provide the reducing sewer back-ups through routine framework to help the City maintain an maintenance and system operations environmentally sustainable program to provide waste disposal services for the City of Boulder residents and businesses The approach of this section is to present the guiding principles, identify associated policies, and then present the more specific aspects, the implementation measures. Note this document does not attempt to repeat city code or other documents, but rather to capture the general intent and to include the most relevant specifics within the WWUMP. Existing policies related to each of the three guiding principles are summarized in the following sections. The implementation measures used in meeting these policies are shown in italics. October 2009 1.3 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Principle #1- Protect Public Health and Safety The Utility protects the public heath and safety through capital projects associated with the collection system and wastewater treatment facility and through various programs within the Utility, including with the Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) group and the Gravity Systems Maintenance group. Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan / Plan S Wastewater Treatment Master Plan o Define service area for the WWTP with determined and limited boundaries This policy is implemented with the WIWM-IMP and IPIY/C,:S'LIiIP. These documents define the wastewater utility service area based on the BVCPArea I and lI boundary definitions. 7771s boundary was also used to identf custortler types, land use, and populatioril emplyees serviced by the utility. a Describe existing and projected WWTP flows This policy is implemented with the IVII'MP and IVIVCSIWP. These documents describe existing and future lvastervaterflows based on the service area boundary, BVC.I' population and emplayrnentforecasts, and the Denver Regional Council of Governments population and erriploynrettl forecast,. 1 hese population and employment forecasts are used in corjunction with historical data front the wastewater trealmentfacility to protect future wastewater flows. o Describe the collection system contained within the WWTP service area and potential future upgrades and improvements 4 This policy is implemented with tl7e IYII C'IC.SMP ® Plan 9 Wastewater Collection System Master Plan o Provide wastewater collection at a flow rate required by the city's customers, precluding backups and spills that would endanger human health, personal property and the environment. This policy is implemented with the IY VCSMP and the Gravity Systems Maintenance IVorkgrot p. The IVIYICSMP leveraged the Boulder's investtttent in their- GS data to determine the distribution of wastewater flatus across the city for Boulder's existing and future crustomem IVastetvater flows were also developed to include the collection system s ' Fg F ' . response to significant rainfall events and L groundwater in tllratiort. These waslervater flows were used with a computer model to analyse the collection.,gstem and identf locations of capacity 7~1 L totential sewer over lows and areas that 1 problems, l .f coztld potentially cause sewer back-ups. Upgrades to collection system master planning identifies potential the collection gsterit were identified to address these problem locations and recommends improvements to potential problevts within the collection ystem. reduce sewer overflows and back-uvs 17)e Gravity J' ,sterns Maintenance IVor group includes cleaning crews, a constrzrction crew, closed cit roil telec"ision (C(.7-V) o-ew. 11-Taiutcrratrce staff r'etrtoi)e obstrrrclion. fiotrt the collection gslent pipes, repair frilirrg October 2009 14 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ysterrrs, and monitor the performance of the sewer system. As u result, these activities increase the collection ystem's ability to convey flows from the city's customers and reduce the number and extent of sewer back-ups. o Require pretreatment of wastewater from certain commercial and industrial customers to reduce the concentration of chemical constituents that may adversely impact the treatment ability of the WWTP. The 6Y/QES workgroup includes the Industrial Pretreatment (IPT) program whose purpose is to ensure that commer vial and residential entities are not contributing pollutants to the sewer system. The IPT program monitors wastewater flow and constituents at select industrial sites within the service area. In addition to chemical constituents, an additional pollutant the IPT progravi monitors and addresses is grease or oil from restaurants in levels that could impact the ability of the collection system to convey flow. Although Boulder does not currently Piave a fully developed fats, oils and grease (FOG)pro gram, current dty standards do require oillgrease interceptors in new restaurants in an e fort to address this pretreatment activity. Boulder Revised Code 1 Chapter 11-2 Septic Systems o There are a few city properties currently on permitted septic systems. As these properties redevelop or their existing septic systems fail, they are required to connect to the city wastewater system and abandon their septic systems to health department standards. o In areas where city sewer service is available to county properties, the city works with the county to facilitate connection to the city wastewater system via annexation or an outside city utility permit. o In areas where no city sewer service is available to county properties eligible for annexation or outside city utility permits, the city works with the neighbors and the county to find creative solutions for funding the utility work. o If an emergency situation exists, the septic tank is pumped out at the property owner's expense and the applicable processes are expedited to the extent city ordinances and county regulations allow. Chapter 11-3 Industrial and Prohibited Discharges o Provide for and promote the general health, safety and welfare of the citizens residing within the city and downstream water users and residents As noted previously, the IPT program monitors wastemater flow and constituents at select industrial sites within the ser Dice area. In addition, the IPT program addresses oils and grease fi nm new restaurants. Bath of these activities inprove the ability of the l,YIVFP to discharge clean, safe went and meet regulations that-Protect the waters of Boulder Creek and its downstream users. Additional implementation measures are provided through Boulder's Design and Construction Standards (DCS), Chapter 6 Wastewater Design. The pertinent sections of the DSC that relate to protection of public health and safety arc summarized below: o Establish tninirnum design standards for providing and maintaining the public wastewater utility collection system including, but not limited to main extensions, collection mains, services, and manholes. The design standards defined in the DCS are appropriate. No recommendations for revisions have been identified o Establish standard design flows for any project or development proposal for the purpose of designing wastewater collection mains to convey peak flow. Octcber X009 15 1 aon~lra um S~ PON Wastewater Utility Master Plan ~Y. The design jlozzcr and pecrking factor r in the DCS are approlriate. No i ecoiim2enrlations for revisions bave been identified. o Provide requirements for utility reports in order to assess the impacts and service demands of any project or development proposal connecting to the public wastewater collection system. The utility report requirements in the DCS' are appropriate. No recommendations. for revisions have been identified. Principle #2 - Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment The Utility protects Boulder's natural resources and the i~• :r: environment through the WQES group, Gravity Svst, ii i,) V Maintenance group, and WWTP operations and ~ treatment facilities. , x. Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan / Plan 8 Wastewater Treatment .Master Plan Boulder's WWTP meets or exceeds o Describe existing and projected WWTP flows permit requirements defend by the CDPHE and protects the quality of water As noted in the Policy #I discussion, the WIWIIPMI) and in Boulder Creek WIIF1'CSMP have developed existing and future wastewaterflow projections in order to provide adequate collection Dutem and IVVIT'I' hydraulic capacity. This protects the Boulder's natural resources and the environment by reducdng the chance of sanita y sewer overflows 0 Maintain the current Class B biosolids land application program with a portion of the biosolids production composted at a private composting facility and continuing to track biosolids treatment and recycling research and trends to see if better .long-term options become available. 1 he Utility has recently fnz'shed a significant investment in its ongoing Class B .Biosolids program with the completion of the Solidsl Dewatering project Tlyis pr ject included crew gsteriis that optinii,Ze the processing of the solids and their disposal housed within a new building at the IMMP. o Track National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements and land use regulations to anticipate more stringent treatment requirements. Boulder WIWTP and JVOE.S staff continue to be proactive in anticipating future regulations throirgh discussions rvitli Colorado Department of Public Heath and Environment (CDPHE) staff and through IFIWIP facility planning studies. For example, the Utility has recently star-ted the I FTP -Evaluation where f cticre permit requirements and horn those affect the WII PTT'facilities will be evaluated. o Provide information on fixture treatment processes 7be Utility corriiraices to research and stzrdy treatnientprocess upgrades that could cierrtly work, within the existing pr ocesses at the WI1171 P and provide flexibr.'lity to address facture discharge permit requirements. The previously mentioned IVIVI'P Evaluation planning study will address and identify the future treatmentprocesses that best fit the needs o f 'R,ulder. OcwO.ci- 2009 1G Wastewater Utility Master Plan Boulder Revised Code / Chapter 11-3 Industrial and Prohibited Discharges o Prevent the introduction of pollutants into the publicly owned treatment works (POTW) thereby affecting the operation of the system and the receiving waters or atmosphere Tlie curl ent IPT Program, within the WI E.S group, monitors and regulates wastewater discharges fr om identified industries avilhin the wastewater service area. f o Improve the opportunity to recycle biosolids from the system ,J:f The ClassB BiosolidsprograrrZ continues to be optimised and improved. Recent improvements at the 11/WTP include a new Biosolids Pr ocessing facility whicb utilises high torque centrifrsges to greatly reduce the volume of biosolids removed and transported .i from the facility. P o Protect city personnel who may work with wastewater and biosolids in the course of their employment Safety is ofparamorrnt importance to the Utilities Division and its staff GVW'I'P and Gravity Systems Maintenance staff ' undergoes safety training and hold the required ~ licenses/classifications. The recenL!y completed Solids Dewatering Project optimized the W VI P has a all established Sue ' Committee to address biosolids program and resulted in a f ' f more cost effective and unsafe work conditions as well as a 12 person Emegerrcy environmentally sound process. Response 'I earn (EIS Team) trained specifically to deal with the emergencies encountered at a WW1TP. o Prevent the introduction of wastes that may adversely affect the environment or may cause a violation of the city's National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. As noted previously, the IPP Program monitors and regulates industrial wastewater discharges The result, as it applies to the NPDEX permit, is the IPT Program reduces /he risk of Il%IYr"IP operational issues and/or sewer overflows by striving to eliminateproblematic chemical and constituentsfro»s the wastmaterflom. Additional implementation measures are provided through the WWTPNW. Reduce waste by ivpr-oving recycling and reuse of biosolids Create a sustainable community t/orough improved enemy effcieny, minimi7,a ion of';reenhousegar emissions, cast savings, and nranimz.Vng chemical usage Improve ammonia nitrogen redretion capability Evaluate treatment capacity for oi(gb facility planning to meet future needs Improve the dervaterirrg pr ocess capabilities to meet increased rapacity requrt-emerits Replace inefficient equilmient rvith nerves, improved equipment. Octouer?009 17 Ayn Wastewater Utility Master Plan Principle #3 - Maximize the use of the Utility's Funds The Utility has developed a series of tools and process that evaluate expenditures, revenue and planned capital projects. The various projects and programs are evaluated in an annual budgeting process using a Business Plan AdrtY 7~ llon capilal Project Management approach that incorporates level of service and Improvements 3% 31% Maintenanco investment strategies to prioritize programs 13% and needs. The policy of using the Business Wastewater Quality o% Plan approach for utility planning is outlined in ppo the "City Plans and Projects Handbook", City Transfors 8% Deb! Payernts of Boulder, November 13`11, 2008. The details 30% of the Business Plan approach and its Boulder has adopted a Business Plan approach application to the Utility are presented in the that incorporates level of service and investment Investment Program section of the WWUMP strategies to prioritize programs and needs report. Boulder Revised Code / Chapter 11-2 Wastewater Utility o Adopt a system of plant investment fees The City currently ulili.