5C - Consideration of application (HIS2008-00148) - designate 800 Pearl as a landmark i
Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Peari Designa~'on Hecrir,g
MEMORANDUM
November 5, 2008
TO: Landmarks Board
FROM: Susan Richstone, Long Range Planning Manager
James Hewat, Historic Preservation Planner
Allison Hawes, Historic Preservation Intern
Chris Meschul<, Historic Preservation Planner
SUBJECT: Public hearing and consideration of an application to designate the
building and a portion of the site at 800 Pearl as a local historic
landmark, per Section 9-11-5 of the Boulder Revised Code, 1981
(HIS2008-00148).
STATISTICS:
1. Site: 800 Pearl Street
2. Zoning: BMS (Business -Main Street)
3. Owner/Applicant: Pearl Street Properties, LLC
4. Applicant: Morgan Creek Ventures, LLC
5. Date of construction: 1876
STAFF I'.E'CO~IMEN~3A'FION:
Staff recommends that the Landmarks Board adopt the following motion:
The Landmarks Board forward to City Council an application to designate the
building and a portion of the property at 800 Pearl Street as a local historic
landmark, to be known as the Chamberlain & Co. Sampling Works, finding that
it meets the standards for individual landmark designation ixt Sections 9-11-1 and
9-11-2, B.R.C., 1981 and adopts the staff memorandum including the following as
findings of the Board:
FINDINCG5
' The I_,andmarks Board finds, based upon the application and evidence presented
that the proposed landmark designation application for 800 Pearl will be
consistent with the purposes and standards of the Historic Preservation
Ordinance, and:
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
1. The proposed designation will protect, enhance, and perpetuate buildings,
sites, and areas of the City reminiscent of past eras, events, and persons
important in local, state, or national history and providing significant
examples of architectural styles of the past. (9-11-1(a), B.R.C. 1981)
2. The proposed designation will develop and maintain appropriate settings
and environments for such buildings, sites, and areas to ezlhance property
values, stabilize neighborhoods, pxomote tourist trade and interest, and foster
knowledge of the City's living heritage. (9-11-1(a), B.R.C. 1981)
3. The proposed designation and the proposed boundary draws a reasonable
balance between private property rights and the public interest in preserving
the City's cultural, historic, and architectural heritage by ensuring that
demolition of buildings and structures important to that heritage will be
carefully weighed with other alternatives. (9-11-1(b), B.R.C. 1981).
This recommendation is based upon staff's opinion that the proposed
designation is consistent with the criteria specified in Section 9-11-5{c), B.R.C.
1981.
SUMMARY:
¦ Tl~ze purpose of this review is for the board to determine whether the
proposed designation of 800 Pearl Street conforms to the purposes and
standards of Sections 9-11-1 Legislative Intent and 9-11-2 City Council May
designate Landmarks and Historic Districts of the Boulder Revised Code (BRC}.
¦ On June 11, 2008, Morgan Creek Ventures, on behalf of Pearl Street
Properties, LLC submitted an application for individual landmark
designation of 800 Peaxl Street.
¦ The proposed bvundary inchides all of the 1876 portion of the building, and a
small portion of the site around it. Staff considers that the landmark
bvundary, as proposed by the applicant, maintains an appropriate setting for
the building, located in an urban, commercial context. See page 15 for more
information.
¦ Staff recommezlds that the board find that the designation of the building and
portion of the site at 800 Pearl conforms with Sections 9-11-1 and 9-11-2 of the
Boulder Revised Code and recommend to City Council the approval of the
application for landmark designation, adopting this staff memorandum as
findings of the i3vard.
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
PROPERTY DESCRIPTION:
The 6,439 square foot lot is located on the southeast corner of 8t" Street and Pearl
Street and contains a stuccoed brick building featuring a wide, low-pitch, front-
gabled roof, with aone-story flat roof addition at the rear (south) elevation.
The building at 800 Pearl Street was constructed in 1876 for Nathaniel P. Hill as a
sampling works for ore from mines in the mountains west of Boulder. By 1880,
the Boston & Colorado Smelting Company was operatng the sampling works
and in 1892 the buildzng was sold to W.J. Chamberlain, and operated as the W.J.
Chamberlain & Co. Sampling Works, and later as the W.J. Chamberlain-
Dillingham Ore Company. In 1919 the operations were taken ovex by the
Boulder Ore Sampling Company. During the 1930s the building served as the
offices of the St. Joe Milling Company. Around 1940 the building changed for a
short time serving as machinery works, furniture sales and warehouse, metal
works, and wood working. In 1949 the property reverted again to minizlg
activities and in 1955, Hill & Jude Assayers were operating out of the building.
By the late 1950's the Wah Chang Corporation laboratory sampled Tungsten in
the building. From the 1960's to 1979 the building housed motorcycle sales and
repair, and automotive repair. Since 1979 the building has been used as a
grocery store, first as a Red and White Food Store, then the Duffy TGA, and ul
1985 Lolita's Market opened in the building.
Though the building has been altered a number of times over the years,
the basic form the of ±he 1876 build ing remains intact. Exterior changes include
the removal of tower sometime after 1930, the application of cementitious stucco
to the exterior walls sometime between 1935 and. 1943, and the replacement of
the six-over-six double-hung windows and relocation of the entrance on the
north elevation sometime between 1943 and 1965. Asecond-story window has
been closed, the void covered with a sign. A flat roof addition at the south side of
the building appears in a c.1930 photograph of the property, which sometime in
the late 1940s or early 1950s was expanded and modified. This flat roof portion
is not considered to be significant to the period of significance for the property.
This property was surveyed in 1988 by the Colorado Historical Society. (See
Attachment B: Archifectural Inventory Record Form).
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Cesic.nafcn Hearing
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Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1/5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
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Memc to Landmarks 4card 1 1/5/2008
Ke: 800 Pearl Qesignation I-fearing
CRITERIA FOR THE BOARD'S DECISION:
Section 9-"11-5(c) Public Hearing Before the Landmarks Board, of the Historic
Preservation Ordinance specifies that in their review of an application far local
landmark designation, "the Landmarks Board shall determine whether the
proposed designation conforms with the purposes and standards in Sections 9-
11-1 Legislative Intent, and 9-11-2 City Council May Designate Landmarks and
Historic Districts".
9-11-1: Legislative Intent states:
(a) The purpose of this chapter is to promote the public health, safety, and
welfare by protecting, enhancing, and perpetuating buildings, sites, and
areas of the city reminiscent of past eras, events, and persons important u1
local, state, or national history or providing significant examples of
architectural styles of the past. It is also the purpose of this chapter to
develop and maintain appropriate settings and environments for such
buildings, sites, and areas to enhance property values, stabilize
neighborhoods, promote tourist trade and interest, and foster knowledge
of the city's living heritage.
(b) The City Council does not intend by this chapter to preserve every old
building in the city but instead to draw a reasonable balance between
private property rights and the public interest in preserving the city's
cultural, historic, and architectural heritage by ensuring that demolition of
buildings and structures important to that heritage will be carefully
weighed with other alternatives and that alterations to such buildings and
'-structures and z~tew construction will respect the character of each such
setting, not by imitating surrounding structures, but by being compatible
with them.
(c) The City Council intends that u1 reviewing applications for alterations to
and new construction on landmarks or structures in a historic district, the
Landmarks Board shall follow relevant city policies, including, without
limitation, energy-efficient design, access for the disabled, and creative
approaches to renovation.