~es a funding ystem comprised ora plant investn>etat fees (PIF) atad ireoaatl>ly user o ales to fund the Wastewater Utility Fund Capital Improvements Plan (CIP) and operating budget expenses. o Utility expansion outside city limits shall be consistent with the BVCP and the city charter requirements to insure the most efficient and cost effective service The IMVCSMP and W/W7PMI' have identified the rvastewaterutidity service area based on the boundaries defined by the BVCP Areas I and II. Irlaprovements to existing facilities and ystem extensions have incorporated this service area boundary into the analysis process. Both of these plans have developed alternatives to existing and future service areas that were evaluated against a set of criteria that included cost effectiveness. o Continue to provide wastewater services as an Enterprise q The City hill continue to operate the W/astervater Utility Fund as an Enterprise Funel. o Provide for equitable distribution of cost of the wastewater utility among users 4 7 he City provides an equitable distribution of cost for the lVastewaler° Utility through PIF's and user rates. BVCP Urban Service Criteria and Standards An additional guiding policy is the Urban Service Criteria and Standards of the BVCP. As referenced in the preceding three guiding principals, Wastewater Treatment Master Plan and Wastewater Collection System Master Plan sections of the BVCP provide policies supporting many of the technical requirements within the Wastewater Utility. The Urban Service Criteria and Standards provide guidance as to the effectiveness of the operation and October 2009 18 Wastewater Utility Master Plan financing aspects within the Utility. Specifically the Urban Service Criteria and Standards as they relate to the public sewer system identify service standards as follows: / Responsiveness to Public Objectives / Sufficiency of Financing / Operational Effectiveness / Proficiency of Personnel ► Location and Adequacy of Equipment and Facilities Through wastewater system operations, planning, budgeting, and training programs, Boulder is able to meet the service criteria and standards identified in this section of the BVCP. This is evident in the positive feedback the Utility received during the AWWA QualServe peer review process, in the high level of service provided to its wastewater customers, and ability to meet and exceed State water quality permit requirements. Wastewater Utility Key Issues Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan The Wastewater Treatment Plan Master; Plan (WWTPMP) documents past 4 decisions, the current facility, and presents the approach that has been used u to reach decisions on process selection and introduce some future decisions that will be facing the utility. To continue to provide the level of service required by 2. federal regulations and match the expectations of the community presented in the BVCP Goals, ongoing improvements to the treatment facility Boulder's Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) along Boulder Creek at 4049 N. 75"' Street are necessary. WWTPMP Improvement Alternatives The WWTPMP investigated various treatment alternatives to support the recommendations contained within that plan and to provide guidance for the Phase 1 WWTP Improvements. OcWler 209 19 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Liquid Stream Improvements Alternatives The WWTPMP evaluated five treatment processes for upgrading the Boulder WWTP as part of dic Phase 1 improvements. These included: / 'T'ricking Filter - Solids Contact Tank - Nitrifying Trickling Filters - Tricking Filter Recycle - Denitrification Filters - Chemical Phosphorus Removal (TF-SC-NTF- fFR-- DNF) / Trickling Filter - Activated Sludge (TF-AS) / Activated Sludge (AS) / Tric1ding Filter - Membrane Bioreactors (TF-MBR) / Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) These alternatives were then evaluated based on economic and non-economic factors to determine the preferred treatment process. Figures 1 and 2 below, from the WWTPMP, show that the activated sludge (AS) process scored the highest as part of the non-economic evaluation and provided the lowest life--cycle cost. zJ r y V V Criteria a 3 G' T: 2 4 - t b _ a x 3 _ H W J ~ ; C ~ V `L Jrr 7 O J ~ J ti ~ ':J C rJ EMA ALr. 3 - TF/SC, N`T'F, TFl2, DF, CPR 3 4 3 3 5 1 3 i 4 4 35 Alt. 6 - TrkUnp Filter - Activarecl Sludge 4 .1 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3 3G Alt. 7- Activated Sludie 5 4 5 5 4 3 4 4 5 4 45 Alt. S - Tric".ig Filter - lrembraneBiocenctor 5 2 2 2 5 2 5 1 4 5 33 Alr. 9- Membrane Bioreactor 5 2 3 4 5 2 .5 1 5 S 3Note: a hio.ec 1core is more r:arable. Figure 1. Non-Economic Evaluation of Process Alternatives October 2009 ?0 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Lai -0 ❑ 'T'otal P\V OrQ,IT Cost ■ Phase 2 P\V Construction Cost 60 - ® P11"se 1 Construction Cost 3 0 40 - - A G 30 0 ?0 - 10 0 U u r- - AlteLiouve :~ltcrll.~ti~ e G Alternative 7 rUtermtive S Atennilv(. 9 TF-SCT- TF-AS AS TF-,IIBR 11BR TF-TT--R- D\F Figure 2. Economic Evaluation of Process Alternatives As mentioned previously, the Liquid Stream Upgrades project was operational in 2008. The main goal was to improve nutrient removal and increase capacity from 20.5 to 25 mgd. In anticipation of more stringent ammonia limits (and potential future nutrient limits for nitrate, nitrite, total nitrogen, and/or phosphorus), the City converted the Trickling Filter/Solids Contact process to an Activated Sludge process. The new activated sludge process includes three new aeration basins arranged in a three-pass configuration making use of anoxic and aerobic zones. Mixed liquor is recycled from the end of the aerobic zone to the anoxic zone. In the future Phase 2 configuration, the first two anoxic zones will be converted to anaerobic and an additional biological phosphorus recycle will be added to return flows from the end of the anoxic zone to the beginning of the anaerobic zone. Specific improvements included the construction of and/or modifications to the following processes and facilities: / Three new aeration basins / Blower building / Secondary pump station modifications - = ► Two dissolved air flotation thickening r ~%_3 r (DAFT) units ► A fourth secondary clarifier P k ► Removal of two large trickling filters - .;°pi abandonment of two others` / Xcel Energy dual power feed A4ixecl Liquor Wasting Station Qctni72f 2009 21 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ~ j- B,-` , F =7 Figure 3 below provides a schematic flow diagram of the Boulder WWTP after implementation of Phase 1 improvements. Removal I CCT A d ucle w , illo,e ANX AER Snwndary VIII cat~r~ ~ I enirg I 1 I a I Ivs I -I ' , 1 . 1 I OAFi ' GATT Fu'! -tom. 1 WA5 - - ( _________ll 1. I f I I I ( I I I L -,T I I I I ' I I , I I 0:~.t.:r3J {I~ ~~ty ~I F, -1, APR = ',mbm DAF T = O,auEwO Au f-luln!-0n TH-,tnx, GP •G-tV TKck,,-, NtUt = Ubx J L.qun Rccy::o ANA v A-c TPSL e-.d P-V 5'.Jo. WAS = Waco Actlvwed Siudoo CCT • CTAa C40.d Tank SWAS = I1<ia nod Waste AcW.W Sudge RAS v Anlum Antvwcd Sludge Figure 3. Boulder WWTP Process Schematic after Phase 1 Improvements Dewatering Improvements Alternatives The Dewatering Improvements project was initiated to increase the capacity of the existing solids processing facilities in anticipation of increased solids loading from the activated sludge process. The project was recently completed and included a new biosolids dewatering building and three new centrifuges to increase dewatering capability from 6.3 dry tons per day to a maximum of approximately 11.6 dry tons per day. Digested sludge is stored in two new holding tanks prior to dewatering. Dewatered cake from this process is trucked to eastern Colorado for agricultural land application. The centrate is returned to a new 500,000 gallon storage tank and then metered back into the process for treatment. ESpecific I improvements included the construction of and/or modifications to the following processes and facilities: October 2009 22 Wastewater Utility Master Plan 0 New Biosolids Dewatering Building including- operations facility : ji .1 / Three high torque centrifuges y: / Dry polymer feed system / 't'hree sludge cake pumps r. -41 / Three sludge cake hoppers , / 500,000 gallon centrate storage tank and y:_ }rte ! ~ ~.J r ,~l Yid. '~-a (."q~w'i~ (..~,i IIC-:" J pump station ® Abandoned tanker fleet trucks and direct relationship with farmers where the city land applied biosolids WII1111- 0 1 Currently utilize Liquid Waste Management The new Biosulids DeWdtenng 6u;ldk7g at 010 wwrF ~ (LWM) for contract hauling (20% cake product) and end-use biosolids disposal Disinfection System Alternatives 'I'he WWTP.MP also evaluated alternatives for replacement of the existing chlorine gas disinfection and gaseous sulfur dioxide dechlorination systems which disinfect the effluent prior to discharge to Boulder Creek. The existing chlorine disinfection system has adequate capacity to meet the needs of the proposed expansion of the 75th Street facility from 20.5 mgd to 25 mgd, however it does not meet current industry standards associated with the safe handling of chlorine and sulfur dioxide gases (both chlorine and sulfur dioxide gases are considered hazardous chemicals). This, along with a broader concern about the safety aspects of transporting and handling hazardous chemicals and the environmental impacts associated with using chlorine as a disinfectant, prompted the City to evaluate replacing the existing chlorine disinfection system with a different system. The follow=ing disinfection alternatives were considered: 0 Alternative 1 - Chlorine (-as with Sulfur Dioxide (Existing Gaseous Chemical. System) Alternative: 2 - High Strength Sodium I-Iypochlorite with Sodium Bisulfite (Liquid Chemical System) 9 Alternative 3 - Onsite Sodium Hypochlorite Generation with Sodium Bisulfitc (Liquid Chemicals System) / -Alternative 4 - Disinfection with Ultraviolet Light (LJV Disinfection) OcLober 2009 23 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Figures 4 and 5 below, from the WWTPMP, provide the results frorn the economic and non-economic evaluations of the alternatives. ® Collst111ct1on Cost ■ O&M Cost G LW LW 5 4 A O - J z 2 - - n v Gaseous Chlorine High Strength Liquid Disinfection with UV Disinfection Disinfection Sodium H)podilorite Low Strength Liquid Disinfection Socliiim Hypodilorite Generated on Site Figure 4. Economic Evaluation for Disinfection Alternatives October 2009 24 Wastewater Utility Master Plan V C C~J r G J P. v v ~ U Criteria o I W Q O o r o C ~IJ R, o U o W v o + v1 J ran n M W U to a4 A 4.4 U U cn M o 5 0 o y v to L_91T Y Alt. 1 - Gaseous CI-dontle. 3 4 1~ 2 4 4 4 1 3 3 39 Alt. 2 - High-Strength Sodium Hypoclrlorite a 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 43 iUt. 3 - Can-Site Sodiurn Hypochlorite Generation 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 42 Alt. 4- T UV 3 3 3 5 4 4 3 2 5 5 5 48 -Note: A bigger score is mole frkrorable. Figure 5. Non-Economic Evaluation for Disinfection Alternatives UV disinfection was rated the highest of the disinfection alternatives from a non-economic standpoint and scored second for cost. UV disinfection is the safest for the WWTP staff and the community and it eliminates the need for hazardous chemicals to be shipped to and stored at the WWTP. UV disinfection is also very easy to operate and maintain, and will allow the City to continue to meet their effluent disinfection requirements without the negative aspects of chemical addition. UV disinfection was selected as the preferred disinfection method. Due to budgetary constraints, the UV system was removed from the Phase 1 improvements construction project. Plant staff have identified the gaseous chlorine system as the greatest cost and a significant safety hazard. The City has indicated this system will be replaced as part of the next budgeting cycle. Future WWTP Modifications Discharge permit limits are revisited every five years, and it is anticipated that some level of TIN and phosphorus removal may be required by future discharge permits. Chemical addition and/or additional aeration basin volume may be requixcd to remove additional TIN Cciober 2009 25 Wastewater Utility Master Plan p`oi'' and phosphorus. If extremely love TIN limits are implemented in the future, a tertiary denitrification treatment process may also be required. If extremely low phosphorus limits are imposed, tertiary filtration may be required. The 2005 Liquid Stream Upgrades project design accounted for "Phase 2" improvements (future) to address more stringent CDPHE effluent discharge regulations. The Phase 2 improvements would involve minor modifications to the recently constructed aerations basins (anaerobic & anoxic zones) to specifically address plant denitrification. The Phase 2 improvements might also involve the construction of a fourth aeration basin. This project is tentatively scheduled for 2020. Additionally, the Boulder WW I'P may be required to remove micro constituents. Micro constituents include very small particles such as endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC's) and disinfection byproducts. At present little is known about the significance of these contaminants or appropriate treatment technologies for their removal from wastewater; however, regulatory requirements associated with these contaminants may be adopted in the future. If emerging contaminants removal becomes necessary, public education and additional treatment processes will likely be required. This issue will be evaluated in the future as appropriate. Other future projects identified in the CIP include modifications to, or the replacement of the Headworks facility. The headworks facility is old and antiquated as several key process components are inefficient and lack redundancy. 