9-11-2: City Council may Designate Landmarks and Historic Districts states:
(a) Pursuant to the procedures in this chapter the City Council may by
Ordinance:
ac~rrnA rT~Ni #sc rACt s
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Menic> b Land~~c°ks 3oard 1 1 /5i 7:108
Re: 800 'eari Uesigr.a-~on Hearing
(1) Designate as a landmark an individual building or other
feahlre or an izntegrated group of structures or features on a
single lot or site having a special character and historical,
architectural, or aesthetic interest or value and designate a
landmark site for each landmark;
(2) Designate as a historic district a contiguous area containing a
number of sites, buildings, structures or features having a
special character and historical, architectural, or aesthetic
interest or value and constituting a distinct section of the
city;
(3) Designate as a discontiguous historic district a collection of
sites, buildings, structures, or features which are contained
in two or more geographically separate areas, having a
special character and historical, architectural, or aesthetic
interest or value that are united together by historical,
architectural, or aesthetic characteristics; and
(4) Amend designations to add features or property to or from
the site or district.
(b) Upon designation, the property included in any such designation is
subject to all the requirements of this code and other ordinances of the
City.
To assist in the interpretation of the Historic I'reservatiozn Ordinance, the
. Landmarks Board. has adopted significance criteria to use when evaluating
applications fox individual landmarks. The criteria are included in Attachment C.
The Board may approve, approve with modifications, or disapprove the
application. Findings must be adopted within 45 days of the hearing date.
Should the Board disapprove the application, the Board must notify City Council
of that action within fourteen days of the hearing date. City Council may call up
a decision disapproving a designation. Should an application be disapproved,
the same application may not be submitted for a period of one year.
If the Board finds that the proposed designation conforms to Sectiolns 9-11-1 and
9-11-2 of the code, it shall adopt specific findings and conclusions approving or
nnodifying and approving the application. If the Board approves the proposed
designation, the application will be forwarded to City Cozu-uil (within l0U days)
for a public hearing.
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i'vlemo to Landmarks Board i 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
Analysis:
Staff has identified the following as key issues related to this application:
A. Does the proposed application protect, enhance, and perpetuate buildings,
sites, and areas of the city reminiscent of past eras, events, and persons
important in local, state, or national history or providing significant examples
of architectural styles of the past?
B. Does the proposed application develop and maintain appropriate settings
and environments for such buildings, sites, and areas to enhance property
values, stabilize neighborhoods, promote tourist trade and interest, and foster
knowledge of the City's living heritage?
C. The proposed designation draws a reasonable balance between private
property rights and the public interest in preserving the City's cultural,
historic, and architectural heritage by ensuring that demolition of buildings
and structures important to that heritage will be carefully weighed with other
alternatives. (9-11-1(b), B.R.C. 1981).
A. Does the proposed application prvtect, enhance, and perpetuate buildings, sites, and
areas of the city reminiscent of past eras, events, and persons important in local, state,
or national history or providing significant examples of architectural styles of the
past?
Staff finds that the proposed application to landmark 800 Pearl Street will
protect, enhance, and perpetuate a building, site, and area of the city reminiscent
of past eras, events, and persons important in local history and provide for an
important example of historic architecture to be preserved. Staff considers the
application to meet. the historic.criteria for individual landmark designation as
outlined below:
Historic Significance:
Summary: The building at 800 Pearl Street has historic significance under criteria 1,
2, 3,and4
Date of Construction: 1876
Elaboration: The Boulder County Assessor lists a date of construction of 1907,
but the Boulder County News reported on October 13, 1876 that Professor Hill's
Sampling Works walls were going up and the roof going on. "The building is 82
x 47 feet; foundation of solid stone masonry, and the superstructure of brick. It
will take some little time yet to set the machinery and be ready to buy ore." A
summary of construction in Boulder for 1876 indicates that the buildizZg was
constructed at a cost of $11,000. A portrait and biographical record for Walter A.
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
Chamberlain relates that the sampling works were, "...the oldest of the kind in
Boulder." According to current assessor records, this building appeaxs to be one
of the 20 oldest still standing in the City of Boulder.
Association with historical persons or events: Nathaniel P. Hill, Walter A.
Chamberlain
Elaboration: Nathaniel P. Hill constructed the building at 800 Pearl Street in
1876. Hi11 was born February 18, 1832 in Montgomery, New York. Fie graduated
from Brown University in 1856, and immediately taught Chemistry there from
1856 to 1864. In the spring of 1867 I-sill arrived in Colorado and began work as
the manager of the Boston & Colorado Smelting Company in Blackhawk. J.B.
Schoolla_nd's book, Boulder in Perspective: From search of Gold to Gold of Research
states "Two far-reaching events in 18b7 marked a significant turz~itlg point. The
first of these was the discovery, by Nathaniel I'. Hill, professor of Chemistry at
Brown University, of a method for recovering gold, silver, and copper, from
refractory ores. No longer would concentrates need to be shipped to Wales, at
prohibitive cost, for processing. It could not be done locally." The method he
established was the first effective process for smelting precious metals from
complex sulphide ores. The History of Colorado by Wilbur Fiske Stone, 1919 has a
section about Mr. Hill, and states that his new process "was to result Later in a
change of metallurgical process to which the entire subsequent history of the
state is due." He served as the mayor of Blackhawk in 1871, and was a member
of the territorial council in 1872 and 1873. Hill was elected to the U.S. Senate in
1879 as Colorado's 3rd Senator, serving until 1885. He died on May 22, 1900 in
Denver, and is buried in Fairmount Cemetery. Mr. Hill is considered to be of
State significance.
Walter A. Chamberlain was born in 1859 to William G. and Frances Rogers
(Allen) Chamberlain. His mother was Peruvian, and his father lived in that
country for many years, working in the silk industry. The youngest son, Walter
A. Chamberlain (brother of Walter J. Chamberlain after whom the business was
named), was a photographer working for Colorado photographer W.H. Jackson
before lie entered the family ore sampling business. In 1892 he resigned his
position with Jackson take charge of what became the W. J. Chamberlain
sampling works in Boulder. The Portrait and Biographical Record for
Chamberlain stated that he was "one of the most popular and enterprising
young men of Boulder. He was married in Denver to Miss Jennie Herrick,
dauglltex of Samuel E. Herrick, a native of Indiana. Their union has been blessed
with three children: Estes H., Hyla K. and Helena F. He is one of the officers of
Columbia Lodge No. 14, A. F. & A. M.; a past officer in the Ancient Order of
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1 /5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
United Workmen, the Woodmen of the World and Knights of the Maccabees. He
is treasurer uz the Fraternal Aid and Woodman circle, and holds the same office
in the Select Knights of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. He was a
member of the old government guards, state militia for three years, and joined
the Archer Hose Company of Denver as a torch boy. He is now a member of the
Boulder Hose Company and is serving the third term as foreman. He is a
Republican, but is not an active politician." -Carnegie Library, Portrait and
biographical Record (p. 359).
The building is currently owned by Pearl Street Properties, LLC, which is
managed by Elizabeth C. Cook. Cook was a co-founder of Wild Oats Market, in
south Boulder in 1987, which was later sold to Whole Foods Market.
For more information See Atlachrnent D: Directoru and Deed research.
Distinction in the development of the Community of Boulder
Mining/Economic development of West Boulder and City as a whole.
Elaboration: On Nov. 24, 1876 the Boulder County News enthusiastically
reported that, "Prof. Hill was in town yesterday, looking after the business of his
large ore establishment here. It is now ready for business, building complete,
machinery set, and one pile of ore from the Melvina. Than the establishment of
the market, no more important step was ever taken in the advancement of
Boulder County mining. Stone, iron, and brick make up the structure; and iron
purpose and assured success make up Professor I
Iill." The establishment of this
facility coincided with discovery of gold and tellurium in the mountains and
gold fever in the area resulting in rapid settlement of Boulder beginning in the
1870s. Many of those arriving by rail in Boulder stayed at the nearby German
House Hotel at 8th and Pearl Streets.