'T'hese components include the bar screens, grit removal system, and rag removal system, and he heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The bar screens are 3/4-inch and lack the ability to remove fine size particles permitting too many debris to pass through the headworks and impact other plant processes. This results in downstream wear and tear on mechanical equipment. The grit system lacks an efficient washing system to maintain the organics in the process flow. The rag system is not adequately sized to work properly with the existing screens, and requires both conveyors to move the rags to the dewatering machine. There is no redundancy in the conveyors or the rags dewatering process. The HVAC system is inadequate to provide heat for the building. Recently, the heating coil froze rendering the system useless. This project is tentatively scheduled for 2015 and may include the construction or modification to the existing maintenance facility. Although not yet identified in the near terns the CIP, this project is a priority for the City. October 2009 76 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Wastewater Collection System Master Plan The WWCSMP is a comprehensive planning document that assesses the conveyance capacity of Boulder's sanitary sewer system and identifies recommendations with associated capital cost estimates to resolve conveyance capacity deficiencies. The following is a summary from the WWCSMP report prepared by HDR and published December 2008. Land Use and Flow Proiections Land use planning projections for both population and o~nbarrer employment were developed within the WUSA. There are three prominent planning documents that establish population and employment projections for the WUSA and included 1) 2007 DRCOG Traffic Analysis Zones, copse cmek 2) 2007 WWTP Master Plan and 3) 2008 Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP). These documents include consideration for both existing and future land uses, as well as historical and projected population trends. A summary of the population and employment j projections for the WUSA is shown in Table 3. The s°°rh6ouldercreex 2007 Denver Regional Council of Governments (DRCOG) Traffic Analysis Zones (TA'/_,) data was used Boulder's Wastewater Utility Service Area to represent existing conditions in the WWCSMP as it encompasses 26 sq.mi. and contains true $ interceptor sewer basins was based on census data and provided good correlation with the BVCP. To be consistent with the 2007 WWTPMP, projections for future employment and population were based on data from that document. As a result, buildout condition (2030) population and employment values presented in the 2007 WNWPMP were used for this analysis. TABLE 3 - 2008 WWCSMP PROJECTIONS FOR WUSA Year 2008 2015 2020 2025 Buildout (2030) Population 110,092 119,072 122,529 124,266 128,162 Employment 100,598 128,918 134,381 136,706 155,864 Total average dry weather_ flow (ADWI~ or base flow projections in the collection system for existing and future conditions are comprised of population, employment and Significant October 2009 27 Wastewater Utility Master Plan ''YI Industrial User (Sf (J) contributions. The population and employment contributions are combined with the unit flow factors of 102 gpd per capita and 50 gpd per employee. The SIU contributions are based on 2006/2007 flow data from each user adjusted for domestic flow. In addition to existing (2008) and buildout (2030) conditions, flow projections were developed for intermediate years including 2015, 2020, and 2025 for information purposes. Table 4 presents the ADWF projections used as the basis of the Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) analysis. It should be noted these ADWF values do not reflect collection system hydraulics including hydrograph attenuation and pump station influences. As a result, the collection system hydraulic model results are anticipated to vary slightly when compared to the values in the table below. TABLE 4 - AVERAGE DRY WEATHER FLOW PROJECTIONS Year 2008 2015 2020 2025 Buildout (2030) Population ADWF (mgd) 11.3 12.1 12.5 12.7 13.1 Employment ADWF (mgd) 5.0 6.5 6.7 6.8 7.8 SIU ADWF (mgd) 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Total ADWF (mgd) 16.9 19.2 19.8 20.1 21.5 Collection System Analysis The purposes of the conveyance system analysis were to 1) document the analysis of the existing collection system during dry weather and wet weather flows and 2) to identify and characterize hydraulic capacity issues. By analyzing the existing collection system under existing and T buildout flow conditions, problem areas were identified for both land use scenarios. The primary source of data that was used for the J collection system hydraulic model development and analysis was Boulder's sanitary sewer 15~- Geographic Information System (GIS) layers for f "T Legend manholes and sewer pipes. This database was 1_ Iavsneanday provided to HDR in November of 2007 and McWaleCapaa.y i Capaaly I.-nlab o - t1uldmt formed the basis of all subsequent work. Combined, the two GIS layers represent 9,596 Hydraulic analysis of interceptor-, collector and local collector sewers was performed to identify existing and fixture capacity problem areas. Oc[ober 2009 28 Wastewater Utility Master Plan manholes and 9,671 sewer main pipe segments, ranging in size from 4 to 60 inches in diameter. Gravity sewers are typically classified as local, collector or interceptor sewers. Local sewers have diameters that are typically less than 10 inches and convey wastewater from relatively small service areas (approximately 20 acres and less). Local sewers have numerous service line connections collecting wastewater from individual customers. Collector sewers have diameters that typically range between 12 and 24 inches. Collector sewers convey flow from multiple local sewers and also include individual service line connections, although not as many as local sewers. Interceptor sewers typically have very few, if any, individual service line connections and convey wastewater from connections with collector sewers to the WWTp. Many of Boulder's local sewers provide service to relatively large areas with some local sewers serving areas up to 100 acres in size and/or highly developed areas. These small diameter local sewers are an integral part of the gravity sewer system. As a .result, these local sewers that serve large areas have been termed "local collectors" for purposes of this study. Additional collection system features included in the model and analysis included lift stations, forcemains, diversion manholes, and siphons. The collection system pipes with identified capacity limitations, established from the model results, were examined to identify likely hydraulic issues under the various flow scenarios. There are a total of 138 pipes in the analyzed collection system with hydraulic deficiencies identified. A detailed problem identification and characterization process was completed to better understand the nature and extent of these problems. The hydraulic problems were separated into two categories: Type A and Type B. Type A problems consisted of a series of under capacity pipes that were hydraulically connected to one another. Type B problems are isolated hydraulic restrictions that are not hydraulically connected to other problem locations or series of problem pipes. Recommended Collection System Improvements The recommended system. improvements that resolve the existing and future capacity issues are shown on the following figure. This figure includes both improvements that address Type A and Type B problems. The conveyance system analysis separated the hydraulic problems into two categories; Type A and Type B Type A problems consist of a series of problem pipes that are hydraulically connected to one another. Type B problems are Octoi)er 7009 ?9 Wastewater Utility Master Plan isolated hydraulic restrictions that arc not hydraulically connected to other problem locations or series of problem pipes. The recommended improvements were grouped in three tiers to establish implementation priority: 1 Tier 1 projects address Type A problems and have the highest priority; 1 Tier 2 projects also address Type A problems but have lower priority compared to Tier_ 1; / Tier 3 projects address Type B problems which have the lowest priority. October 2009 30 c~ } Wastewater Utility Master Plan ELM r ' , I r' rf Z _ --Gunbarrl ..1 ffJJ++ff~~~ Gunbarrel 2 Boulder Creek 4 Goose Creek 1~ ~J Goose Crl ek 1A J I( 'Go'se Creek kGoose Creek 3 1 -Goose Creek 2 oose Creek 5 Boulder-Greek#1 Boulder Creek 3 - i i~ I Bourdei Cree 2 5. Boulder Creek 1 - I Legend 7 r Improvement Priority ® Tier 1 _ Q Tier 2 Q Tier 3 Improvement Recommendations WUSA Boudary Recommended improvements were developed and prioritized into Tier 1, 2 and 3 categories. October 2009 31 Wastewater Utility Master Plan `er'r The improvement priorities were assigned based on a number of qualitative factors including the flow conditions in which they occur (existing versus future), extent of the problem, potential for sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs) and service lateral backups, ease of constructability, and relative benefit over other improvement projects. The relative benefit takes into account the amount of pipe replaced compared to the extent of the "problem remedied. The resulting implementation priorities and associated estimates of capital construction cost are shown in Table 5. TABLE 5 - CAPITAL PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION RECOMMENDATIONS Problem Priority Improvement ID Location Capital Cost Tier 1 Boulder Creek 2 Colorado Ave and 28 h St $733,000 Tier 1 Goose Creek 1/1A Iris Ave and 191n St $1,203,000 Tier 1 Goose Creek 3 Spruce St and 24th St $482,000 Tier 1 Goose Creek 5 Arapahoe Ave and 55"' St $2,559,000 TIER 1 TOTAL $4,977,000 Tier 2 Boulder Creek 1 Colorado Ave and 28`h St $1,653,000 Tier 2 Boulder Creek 3 Arapahoe Ave and Foothills Pkwy $1,939,000 Tier 2 Boulder Creek 4 Valmont Rd and 6151St to WWTP $12,356,000 Tier 2 Goose Creek 4 Pearl St, Valmont Rd and Mishal Rd $3,928,000 Tier 2 Gunbarrel 1 Boulder Supply Canal & Left Hand Ditch $1,116,000 Tier 2 Gunbarrel 2 Jay Rd and Boulder Supply Canal $939,000 Tier 2 South Boulder Creek 1 Baseline Rd and 55th St $733,000 TIER 2 TOTAL $22,664,000 TIER 3 TOTAL $2,296,000 TOTAL ALL PROJECTS TOTAL $29,937,000 1 Tier 3 costs represent approximately 13 localized improvement projects Collection System Operations and Maintenance The WWCSM13 project team reviewed the collection system operations and maintenance (O&M) procedures. The purpose of this O&M procedure was to review the current state of collection system O&M practices and evaluate potential increases in service levels due to trends in the regulatory environment in the western United States. In addition, the 2008 QualServe peer review program and self assessment survey evaluated the Utility's overall October 2009 32 r Wastewater Utility Master Plan performance, efficiency and customer service as well as maintaining industry best management practices. Both the QualServ program and the WWCSMP O&M review found that the Gravity System's Maintenance group operates and maintains the collection system such that it continues to provide a high level of service to its existing customers. In addition, the WWCSMP O&M review noted that the Utility has the framework in place to address the potential emerging regulations seen in the western United States. Both evaluations noted opportunities for improvement which are discussed in detail in their respective documents. In addition, both evaluations identified three common opportunities for improvement. These common improvement opportunities and potential implementation options (shown in italics) are summarized below: / Provide a computerized system that incorporates field collected data into the analysis and prioritization of line replacement or rehabilitation The Utilities Planning and Pr ject Management workgroap isgoing to implement a separate asset rrlanagement ystem for which Utilities Maintenance workgroup willprovide Utilities Maintenance and Management System (UMMS) data for inclusion in making replacement/re%abi/itation decisions. The field reports will be moiled to capture pipe and manhole condition, lhen the UMMS hill be modified to capture and sort by maintenance need priority in order to prioritise maintenance work / Upgrading CCTV equipment and adopt an industry standard defect coding system The Gravity System Maintenance workgrotp is currently in the process of acquiring Granite XP software in order to further evaluate, categoii.7f and characterize the conditions of the sewer mains. This system willprovide a more uniform analysis of the p pe conditions and provide a standardi,,;ed defect coding system. 