Around the time of the establishment of the Hill's sampling works other mining
processing operations were also being set-up in the West Boulder area including
the Preston Reduction Works, the Mann Mill, the Kilton Gold Extraction
Company, the Atlas Delano Mill, and the Boyd Smelter.' A May 22, 1892 Boulder
Dail f Camera article describing the acquisition of the sampling works by
Chamberlain characterized the business to that time as having, "a monopoly on
the ores of Boulder Coi.u~ty."
~ The 13ouldcr branch of the Boston & Colorado Smelting Company was preceded by about 6 months by the Boyd
Smelter, a designated local archaeological landmark site. The Floyd Smelter site is located at approximately 300 Canyon
Blvd.
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Memo to Landmarks Board 1 1/5/2008
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
The sampling works at 800 Pearl Street was a steam plant that crl_LShed, sorted,
assayed ore prior to it being shipped by rail to the Boulder Boyd Smelter and
Argo Smelter (owned by Nathaniel HiII) u1 Globeville, CO. to be processed. Local
Boulder historian Silvia Pettem notes that the 1876 establishment of the sampling
works coincided with the growth of the adjacent area at Canyon Boulevard (then
Water Street) and 9'h Street a busy ("1873) rail yard and industrial area with 800
Pearl Street having its own rail spur from the yard to supply ore to the sampling
works. A July 12,1892 Boulder Daily Camera article reporting on the City
Council's consideration of neighbors concerns regarding construction of the spur
stated that a Mr. Seymour agent for Chamberlain testified that, "the sampling
agency cannot be run profitably unless the sidetrack be granted." Continued
work on the spur was presumably approved by the City Council as its course is
shown on the 1895 Sanborn Map.
The establishment of the sampling works at 800 Pearl Street in 1876 and its nearly
continuous use in mining related activities until about 1965 is of historic
significance both locally, and on a state level. Its importance to the economic
growth and settlement of the City of Botiilder is clear and it survives as a
representative example of early mining related architecture in the area.
Recognition by Authorities: Schoolland, Pettem
Elaboration: J.B. Schoolland discusses the smelting operations in his book
Boulder in Perspective: From search of Gold to Gold of Research and states that the
building is "one of the last remaining vestiges of Boulder's once proud mining
era.'' Silvia Pettem's book Boulder: Evolution of a City has a before and after
comparison of the building, and summarizes the musing association with the
building.
Architectural Significance:
Summary: The building at 800 Pearl Street has architechzral significance under
criteria 1 and 4.
Recognized Period or Style: Vernacular Masonry
Elaboration: The vernacular industrial masonry building has a prominent low-
pitched, front-gabled roof form, with one-story addition (probably constructed in
1892) is representative of ore sampling works buildings constructed in Colorado
during the late nineteenth century. Although the building has been moderately
altered over the years, the highly distinctive low gable form of the original 1876
building is intact. While the building has been altered over the years it retains
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Re: 80C Pearl Designation Hearing
sufficient hIStoric integrity. Tt survives as the only extant ore sampling works
building in Boulder.
Architect or Builder of Prominence: None known
Elaboration: The Boulder County News stated that a "Mr. Fitzpatrick" was
supervising the work on the construction of the building.
Artistic Merit: Gable roof form
Elaboration: The distinctive wide, low pitched front gable roof building at 800
Pearl is an important and rare surviving example of ore sampling works
buildings constructed in Colorado during the late nineteenth century.
Example of the Uncommon: Gabled roof form
Elaboration: The distinctive wide, low pitched front gable roof building at 800
Pearl is an important and rare surviving example of ore sampling works
buildings constructed in Colorado during the Iate nineteenth century.
Indigenous Qualities: None observed
B. Does the proposed application develop and maintain appropriate settings and
environments for such buildings, sites, and areas to enhance property values, stabilize
neighborhoods, promote tourist trade and interest, and foster knowledge of the City's
living heritage?
Staff finds that the proposed application would maintain appropriate settings
and environments for such buildings, sites; and areas tv An1-Iance property
values, stabilize neighborhoods, promote tourist trade and interest, and foster
knowledge of the City's living heritage. Staff considers that the application
meets the environmental significance criteria for individual landmarks as
outlined below:
Environmental Significance:
Summary: The builduzg at 800 Pearl Street has environmental significance under
criteria 2, and 3.
1. Site Characteristics: None observed
Elaboration: Little mature vegetation around the building.
2. Compatibility with Site: scale, massing
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Memc ',o '_cr.dmarks Board 1 i /5/iCC8
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
Elaboration: The distinctive wide, low pitched front gable roof building at 800
Pearl is an excellent and rare surviving example of are sampling works buildings
constructed in Colorado during the late ni?Zeteenth century. Its scale and
massing are consistent with building in the area.
3. Geographic Importance: Familiar visual landmark along Pearl Street,
association with rnuzizlg operations of west Boulder.
Elaboration: The distinctive wide, low pitched front gable roof building at 800
Pearl is a familiar visual landmark on West Pearl Street and evocative of
Boulder's mining related history.
4. Environmental Appropriateness: Nane observed
5. Area Integrity: Nane observed
Boundary Analysis:
The boundary, proposed by the applicant and owner, measures 53 feet wide, and
100 feet deep. This boundary will ezlcompass the entire 1876 building, which
measures 47 feet wide, by 82 feet Long. The boundary does not include the
majority of the flat-roof portion of the building (the applicant proposes to
demolish the flat roof portion of the building, as well as the rear 27 feet of the
gabled partion, see the Landmark Alteration Certificate memo for more
information). On the east
side of the building, the - i
boundary extends five feet - '
from the existing wall, ~ v ~ u L• a.r s•T +a~P, _ _ _
follows the property lines a ~ i .andmark Boundary
an the north and west ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ Properly Line
sides of. the building. Staff
considers that this E ~
boundary will maintain an ~ ~ !
- ~ . ~ '.r,
appropriate setting and ~ ' , . ~ ~ - ~ ~
;1.;ii~~;, ~
environment for the I ~ i
I ~
building, by including a ~
portion of the attached ' ! ~ ~ j
_ _ ~
new construction as well ~ - -
-T~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~t~ ;ar e
as the historic resource, ? ~
but excludes the adjacent I ` . ~ ~ ~ l 1 I r
new construction on the _ _ _ _ _ _ ~ _ _ _ i
site.
AG1~ NllA ITEM #SL PAGE 15
5:APLA\\~a[aV~me~ai~~V115'I11.:mdmar4;tiV'carl.&OOU I.OS.Oft.800 Pcarl.doc
~'v^,emo tc _cndmc,rks E~oard 1 1 /5/2CGc3
Re: 800 Pearl Designation Hearing
C. Does the proposed designr.~tion draw a reasonable balance between private property
rights and the public interest in preserving the City's cultural, historic, and
architectural heritage by ensuring that demolition of buildings and structures
important to that heritage will be carefully weighed with other alternatives. (9-11--
1(b), B.R.C. 1981).
Staff considers that this designation draws a reasonable balance between private
property rights and the public's interest ill preserving the city's heritage.
Limiting the landmark boundary around the historic building and excluding the
remainder of the site has been a common practice related to commercial
properties or those where new development not connected to the historic
resource will be developed.