1 Upgrade the UMMS to include geo-assigning of work orders f[ planned overhaul of the UMMS work order ystem includes tasks that will allow the utilities maintenance supervisors/ other staff to generate a work order for an asset by interactively selecting that asset from a GI. S mapping application. An additional outcome of implementing these recommendations will be that rate at which the collection system is cleaned can be optimized based on findings from the CCTV inspections and field collected data logged in the UMMS during cleaning operations. Collection System Rehabilitation Budgeting Boulder developed a methodology for determining the mileage and cost of the 20 year CIP for rehabilitating wastewater pipes and manholes. This methodology was based on spreadsheet model that characterized pipe failure as a function of time to assist in forecasting long-term budgetary needs for rehabilitation of sanitary sewer pipe. This analysis resulted in a recommendation for an annual manhole and sewer pipe rehabilitation budget of $850,000. October Z009 33 Wastewater Utility Master Plan , Boulder's rehabilitation methodology was reviewed by IIDR. This independent review noted that several funding scenarios are provided but the model does not identify the return on investment for each scenario. This makes it difficult to determine the most appropriate level of funding for Boulder. Also, the results of each model scenario are primarily driven by the useful life and failure interval assumptions. While the analysis does an excellent job in reviewing the impact of various assumptions for both useful life and failure interval, there is little emphasis placed on quantifying these assumptions based on actual field conditions experienced by Boulder. HDR recommends that Boulder consider developing a return on investment based funding scenario model. HDR also recommends that the existing conditions assessment data be leveraged to determine the useful life and failure interval of their pipes and manholes. In order to accomplish this, Boulder must first define what failure is for each asset classification. Then an analysis should be performed on the existing condition assessment data to determine how much remaining useful life each asset has before it reaches the failure threshold. hinally, this analysis should be leveraged to estimate the average useful life and the Wcibull parameters that define the shape of the curve. HDR also recommends that Boulder evaluate whether CIPP will be the only technique used to rehabilitate the system. If alternate techniques (e.g. replacement) are warranted in certain circumstances, it is recommended that the condition assessment review also incorporate a component which estimates the appropriate mix of approved techniques a'; s, based on pipe defects and other inspection results. This t` low, will provide a more accurate estimate of the system wide w;! 1 s.y cost of rehabilitation. Water Quality Strategic Plan The Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSl') addresses . , water quality policies and priorities for the city. Boulder r Creek and its tributaries are vital for providing drinking water, agricultural irrigation water, aquatic habitat, Water Quality and Environmental Services Group protect habitat and water qualify recreation, and power generation. Water quality within the creeks of Boulder determines the suitability of water for most of these uses. Water quality in the Boulder Creep Watershed is affected by natural factors such as geology, climate, and physiography, and human-caused factors, such as wastewater- effluent, October 2009 34 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Lgi R11 runoff from roads and urbanized areas, agricultural practices, atmospheric contaminants, and other sources. The relative effect of these factors on water quality has changed over time and will continue to shift as population and urbanization increase and more demands are placed on our water resources. The WQSP supports many of the principles and policies of the Boulder Vallcy Comprehensive Plan (BVCP). The WQSP is designed to fit within the broader framework of the BVCP, which provides the overall policy direction for planning decisions within the Boulder Valley. The BVCP also outlines the city's communitywide goals and provides a general statement on the community's desires for development and preservation in the Boulder Valley, including protection of water resources. Protection and improvement of water quality is specifically discussed in Section 4 of the 2005 BVCP. In Section 4.26 the BVCP states: "The city and county will protect, maintain and improve water quality within the Boulder Creels basin and Boulder Valley watersheds as a necessary component of existing ecosystems and as a critical resource for the human community." BVCP Section 4.27 states: "Water resource planning efforts will include such things as water quality master planning." The BVCP also outlines the city's environmental goals. When the BVCP was adopted in 2005, Boulder City Council established a goal of becoming a national environmental leader. City Council's water-related environmental priorities included promoting water conservation. City Council also aimed to strengthen water quality improvement efforts by protecting biodiversity and native ecosystems, by managing the city's water sources through a larger watershed approach, and by reducing pollution sources. The city must establish strong but achievable water quality goals to protect the environment and public health, and to address fixture water quality challenges. The WQES group developed goals for city adoption by first completing a comprehensive inventory of existing water quality goal statements found in the city's master plans, policies, and regulations, starting with the BVCP. The group also reviewed water quality regulatory compliance objectives. The goals support the city of Boulder, Utilities Division Mission Statement: Our Mission is to provide quality water services, as desired by The conimunio, in a 11lanner which emphasisescient manageigent of fiscal and natural resources, and protects human and environmental heallh. October 2009 35 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Li '`'r Water Quality Strategic Plan Implementation The WQSP has been developed, and will be implemented by, the City's Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) Group within the city of Boulder Public Works, Utilities Division. The WQES Group is funded through the city's Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater enterprise funds. The WQES group supports the Utilities Division water services and comprises seven programs: / Industrial Pretreatment / Water Conservation / Water Quality Planning Laboratory Services / Water Quality Education / Stormwater Quality 1 Drinking Water Quality ► The primary function of these programs is to protect water quality and ensure compliance with state and federal water quality regulations, such as the federal Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act. The WQES Group also provides water quality program management and serves as an in-house technical resource for the city's Utilities Division and other city departments. Services include monitoring the performance of wastewater treatment and drinking water treatment processes and monitoring the health of natural systems such as creeks and lakes. The WQES Group provides project management services to integrate water quality enhancement and compliance goals into planning efforts and city capital improvement projects. Water Quality Strategic Plan Goals The WQES group developed five goals and supporting statements which will be used to implement the WQSP. Goal 1. Provide safe and high-quality drinking water The city is required to provide drinking water that meets all state and federal requirements. Drinking water safety cannot be taken for granted. A number of potential threats to drinking water exist within the raw source water and within the treated water distribution system. Improperly disposed of chemicals, animal and human wastes, pesticides, naturally-occurring substances such as bacteria, and an improperly maintained distribution system all can contaminate drinking water and pose a health risk. To ensure the quality of drinking water, protection strategies must be implemented from "source to tap." Goal 2. Manage pollutants from wastewater and other point sources. The city is responsible for operating the 75th Street WWI'P and meeting Colorado Discharge Permit System (CDPS) permit requirements. Adequate wastewater treatrrient is October 2009 36 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Lai critical in protecting public health and the environment. Currently, the WWTP treats an average of 16 million gallons of wastewater per day and discharges treated wastewater into Boulder Creek. A number of smaller wastewater treatment systems, as well as individual septic systems, also discharge into the Boulder Creek Watershed. These include the Town of Nederland wastewater treatment plant, which discharges into Barker Reservoir, a source of drinking water for the city of Boulder. Goal 3. Manage pollutants from stormwater and other nonpoint sources. The city is required to implement programs required under the State of Colorado Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) discharge permit to protect the quality of stormwater, which is discharged into water bodies such as streams. In urban areas, stream and water quality degradation generally are related to development. Adding impervious areas such as roads, parking lots, and buildings to land that once had natural cover increases surface runoff and reduces groundwater infiltration, which damages natural stream hydrology and aquatic systems. Urban and agricultural runoff containing sediment, fertilizers, and pesticides means managing pollutants also can pose a threat to water quality. Protecting water quality from these diverse sources. Goal 4. Protect, preserve, and restore natural water systems. Natural water systems include riparian and wetlands habitat as well as stream flow. Intact riparian ecosystems provide ecological benefits, which play an important role in maintaining water quality, protecting aquatic life, and preserving the aesthetic, recreational, and economical value of the city's waterways. Goal 5. Conserve water resources. Conserving water is integral to protecting water quality. Water conservation practices can improve water quality by increasing the amount of water flowing in streams and reducing the amount of treated wastewater discharges. Water conservation also diminishes the need to find or construct new water sources. Water conserving landscaping can minimize irrigation runoff, reducing impacts to local streams. Meeting these five water quality goals will provide water quality protection, which means clean water to drink, clean streams and lakes to swim in, and healthy waterways that support fish and other wildlife. cdiober 2009 37 Wastewater Utility Master Plan L~i ' Water Quality Strategic Plan Recommendations Water Quality Strategic Plan Recommendations and Performance Measures are outlined in detail in the May 2009 Final WQSP document. A summary of the Recommendations and Performance Measures are as follows: / Recommendation 1: Evaluate and update policies in the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan to incorporate water quality goals. WQES staff will review and recommend updates to the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP) to ensure incorporation of water quality goals. The BVCP is scheduled to be updated in 2010. Performance Measure: Adoption of the five water quality goals into the BVCP in 2010. 0 Recommendation 2: Perform analysis of City plans, policies and projects to identify gaps in meeting water quality goals. WQES staff will review relevant plans, policies and projects, such as master plans, design and construction standards, and the Boulder Revised Code to: 1) ensure that the City complies with all state and federal laws and regulation on water quality and environmental protections; and, 2) to meet water quality goals. Performance Measure: Number of formal policy and master plans reviewed and updated to incorporate water quality goals; development of a matrix of water quality indicators and evaluation of plan review based on criteria. / Recommendation 3: Develop annual work plans and water quality reports. Each year the WQES group will identify and outline priorities to achieve the City's water quality goals and to document monitoring, community involvement, watershed management efforts and regulatory compliance. An annual water quality report will be developed detailing the progress on meeting water quality goals. The annual report will be based on specific objectives and water quality indicators, and will present water quality data collected by the WQES Group. Performance Measures: Development of a number of program work plans and the annual report. / Recommendation 4-: Prepare for future watei: quality regulations. The City will anticipate and prepare for future water quality regulations, ensure regulatory compliance, and incorporate capital improvement requirements in the October 2009 33 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Ldi ~'r'' City's budget planning process. The foundation of of water quality planning is forecasting future water quality criteria and permitting issues related to emerging water quality issues and new regulations. Performance Measures: Success in implementing a program to conduct special studies, track new and proposed regulations, and participate in rule-making activities. IPT Gaps, Deficiencies and Recommendations In addition to the ongoing responsibilities of the IPT Program, special studies and/or additional programs are necessary to further characterize industrial and commercial discharges to the city's sanitary sewer system sources, support compliance with WWII' discharge permit requirements and collect data and information in preparation for future regulatory requirements. The following programs or studies should be evaluated and modified or initiated as necessary. Fats, Oil and