ATTACHMENTS:
A: Application
B: Architectural Inventory Record Form
C: Significance Criteria for Individual Landmarks
D: Directory and Deed Research
E: ~Iistoric photographs
F: Current Photographs
G: Sanborn Map analysis
AGENDA ITEM #SC YAGE 1G
51['I„4N\dataVongrang~IIIS1ll.andmark~\f'carLFs00\11.05.08.800 PczrLcioc
t~~ ~ 2c~ Attachment A
(,yet tl vv
Application for Individual Landmark
Name of Buildin6: li~'~`i -'~r` Date: ~ ' •
Address: C . % 7r
O6vner(s)• i• ~ ' " . jam' J,•-I~. ~ ~ k,•` - Phorie' ( fl'•~ ~ i,_ t c ~
i /
Address(es)' ~o ~ ~ ~ . { ~,,.r, t..; :l /%l ! _ ,
Applicant' i%, _ - ,l`,,,: - Phone: ,
Address' l~;Jj7 ~ ~'F. • J~,/'` • ~i ;:1 _ r i rC,~ i' - ''I f__~r. ~ _
f r ~
> ,
Date of Construction: ~S `"r -
Type of Construction: /'~;1;~~~~- ~
r
Architectural Style /Period:
Architect /Builder: /i~% ,.;.l;/t~;l(f %
' r ~.°.y_~
Condition of Exterior: -
Additions /Alterations to Exterior: s~'' • ~ ~ '
Date of Alteration(s) /Addition(s): r - '
Please attach a copy of the legal dcscYiption of the pYOperty.
Ir'ee S25 (if applicable)
/1. filing fee of $25.00 is required to file an application for designation of an individual landmark.
Should the Landmarks Board initiate designation of a property or area, there is no fee involved.
1 certify that the irtforntatfon acrd exhibits Irerervfth st~brtritted are true acrd correct to the hest of my lcrtowledge.
Si nature: ~ ' - -
~!~cs,;:
~ 1`
OBSl~natlOtl Inltlate(1 VV: .,I';'"~~' •
Attachment B
COLORADO HISTORICAL SOCIETY NOT FOR FIELD USE
Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation ELIGIBLE
1300 Broadway, Denver, Colorado ~DET NOT ELIG
HISTORIC BUILDING INVENTORY RECORDNOMINATED
CITY OF BOULDER, COLORADO Boulder County CERTIFIED REHAB
DATE
PROJECT NAME: BOULDER fISTORIC PLACES State IDS: 5BL2339
*Building Name: LOLITA'S MARKET
*Building Address: 800 PEARL STREET BOULDER, COLORADO 80302
Building Owner: THE MOUNTAINS DOWNTOWN
Owner Address: 2336 CANYON, SUITE 101 BOULDER, COLORADO 80302
USGS Quad: BOULDER Quad Year: 1966 (REV.1979)
Legal: Tnsp 1N Range 71W Section 25 1/4, 1/4
*Historic Name: BOSTON & COLO. SAP4PLING WORKS
District Name: NOT APPLICABLE
Block: 63 Lot: 65 Addition: BOULDER WEST
Year of Addition: 1874
ilm Roll By: ROGER WHITACRE Film Number: B L-16
'umber of Negatives: 26 Negative Location: BOULDER
"Construction Date: ESTIMATE: PRE-1890
Source: ASSESSOR/SANBORN INSURANCE MAPS
Present Use: GROCERY STORE Historic Use: SAriPLING WORKS
Condition: GOOD Extent of Alterations: MAJOR
Description: NEW DISPLAY WINDOVdS; STUCCO.
ORIGINAL If Moved, Date(s):
Style: VERNACULAP. MASONRY Stories: 1
Materials: BRICK Square Footage: 6439
Field Assessment: NOT ELIGIBLE District Potential: NO
Local Landmark Designation?: NO Name: Date:
Associated Buildings?: NO Type:
If Inventoried, List Id Numbers:
Architect : UNKNO~•7N Source
Builder/Contractor: UNKNOWN Source:
Original Owner: UNKNOWN Source:
i
800 Pearl Street
Plan Shape: . .
• • • • • • • • • •
s • e s • . • •
Theme(s):
The Urban Frontier 11860-1920).
Architectural Description: Stuccoed.
Wide, low-pitched, front-gabled commercial building.
Recessed entrance with a ribbon of display windows. Corrugated metal roof.