Grease Program One of the major causes of maintenance problems, blockages, and sanitary sewer overflows in Boulder's collection system is fat, oils and grease (FOG). Boulder addresses grease in the collection system through two programs: the sewer cleaning program and in the IPT program. The purpose of IPT program is to ensure that commercial and residential entities are not contributing pollutants to the system. One of the pollutants is grease or oil in levels that would impact the operation of Boulder's collection system. The IPT program does not have a formal FOG program. Boulder's FOG program is governed by municipal code regulation with specific section relating to fats, oils, and grease. This code establishes a threshold for dischargers of 100 milligrams per liter (mg/1), or requires a plumbing device for FOG for those who exceed the threshold. Currently the municipal code refers to the International Plumbing Code for the design criteria of grease removal equipment (GRE). The municipal code has minimal requirement for grease removal equipment cleaning, which is every b months or as needed. FOG producing facilities are not currently required to obtain permitting from Boulder. FOG producers are identified by Plannii-.g and Development Services (P&DS). When applying for permits, applicants fill out a Business Environmental Questionnaire. If the facility generates wastewater., they are required to fill out an industrial waste survey. Any October 2009 39 Wastewater Utility Master Plan LA ` applicant determined to exceed the above mentioned discharge threshold is required to install GRE. There is an existing plan check system for restaurants during the initiation phase. Design approval is performed by the Development Review group. During construction, inspection of the GRE is performed by the plumbing inspector. The FOG municipal code should be modified to require all new grease-producing facilities to install and maintain GRE. Any new facility or remodel of existing facilities that will have a kitchen, cooking equipment, or a food producing facility should contact Boulder to determine the need and size of the grease controlling device. Modifications should be made to the municipal code to allow for the development of a FOG program that can perform inspections and assess violations accordingly. Specific recommendations for the FOG program include: / Installation of Grease Removal Deviccs o The FOG municipal code should be modified to require all new grease-producing facilities to install and maintain GRE. o Modifications should be made to the municipal code to allow for the development of a FOG program that can perform inspections and assess violations accordingly. / FOG Inspection & Maintenance Program o Outline components of a typical FOG program: Ident database needs .fi Develop Building .Services /Planning interface Address problem areas in city (hot spots) - Ongoing compliance - quick toucb approach or spot check with pass /fail evaluation and then comprebensive follow up as needed o Boulder should perform a business case for investment in a FOG prevention program. Development of a formal inspection program should be considered to be included in their FOG ordinance. o Boulder should identify all of the food service establishments that would require grease removal equipment. There is a database that currently lcceps this data, but it is incomplete, o Boulder should develop a policy on how to handle existing food service establishments that do not have GREs. Additionally, the FOG paograin needs to worl: with P&DS to ensure that all new food establishments are entered into the database. Industrial Waste Survey Consider initiating a comprehensive industrial waste survey. Due to the growth in Boulder it may he useful to consider a "full sweep" of the non-domestic users. The goal would be to identify facilities that need to he further- regulated. October- 2009 40 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Ldi Business Inventory Mailing As time permits staff will send out business questionnaires to determine if targeted businesses continue to be non-significant, and /or as new businesses are identified, information will be gathered to determine the nature of operations. WEL. Program Gaps, Deficiencies and Recommendations 7n addition to the ongoing responsibilities of the WEI'_, Program, special studies and/or additional programs are necessary to further characterize WWTP performance, characterize water quality conditions in Boulder Creek and provide compliance support for State and Federal regulations. It is recommended that the following programs or studies should be evaluated and modified or initiated as necessary. Evaluate Laboratory Size and Function The city last expanded the WEL footprint in 1990. As the demands on the laboratory services increase so do the demands on the counter space. The following laboratory recommendations were identified: / Perform Business Case Evaluation on the Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program o Review standard laboratory spacc needs ranging from laboratory layout to WWTP program needs served by the WEL. o Review existing laboratory assets (current equipment, future equipment needs, laboratory benches, hoods and other structures, etc.), develop value and life of assets, develop needed investment plan to maintain assets, and compare to existing WEL budget. o Perform Cost Benefit Analysis of maintaining current and future WEL Program operations versus contracting all or part of the WET. Program operations. o Review long-term needs of all WQES staff located at the 75th St WWTP for office space, storage and staging areas. o Review the exhaust air system of the Instrumentation Room. o Review the feasibility of adding organics analysis to the laboratory duties including staffing, budget and capitol costs for instruments and square footage. o Review a replacement schedule and costs for the ICP, ICPMS and the GFAA instruments. October 2009 41 Yll Wastewater Utility Master Plan Near-Term Capital Improvements The WEL laboratory area is 20 years old and has had very :few improvements made over the 20 year period. Capital improvements, including upgrades to laboratory area and analytical equipment replacement, have been identified and need to be implemented within the next two years (2010 through 2011). These improvements are as follows: ► 2010 Capital Improvements o Laboratory Area Upgrades: painting; window repair, chemical storage area upgrade; ceiling file and ceiling light replacement; laboratory sink replacement/ repair (4 sinks total) o Laboratoryy Equipment Replacement: laboratory stools (6 total); dish carts (2 total); spectrophotometer; dishwasher 1 2011 Capital Improvements o Laboratory Equipment Replacement: top loader scale (2 total); analytical balance; autoclave; muffle furnace Octol)er 2009 ? Wastewater Utility Master Plan (INVESTMENT PROGRAM Investment Strategy The city's investment strategy focuses on a combination of maintaining and operating the existing wastewater treatment and conveyance facilities, and constructing new facilities to meet ongoing State and Federal discharge permit regulations. This strategy serves the Utility's three primary goals to: ► Protect Public Health and Safety ► Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment ► Maximize the use of the Wastewater Utility's Funds Wastewater Utility CIP The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) includes a comprehensive list of Wastewater Utility projects to be completed during the 20-year planning period. These include wastewater treatment plant capital and maintenance related projects, as well as wastewater collection system capital and maintenance related projects. The 2010-2030 Wastewater Utility Fund CIP has numerous line items identifying various projects for the WWTP and the sanitary sewer collection system. The significant CIP expenditures and Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP) funding fall into the following categories: / WWTP Capital Projects ► WWTP Rehabilitation Projects ► WWCS Rehabilitation Projects 1 WQSP Funding WWTP Capital Projects There are five (5) significant WWTP capital projects currently identified in the 20-yr CIP. The total cost of these projects (in 2008 dollars) is estimated at $40,000,000. These projects, their estimated cost, and their projected timing arc listed below: 0 LTV Disinfection - $4,400,000 - 2010 0 Digesters Modifications - $4,000,000 - 2010 0 Hcadworks Improvements - $12,300,000 - 2016 / Phase 2 Improvements (Denitrification & Phosphorus removal) - $15,000,000 - 2020 0 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC's) removal - $19,000,000 - 2030 October 2009 43 Wastewater Utility Master Plan Utilities staff is currently completing a WWTP Evaluation project which is an analysis of the UV Disinfection, Digester Modifications, and Headworks Improvements projects. This analysis will present several process alternatives for the various facilities, their respective estimated costs, and will provide a recommendation regarding their overall priority. WWTP Rehabilitation Projects In addition to the WWTP capital projects listed above, there are numerous WWTP rehabilitation projects identified in the CIP to address the plant's aging infrastructure. These projects are listed in the CIP in years 2016 through 2030, and have a combined cost (in 2008 dollars) of $8,500,000. Utilities staff will continue to review the WWTP Rehabilitation analysis annually to identify the correct timing for the various rehabilitation projects within the 6-year CIP. WWCS Rehabilitation Projects Lastly, there are numerous wastewater collection system improvement projects currently identified in the 20-yr CIP. These projects were identified in the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan which was accepted by the WRA.B in December 2008. The CIP currently lists four (4) Tier 1 projects (highest priority) and seven (7) Tier 2 projects (second highest priority). The total cost (in 2008 dollars) for these eleven projects is estimated at $28,000,000. The Tier 1 and Tier 2 project groups are listed below with their estimated cost and projecting timing: / Tier 1 Projects - $5,000,000 - 2016 through 2021 ► Tier 2 Projects - $23,000,000 - 2021 through 2030 WQSP Funding The Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP) is implemented by the Water Quality and Environmental Services (WQES) Group. This include recommendations associated with the Water Quality Strategic Plan, Industrial Pretreatment Program and Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program. These recommendations provide a strategy that focuses on maintaining and operating existing programs and planning for future regulations and their implications on City regulatory requirements. The WQSP elements, including Industrial Pretreatment, Wastewater Environmental Laboratory and associated capital projects, are currently being approached in the following oc:ub; r 2009 Wastewater Utility Master Plan r2' funding manor. It should be noted that this clement of the WWUMP plan is more of an opportunistic program such that if funds are available, some recommendations can be moved forward as described in the Action Plan recommendations within the WQSP document. D WQSP Recommendations o Requires a $50,000 one-time investment, a $94,000 on-going adjustment to base, and an additional 1.0 hTE. b Industrial Pretreatment Program o Requires a $30,000 one-time investment. D Wastewater and Environmental Laboratory Program o Requires a $30,000 one-time investment and $30,000 ongoing adjustment to base plus 0.5 I,TE D Near Tcrin Capital Improvements o Requires a $196,000 one-time investment plus an ongoing $124,000 adjustment to base and an additional 1.5 FTE Investment Program Options The WWUMP presents three Utility investment programs based on different levels of funding including the following 1 Fiscally Constrained Plan / Action Plan / Vision Plan These programs implement the policy direction of the WWUMP at the three funding levels. Fiscally Constrained Plan The Hscally Constrained Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes a Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of two percent (2%) in 2010, and a three percent (3%) annual increase in years 2011 through 2030. The 3% increase rate is based on an assumed average annual rate of inflation. Under the Fiscally Constrained program, there are numerous programs and projects which would be either eliminated or have reduced funding. These include the following: 1 Either the UV Disinfection or the Digester Modifications project (both scheduled for construction in 2010) would need to be eliminated from the 20-year CIP / The 2016 Headworks Improvements project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP October 2009 45 Wastewater Utility Master Plan / The 2020 Phase 2 Improvements project (Nutrient Removal) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address CDPHE permit issues / The 2030 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC) removal project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address CDPHE permit issues / The WWTP Rehabilitation funding would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP / The Wastewater Collection System Replacement projects (Tier 1 and Tier 2) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP / The Sanitary Sewer System Rehabilitation funding would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP ► Future budget supplemcntals would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP Action Plan The Action Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes an annual Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of four percent (4%) in years 2016 through 2030, with the following exceptions. The Action Plan will follow the recommended 6-year (2010-2015) CIP which includes the following rate increases: 2010-2%, 2011-2012=3%, 2013=4%, and 2014 to 2015=6%. There is one period of increased funding which is necessary to maintain a positive fiend balance in 2030. Two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) of nine percent (9%) rate increases would be required to fund the Nutrient Removal project. Under the Action Plan, there are a few programs and projects which would be either eliminated or have reduced funding. These include the following: / The 2030 Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDC) removal project would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP o This project would likely be required to address CDPHE permit issues ► The Wastewater Collection System Replacement projects (Tier 2) would be eliminated from the 20-year CIP Vision Plan The Vision Program reflects an investment strategy which assumes an annual Wastewater Utility Fund rate increase of four percent (4%o) in years 2010 through 2030 with the following exceptions. There are three periods of increased funding necessary to maintain a positive fund balance in 2030. Two consecutive years (2014 and 2015) of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fund the Headworks Improvements project. Two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fund the Nutrient removal Improvements project. Two consecutive years (2029 and 2030) CcLober 2009 G Wastewater Utility Master Plan 11`r'` of eight percent (8%) rate increases would be required to fund the EDC removal project. Under the Vision Plan, there are no programs that would have reduced funding. Levels of Service The three investment program options listed above will involve some combination of providing essential, desirable, and discretionary services. These are defined below. Essential Services - include the operation, maintenance and administration of existing systems that ensure highly reliable wastewater treatment/ delivery in a manner that meets federal and state regulatory criteria or industry standard levels of best practice. These services ensure that customers and employees are in a safe environment, that a basic "customer care" service standard (ie responsiveness, financial or permits) is provided with minimal disruptions. Maintaining quality of life is addressed as a result of these, services. These services ensure the health and safety of people and property and collect sufficient funds to maintain these services. Desirable Services - include the expansion of wastewater treatment and delivery systems that are intended to respond to impacts of future growth or development, meet federal or state goals, or which support city council adopted goals and values. These services might enhance quality of life by providing a higher level of service or ability to access information than is routinely provided by regulatory criteria or industry standards. Discretionary Services - include enhancements of wastewater treatment or delivery systems that, while not necessary for others to perform their business, do provide added value. These services may provide information to the industry for analysis and comparisons in order to develop future regulations, or may include another way for customers to access information. These services may provide a special convenience to a small number of customers Investment Program Recommendations It is recommended that the City proceed with the Action Plan identified above. The Action Plan will ensure that both critical capital and rehabilitation projects continue to be funded adequately through the 24-year CIP planning period. Octob{or .'_009 47 Attachment 13 8. Wastewater Utility Master Flan Summary Background Information Boulder's wastewater collection system and the 75"' Street wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) serve residences and businesses within the 26 sq. mile Wastewater Utility Service Area (WUSA). Areas outside the WUSA boundary are served by other utility districts or septic systems. Boulder's wastewater collection system currently serves a population of approximately 110,000 people and 101,000 employees associated with commercial and industrial business. Projected growth is anticipated to occur primarily through in-fill and redevelopment projects resulting in an estimated 128,000 people and 156,000 employees within the WUSA. All domestic and industrial wastewater generated within the city of Boulder is processed at the WWTP. Septic wastes, hauled to the facility by private haulers, are also processed at the facility. Treated liquid effluent, which meets numerous Colorado Discharge Permit System (CDPS) parameters, is discharged to Boulder Creek. Anaerobically digested sludge generated at the wastewater treatment plant is hauled away and land applied to farmland. The WWTP was upgraded in 2008 to meet future wastewater treatment capacity demands and new ammonia-nitrogen limits that were incorporated in the CDPS permit. The upgrades included improvements to both the liquid stream treatment and solids dewatering processes. The current treatment capacity is 25.0 million gallons per day (mgd) on a maximum month basis which provides adequate capacity to meet population growth past 2025. The current average annual flow rate is approximately 15 mgd. The solids dewatering process improvements increased the solids concentration thereby greatly reducing the volume of dewatered solids that must be transported from the WWTP site. Utilities staff recently completed a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Evaluation which provided recommendations for facility improvements to three key plant process areas. These improvements, which are scheduled for 2010-2011, will include a new UV disinfection system, anaerobic digester improvements, and headworks facility improvements. The UV disinfection system will replace the existing gas chlorine and sulfur dioxide systems. The anaerobic digestion improvements will provide a new pump mixing system. The headworks facility improvements will provide greater redundancy, reliability, and longevity for several aging process components. Wastewater Utility Master Plan The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (W WUMP) is the overarching planning document that is intended to present key issues, programs, projects and associated budgets for the collection system, wastewater treatment plant and water quality programs. The WWUMP is supported by three primary planning documents for the Wastewater Utility: the Wastewater Collection System Master Plan (WWCSMP), the Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan (WWTPMP), and the Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP). The WWTPMP was accepted by the Water Resources Advisory Board (WRAB) in June 2007. The W WCSMP was accepted by the WRAB in December 2008. The WASP was accepted by the WRAB in April 2009. The mission of the Utilities Division is to provide quality water services, as desired by the community, in a manner which emphasizes efficient management of fiscal and natural resources, and protects human and environmental health. In general, the planning process for the Wastewater Utility focuses on identifying opportunities that continue the high level of service provided to its customers and evaluating the associated cost of the opportunities. The opportunities and recommendations resulting from the planning process take the fonn of capital construction projects; system rehabilitation and repair projects; preparing systems and operational processes that anticipate future regulations; and evaluating staffing needs. Wastewater and water quality plamling projects, such as the WWTPMP, WWCSMP, and WQSP arc the primary tools that provide the detailed analysis that result in the opportunities and recommendations contained within the WWUMP. A series of guiding principles, policies and implementation measures were used to define the planning process for the Utility. The guiding principles for the WWUMP are based on Boulder's planning approach to community sustainability through evaluating social, environmental, and economic impacts associated with various program and projects within the city. Specifically, the guiding three principles for the W W UMP are: e Protect Public Health and Safety a Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment o Maximize the use of the Wastewater Utility's Funds The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) includes a comprehensive list of Wastewater Utility projects to be completed during the 20-year planning period. These include wastewater treatment plant capital and maintenance related projects, as well as wastewater collection system capital and maintenance related projects. The 2010-2030 Wastewater Utility Fund CIP has numerous line items identifying various projects for the WWTP and the sanitary sewer collection system. The sigiuficant CIP expenditures fall into the following three categories: WWTP Capital Projects o WWTP Rehabilitation Projects o WWCS Rehabilitation Projects These CIP projects have been identified for both the wastewater collection system and the WWTP to ensure that the Wastewater Utility is able meet the guiding principles listed above. Future Service Projections and Programs The wastewater collection system and the WWTP have adequate capacity to meet the City's projected growth and associated development for the projected buildout period. The current treatment capacity is 25.0 million gallons per day (mgd) on a maximum month basis which provides adequate capacity to meet population growth past 2025. The current average annual flow rate is approximately 15 mgd. The WWTP liquid stream improvements project provided adequate treatment of the city's wastewater through the year 2025, provided the current discharge permit and land use regulations do not change substantially. The City is currently in the process of renegotiating new effluent discharge limits (specifically ammonia) with the Colorado Department of Public health and Environment (CDPHE). These anticipated limits for nutrient removal will require the city to further improve the treatment process. The 20-year CIP includes various CDPHE permit driven projects in an effort to anticipate the changing needs and requirements of the wastewater treatment industry. More information on Boulder's Wastewater Treatment operations can be found on the Web at: http://www. b oulderwater. net ATTACHMENT(' CITY OF BOULDER, COLORADO BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS MEETING SUMMARY FORM NAME OF BOARD/COMMISSION: Water Resources Advisory Board DATE OF MEETING: May 15, 2009 NAME/TELEPHONE OF PERSON PREPARING SUMMARY: Suzanne Lieberman, 303-441-3260 NAMES OF MEMBERS, COUNCIL, STAFF, AND INVITED GUESTS PRESENT: BOARD MEMBERS -Robin Byers,, Kelly DiNatale, William DeOreo, Susan lott, Chuck i Iowe STAFF- Ned Williams; Bob llarbcr<g; Douglas Sullivan, Erin Kiiltzle, Joanna Crean; Bret Linenfelser: Kurt Bauer, Suzanne Lieherman - Secretary. WHAT TYPE OF MEETING (BOLD ONE) )REGULAR) [SPECIAL] [QUASI-JUDICIAL] A(;enda Item I - Call to Order The meeting was called to order at 7:01 p.m. Agenda Item 2 - Mectinb Minutes -April 20, 2009. []ott arrives at 7:04 P.M. Motion: Howe - Move to approve April 20, 2009 minutes as amended. Seconded: lott Vote: 4-0 in favor, Motion passed. IDiNatale not yet present] Agenda Item 3 - Public Participation and Comment. 17:06 P.M.) Water budget rates. Adamski: Asked about triggers for increasing water rates during drought at April meeting; more interested in getting information on when rates wit] be decreased as projected storage indexes increase, versus when rates are increased when rations decrease. Williams: If no drought, rates stay at same level as what council has approved; even if increased snowpack, water rates and rations stay where they are. If water supply becomes extremely abundant, rates do not decrease. Adamski: As projected storage increases beyond 0.4, not a document or policy on rate changes reflecting this? Williams: Drought Response Plan describes moving into different drought stages; price of water and water budgets not included in current Drought Response Plan; staff and WRAB working on including this; staff can't impose rates without council action. Presumably, as city moves away from a more severe drought, would return to pre-drought conditions. Adamski: But no policy that currently states this? DeOrco: Two ways rates get adjusted during a drought: 1. adjustment of rates for revenue stability; 2. application of drought surcharges to enforce water restrictions, but tl2 not yet decided. Adamski: So no policy exists on reducing rates when supply high again? Lott: Understanding is that rates return to what they were prior to drought in terms of council-approved rates. Williams: When there is no drought, no surcharge, and this is in city code. Byers: The policy is apparently in the code. loll: Can we get a copy of the policy in the code? Byers: E- mail or send Adamski the reference to the policy in the code. Adamski: 'Has additional public comment items. )Board agrees to extend public continent time for Mr. Adamski.] Issue of utilities workgroups exceeding budget. Adamski: Allowing workgroups to exceed their budgets for consecutive three years is irresponsible [referencing, "Feedback on Peer Review Costs for 2010 Budget Development," April 20 WRAB meeting]. How does staff respond when a workgroup goes over budget? Williams: Doesn't recall saying that workgroups are allowed to go over budget for three consecutive years, but that it can happen and that rationales for exceeding budget are reviewed-, sometimes over budget because more water- or sewer- main breaks than anticipated, other times, poor management of budgets or unanticipated costs; so there is not a rule about penalties when exceeding budget. Adamski: Three consecutive yearsjust does not seem fair. Questions on water rates during drought periods. Adamski: [Referencing memo Williams supplied to WRAB March 25, 2009 and supplied to Adamski April 20, 2009 ] "A 9% water rate increase was effective on January 1, 2002. A 3% water rate increase was effective on January 1, 2003. There was no rate increase in January 2004, though there was a mid-year adjustment in residential/block 4 (decrease) and CII/btock 2 and 3 (increase) so that beginning in June 2004, all customer classes and rates were back to nonnal." Adamski: Consulted federal inflation rates for that time period: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2002: 1.59%, inflation rate versus a 9% Boulder water rate increase; 2003: 2.27 versus a 3% Boulder water WRAB Sumnrarv May 18, 2009 Page No. I i Y rate increase; 2004: 2.69% with no Boulder water rate increase; so Boulder water rate increases total 183%of federally-indexed inflation. City appears to be keeping up with inflation. Howe. Consumer Price Index is not the relevant index; have to look at engineering news record, consti oction cost index, etc. Adamski.: Was not aware of this because DeOreo discussed rate of inflation at a previous meeting. DeOrco: Didn't mean to imply rate increases only meant keeping up with inflation, particularly in terms of operating costs. Adamski: But city also has a big budget suthlus. DcOrco: We will be discussing this later in the agenda. lott: So what indices does the city use for adjusting for inflation? Williams: Several: construction, labor costs, etc. Procedure for scheduling a WRAB agenda item. Adamski: 1 low does public get an item on the agenda? Williams: Attend WRA13 meeting;, e-mail, write a letter, call; agenda item moves through WRAB or other board and then to city council. Adamski: Draft presentation of drought plan but no public comment period at the previous WRAB meeting. Byers. Probably not correct. Adamski: My mistake. Byers: We want to hear from people: call, c-mail or write a letter. Agenda Item 4 17:24 P.M.1 Matters from Board - • Flood mitigation. DeOreo: Thanks to staff for answering his questions on flood mitigation plan. Still planning to talk about this at a firture meeting? Williams: For the board to decide if they want to schedule it as a future agenda item. Ilarberg: Kurt Bauer is the new city flood engineer who prepared answers to DeOrco's questions in the memo; will take the lead on emergency flood response issues for utilities. Matters from Staff - • Memo on status of Boulder water supply. Williams: Sent out memo to WRAB; city not calling for any drought stage or levels this year. • Updated Benchmarking Report. Williams: Provided in the packet as an information item. Howe: Such a report a very valuable tool for utilities. Chaired National Research Council Committee on Privatization of Urban Water Utilities. Under the threat of privatization, many utilities have turned to more efficient budgeting processes, with many turning to benchmarking to measure their own progress. Byers: Would like WRAB to consider the study as an agenda item; extremely useful document. Harberg: Information in report based on 2003 data so it is very current; staff wants to continue to do this every year (has already done it four years). AWWA (American Water Works Association) compiled a 2007 report that updated the previous Benchmarking report. DeOreo: Why have complaints in water taste and odor increased (page 2 of report). Harberg: Boulder Reservoir issues at the end of the year. Linenfetser: Issues with Betasso, too; calls also coming in to various city locations, and staff is attempting to consolidate these more; this might be affecting whether drinking water personnel receive all relevant calls. DeOreo: Rationale for huge gap between actual expenditures and theoretical investments? Harberg: Last year city based theoretical investment numbers on replacement schedule of one percent per year for 75-100 year pipeline life; recent studies indicate that the theoretical investments might be much lower than what is indicated in the Benchmarking report. Iott: Same numbers here as in C111? Ilarberg: Yes, page S. Most cities not able to keep up with theoretical investments but Boulder is well above average in most cases on system replacement already. Howe: EPA's and AWWA's estimates of maintenance backlog of urban water infrastructure are substantial. Iott: For items where 2003 is above average, does city use that information to bring numbers back to average? Harberg: Only in terns of replacement-renewal rate. Howe: impressed with city's management of effluent for copper exceedences. • Update on Boulder Feeder Canal outfall diversion project. Williams: Per DiNatale's request, staff has provided a written update on this project. WTZAB Summary May 13, 2009 Page No. 2 Agenda Item S - Final Recommendation on Wastewater Utility Master Plan. Sullivan gave the presentation. The Wastewater Utility Master Plan (WWUMP) is an overarching document that is intended to present key issues, programs, projects, and associated budgets for tile City's Wastewater Utility including the collection system, wastewater treatment plant, and associated water •tjnality and support programs. The WWUMP is supported by three primary planning documents for the W'Istewater Utility: Wastewater Collection System Master Plan (WWCSMP), Wastewater Treatment Plant Master Plan (WWTPMP), and the Water Quality Strategic Plan (WQSP). The mission of the Utilities Division is to provide quality water services, as desire([ by the community, in a Manlier which emphasiMS efficient management of fiscal and natural resources, and protects human and environmental health. In general, the planning process for the Wastewater Utility focuses on identifying opportunities that continue the high level of service provided to its customers and evaluating the associated oust of the opportunities. The opportunities and recommendations resulting fi-om the planning process take the tixm ol*capital construction projects; system rehabilitation and repair prpjects; preparing systems and operational processes that anticipate future regulations; and evaluating staffing needs. Wastewater and water quality planning projects, such as the WWTPMP, WWCSMP, and WQSP are the primary tools that provide the detailed analysis that result in the opportunities and recommendations contained within the WWUMP. A series of guiding principles, policies and implementation measures were used to define the planning process for the Utility. The guiding principles for the WWUMP are based on Boulder's planning approach to community sustainability through evaluating social, environmental and economic impacts associated with various programs and projects within the city. Specifically, the three guiding principles for the WWUMP are: • Protect Public [Health and Safety • Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment • Maximize the use of the Wastewater Utility's Funds in general, the policies that support the guiding principles noted above are defined by the Boulder Revised Code (BRC) and the Boulder Valley Comprehensive Plan (BVCP). The WWTPMP, WWCSMP and the WQSP provide the implementation measures by defining planning elements, requirements, recommendations, and, where applicable, identify capital improvement projects. WRAB discussion and feedback included: Whether Eyeon PV (photovoltaic) project scaled for using some power for UV disinfection or just for current use: 15%. Staff will return to WRAB with response on whether UV disinfection would acid 15% to city's power requirements; confirmation that project is coaxed out in teens of wetlands and prairie dogs (city using 5.5 acres). Whether finance people aggressively regularly refinance, given strong city bond ratings: yes, not daily, but often, based on formulae; whether rate increases are permanent: yes. Whether the data reflect value engineering solutions: yes, city is not truly capacity-limited. Whether the digester versus UV disinfection is more critical: UV, in teams of safety, but mixing component of digester also very important. Discussion on age and technological capabilities of digester component; questions about chlorine leaks: a few, quickly responded to. Clarifieations: Explanation of "headworks": physical removal of solids before biological and chemical removal; significant wear on equipment otherwise. UV disinfection more about safety or economics? Safety; UV disinfection is highly energy-intensive. Clarifications on differences between fiscally- constrained plan, action plan, and vision plan. Questions on industrial pretreatment program (page 21): city has looked at industrial flows for thirteen (13) permitted industries (page 21) but has no inspection power; industrial survey currently identifying potential unregulated users in Boulder, beyond the thirteen, that could represent significant industrial flows, which could be potentially subject to future regulation. Clarifications on how options can or cannot be reconciled with current state and federal standards. Staff not asking WRAB to pick among the scenarios, but to approve the overall plan. Public Comment (Adantski): I low is 9% handled in CIP for wastewater: a TABOR issue? Williams: Rate increases for the utilities and bond issuances are council action; the utility itself is not a TABOR-restricted fund so council action does not go to a referendum or vote of the public like a sales tax referendum. Adamski: So if city wants to take on $50 million dollars in debt, they don't need to ask voters for those fi.uud? Williams: That's correct fbr the utility fiends, but not for other types of debt. Byers: The city is a water activity enterprise under "I'ABOR so rate issues do not go to the ratepayers, but to council. WRAL3 Summary May 18, 2009 Page No_ 3 I [8:32 P.M.] Discussion on recommendation: lott and l ]owe think action plan is justified by large infrastructure needs. DeOreo would like the report to include a better way to summarize the data, e.g. pie chart on debt service; supports action plan or vision plan; concerns about energy-intensive operations: will start to be addressed through an energy audit in 2009. Byers's theoretical support for fiscally-constrained option but practical support for action plan; concerns with "big-ticket" items like endocrine disruptors. [DiNalale arrives at 8:37 P.M.] Motion (DeOreo): Move that TAB accept the Wastewater Utility Master Plan. Seconded: Howe Vote: 5-0 in favor, Motion passed. Agenda Item t - Update on preliminary 2010 Budget and 2010-2015 CIP. 18:50 PMJ Williams and Harberg gave the presentation. As part of the city's annual budget process, Utilities develops a six-year planning budget, this year for the time period o[201 0 through 2015. Utilities staff has fornntlated revenue and expenditure projections for each of the three utility funds through the year 2015. Within the budget process Council approves and appropriates fluids only for the first year, 2010. This packet contains information concerning the Preliminary 2010 Utilities Budget and the 2010-2015 Utilities Capital Improvement Program (CIP). The attached fiend financials (Attachment A - Water Utility, Attachment B - Wastewater Utility and Attachment C -Stor nwater / Flood Management Utility) reflect actual revenues and expenditures for 2008, updated revenue projections/rate increases for the planning period (this includes the phased-in implementation of the adopted Plant Investment Fees), updated CIP and any proposed budget supplementals (additions to the current budget). The operating budget (i.e. personnel costs, chemicals, energy, etc.) and transfers will be updated and incorporated into the fitnd financials later in May after the city's budget guidelines have been distributed. At the May 18, 2009 WRAB meeting, staff will ask WRAB for input and feedback on the preliminary 2010 budget and 2010-2015 CIP. Staff will return to the Board on June 15th for further discussion and to solicit a recommendation to Planning Board and City Council concerning the proposed 2010 Utilities Division budget and 2010-2015 CIP. WRAB discussion and feedback included: Whether PIFs can legally be used for operating expenses if revenues down: probably not; idea of slowing down some of the capital improvements versus increasing rates. Questions about how deficits covered: utility can continue to accumulate surpluses over a long period of time, but also have to have a balanced budget, can't nun a deficit; clarifications on distinctions between different reserve fiends. Rationale for choosing 25% as the proportion to keep in operating reserves: set on industry standards and recommendations from bond-rating agencies. City finance department makes decisions line by line about whether reserves will accumulate interest and whether they will be invested short- or long- term; why some funds versus others do not accumulate interest. Request for a summary from staff on how Boulder will use Windy Gap water if not part of the Finning Project. The extent to which certain items in the Peer Review recommendations are outsourced: combination of staff and consultants, with periodic inspections contracted out; Peer Review integrated with the budget. Carter Lake funding not included in this planning period unless staff gets additional federal funds, but could be part of capital reserve. Questions on remaining bonding capacity: as given in benchmarking study, significantly lowered debt ratio. Questions on annexation issues, including which enclaves are responsible for paying Boulder PIFs: Gapter: all except stonnwater PlFs; Crestview: likely all but stormwater PIFs. Discussion on county's role in flood mitigation for city - not really proactive. Questions on flood capacity issues for Goose Creek Basin. Discussion on charging users for hazardous household waste: still an option, but better to initially provide the service to customers free of charge. Discussion on costs of using water monitors as tools to manage water within the water budgets. Currently $100 for water meters per account, so monitors at $50 each would add $ 1.5 million: currently $10,000 in the budget for monitors. WRAB Summary May 18, 2009 Page No. 4 Clarifications: Line itew 42, Attachment C-"2, Transportation Coordination: explanation Tor why utility ratepayers pay for it: many utility components in transportation projects, with stormwater often a lame component. Allows utilities to stay aliead of the curve by taking advantage of upgrades, economics of scale. Clarification of Line 63, Attachment C-1: funds appropriated not spent or encumbered as of end of 2005; funds not spent on capital projects carried over. Staff obligated to have council consider zero percent rate increases for water, wastewater, and stormwater. [9:56 P.M.] Public Comment - Rate increases (Adamski): Rate increases don't make sense if considering inflation data, which was negative for 2009 (inflationdata.coin). Thought Broadway reconstruction project was fully funded through federal government and city sales taxes; didn't realize lie was also paying for Broadway reconstruction project. Sullivan: Yes, transportation proiects can include utilities components and utilities pays for those components (water, sewer, storm). Adamski: Page 4, Option C: zero percent rate increases across the board, yielding 5900,000 deficit. If utilities is running a S48.5 - S53.28 million surplus, Why couldn't staff take 5900,000 out of the. surplus instead of charging ratepayers'? Williams: Sounds like you're including reserves in the surplus. Lott: Request for staff to explain how stn-pluscs get spent down over time. Williams: Reserves all need to be subtracted from the Rind balance (line 84 in fund financials), so they're not really surplus; always have to account for designated reserves each year that come out of fund balance when developing a fund financial that doesn't result in an ongoing deficit. DeOreo: Which criteria to use for future capital projects for emergencies (line 90)? Williams: Not intended for emergencies but WRAB suggested that city should accumulate savings to cash finance major projects like the Carter Lake Pipeline to prevent major rate increases. Capital projects reserves as one way to have a savings account; build up cash to appropriate for large future capital projects, or try to do it within the C1P. Adamski: Still don't understand how city would face hardship without rate increases. Williams: Would reduce budget by same amount, $900,000 per year, unless expenditures reduced. Adamski: Problem with reducing expenditures? lott: City cannot keep infrastructure intact without capital improvements. Public Comment - issue of utilities workgroups exceeding budget (Adamski): Mechanism to ensure workgroups not exceeding budget three consecutive years. Byers: Already addressed in Public Comment period earlier in agenda. Discussion on preferred options: Staff will return in June with budget and UP for final WRAB recommendation. DeOreo: 5% water; 2% wastewater, 2% stormwater, Option A. DiNatale: Given: economy, 4% water; 2% wastewater; 2% stomtwater. Howe: No strong opinion; water underpriced under any scenario. Consumers also only care about total monthly bill, not breakdowns. lott: 1% wastewater and 1% stormwater possible? Williams: Yes. Byers: 4% water; I % wastewater; 1% stomtwater. Ratepayers tired of incessant increases if they don't see bang for buck. Request to have staff supply budget information in an Excel sheet. Agenda item 7 - Discussion of 2009 WRAB Retreat. [10:35 P.M.] Williams: Scheduled Monday, June 1 in the 13`x' Street Conference Room. Howe: Aurora study discussed at retreat? Crean: Staff was planning to incorporate paper into drought response item at regular June WRAB meeting. DeOreo: Purpose of retreat is for WRA13 to discuss its goals. Iott: Also about strategy and figuring out what WRAB can and cannot accomplish. Byers: Food: family-style from Noodles and then everyone to bring an appetizer, salad, or dessert. DiNatale: Have Secretary also bring flipcharts, materials, etc. Agenda Item 8 - Discussion on future schedule. 110:42 P.M.] Williams: hute scheduled items: final recommendation on budget, tentatively, flood management and critica[ facilities ordinance; draft CEAP for Carter Lake Pipeline. Decision to postpone discussion of next round of changes to Drought Response Plan to July WRAB meeting, pending availability of Carol Idlinghouse, with the final recommendation in August or September. DeOreo: ICI study? Williams: Nothing being done on this. Agenda Item 9-Adjournment Motion: Motion to adjourn by lott. Seconded by: DiNatale. 'WRAB Summary May 18, 2009 Page No. 5 Vote: 5-0 in faenr, passed. llcetinr; adjourned at 10:50 PNI. Date. Time, and Location of Nt:-%t Niveting: - 1'hL next WRAB meeting will be Ad6nday, June 15 - 7 p.m, regular meetm& at the l3°i Amet Cun &cwe (Zoom. unless oihcrevise deckled b y stall and the board, 'these are sunumry minutes. Audio tapes Or full record arc available through C'entrnl Records or on the WRAB web site. ivlintre;s appruved by: Date: MMAB Snmm ry May 18, 2009 Page No. 6 ATTACHMENT D Wastewater Utility Master Plan - Applicable BVCP Policies Wastewater Utility Principle #R - Protect Public 13ealth and Safety 1.02 Principles of Environmental Sustainability. There are limits to the capacity of the biosphere to support the 1 ife of human beings at current levels of consumption and pollution. There are limits to the land and soil available for food production, to available water, to resources such as trees, fish and wildlife, to industrial resources like oil and metals, and to the ability of nature to absorb our waste. With this in mind, the city and county acknowledge the importance of natural capital, which can be kept at healthy levels for the long term only when we are able to do the following: a) Renewable resources should not be used faster than they are recharged or replenished by the environment. b) Non-renewable resources should be used with the greatest care and efficiency, and some of those should be used to develop renewable replacements. c) Waste should not be dumped into nature any faster than nature can absorb it. 4.03 City Leadership in Resource Conservation. The city government will serve as an example by continuing to improve resource conservation practices in all city operations. The city will integrate environmental impact considerations in decision making for all city services, processes and facilities. The city organization will comply fully with environmental laws and regulations and implement programs and procedures to strengthen compliance. Strict compliance with environmental standards will be a key factor in employee training, performance review and program evaluation. Emphasis will be placed on periodic monitoring of internal environmental practices to continually improve the city's effectiveness. The city will provide appropriate environmental training and educate ernployees to be environmentally responsible. 4.04 Environmental Education and Technical Assistance. The city and county will promote public education and provide technical assistance about issues of local and regional environmental concern and seek to engage businesses, residents and visitors in the goal of protecting the quality of the natural and built environment. 4.05 Monitoring and Tracking. The city and county will continue to improve monitoring and evaluation of land, air and water quality and will track progress made in maintaining and enhancing environmental quality in the Boulder Valley. 4.34 Wastewater. The city will meet all requirements for wastewater treatment under its National Pollution Discharge Elimination System Permit and evaluate additional voluntary standards as appropriate. The city and county support the County Board of Health's policy discouraging the installation of private sewage disposal systems where municipal collection systems are available or where a potential pollution or health hazard would be created. The city and county will support the development of programs to monitor problems associated with failing septic systems. (See Policy 1.27 Annexation.) Wastewater Utility Principle #2 - Protect Boulder's Natural Resources and the Environment 4.26 Protection of Water Quality. Water quality is a critical health, economic and aesthetic concern. The city and county will protect, maintain and improve water quality within the Boulder Creek basin and Boulder Valley watersheds as a necessary component of existing ecosystems and as a critical resource for the human community. The city and county will seek to reduce point and nonpoint sources of pollutants. Special emphasis will be placed on regional efforts such as watershed planning and protection. :SA 4.27 Water Resource Planning. The city and county will work together and with other governmental agencies to develop and implement appropriate water quality standards, water resource allocations, and water quality protection programs. Water resource planning efforts will include such things as water quality master planning, surface and ground water conservation, and evaluation of pollutant sources. Wastewater Utility Principle #3 - Maximize the use of the Utilitv's funds 3.02 Definition of Adequate Urban Facilities and Services. a) `Adequate facilities and services' for new urban residential development means the availability of public water, public sewer, stormwater and flood management, urban fire protection and emergency medical care, urban police protection, urban transportation, developed urban parks, and schools based upon the criteria set forth in subparagraph (c) below. b) `Adequate facilities and services' for new urban industrial and commercial development means the availability of public water, public sewer, stonnwater and flood management, urban fire protection and emergency medical care, urban police protection, and urban transportation, based upon the criteria set forth in subparagraph (c) below. c) The availability and adequacy of urban facilities and services as set forth in subparagraphs (a) and (b) above will be determined based upon the following criteria and as further defined in the Urban Service Criteria and Standards section of this plan. Determinations of facilities and services adequacy will be based upon the following criteria: (i) Responsiveness to public objectives (ii) Sufficiency and dependability of financing (iii) Operational effectiveness (iv) Adequacy of equipment and facilities (v) Proficiency of personnel 3.03 Phased Extension of Urban Services/Capital Improvements Program. a) The city and county agree that extensions, furnishing, or provision of less than adequate facilities and services for new urban development is contrary to the objectives and intent of the comprehensive plan and would be injurious to the public health, safety and welfare because it would seriously impair the efforts of the county, which has governmental authority and jurisdiction regarding land use control and development in the unincorporated areas of the county, to implement the comprehensive plan through reasonable land use regulations. b) The county requests that the city accompany any extension of facilities and services to urban development outside the boundaries of the city with concurrent annexation to the city of the land served. The city agrees not to extend or furnish facilities and services to new urban development outside the boundaries of the city without annexing to the city the land to be served, except as indicated in Policy 3.11. e) The city and county recognize that certain properties within the Boulder Valley have filed for subdivision approval with Boulder County prior to June 13, 1977, the date on which the county approved amendments to its subdivision regulations that require compatibility of applicants for subdivision approval with the comprehensive plan and have previously been granted water and sewer by the city. The development of these particular properties may be permitted to occur without full compliance with policies 3.01 and 3.02 provided that such development is otherwise in accordance with the comprehensive plan and existing Boulder County land use regulations at the time of submission of the application. d) The city's Capital Improvements Program (CIP) is a major program for funding an adequate range of urban services and facilities within Area I and Area II as annexation occurs during the planning period. The Capital Improvements Program, within the framework of a responsible budget of balanced revenues and expenditures, schedules the necessary capital projects to ensure maintenance of an adequate range of urban services within Area I and to provide urban facilities and services to Area II through annexation on a phased and orderly basis over the planning period. The CIP is a tool to direct the location and timing of growth by coordinating and targeting public capital expenditures. ter)