Construction History:
Historical Background:
Early Sanborn maps indicate that this building is located on the site
of the Boston and Colora~9o Sampling Works, which by 1895 had became the
W.J. Chamberlain and Company Sampling Works. This building is located on
the same site, and is of the same shape and size, as the crusher building
~f the sampling works. 7'he company's assay office was located next door,
?d the 1895 Sanborn Map shows that a side track from the railroad ran
~irectly to the sampling works.
Architectural Significance:
Represents the work of a master.
Possesses high artistic values.
X Represents a type, period or method of construction.
Historical Significance:
Associated with significant persons.
X Associated with significant events and/or patterns.
Contributes to an historic districts
Statement of Significance:
Although remodeled, this grocery store appears to have once been part
of the Boston and Colorado Sampling Works, which later became the W.J.
Chamberlain and Company Sampling V7orks. Both of these early sampling
operations were important to Boulder's economy, and are representative of
the city's mining history.
References:
Boulder County Assessor's Records
Sanborn Insurance A1aps
~.rveyed by 4Jhitacre/Simmons Affiliation: Front Range Research
Date: June 1988
Attachment C
~ Landmark Preservation Advisory Board
Adopted 9/17/75
Secretary to the Board
SIGNII<ICANCE CRI'T'ERIA
Individual Landmark
September 1975
On September 6, 1974, the City Council adopted Ordinance #4000 providing procedures
for the designation of Landmarks and Historic. Districts in the City of Boulder. The purpose of
the ordinance is the preservation of the City's permitted cultural, historic, and architectural
heritage. The Landmarks Board is permitted by the ordinance to adopt rules and regulations as it
deems necessary for its own organization and procedures. The following Significance Critexia
have been adopted by the Board to help evaluate each potential designation in a consistent and
equitable manner.
Historical Significance
The place (building, site, area) should show character, interest or value as part of the
development, heritage, or cultural characteristics of the community, state or nation; be the site of
a historic, or prehistoric event that had an effect upon society; or exemplify the cultural, political,
economic, or social heritage of the community.
1. Date of Construction: This area of consideration places particular importance on
the age of the structure.
2. Association with Historical Persons or Events: This association could. be national,
state, or local.
3. Distinction in the Development of the Community of Boulder__This is most
applicable to an institution (religious, educational, civic, etc) cr business structure,
though is some cases residences might qualify. It stresses the importance of '
preserving those places which demonstrate the growth during different time spans
in the history of Boulder, in order to maintain an aw~u-eness of our cultural,
economic, social or political heritage.
4. Recognition by Authorities: If it is recognized by Historic Boulder, Inc. the
Boulder Historical Society, local historians (Barker, Crosser, Frink, Gladden,
Paddock, Schvoland, etc), State Historical Society, The Irszproyement of Bouldez,
Colorado by F.L. Olmsted, or ethers in published form as having historical
interest and value.
Other, if applicable.
Architectural Significance
The place should embody those distinguishing characteristics of an architectural type
specimen, a goad example of the common; be the work of an architect or master builder, known
04.OSsi/g`nif-indiv
nationally, statewide, or locally, and perhaps whose work has influenced later development;
contain elements of architectural design, detail, materials or craftsmanship which represent a
significant innovation; or be a fine example of the uncommon.
1. Recognized Period/Stxle: It should exemplify specific elements of an architectural
period/style, ie: Victorian, Revival styles, such as described by Historic American
Building Survey Criteria, Gingerbread Aye (Maass), 76 Boulder IIomcs (Barkar),
The History of Architectural Style (Marcus/Wiffin), Architecture in San Iirancisco
(Gebhard et al), I-listorv of Architecture (Flectcher), Architecture/Colorado, and
any other published source of universal or local analysis of "style."
2. Architect or Builder of Prominence: A good example of the work of an architect
or builder who is recognized for expertise in his field nationally, state-wide, or
locally.
3. Artistic Merit: A skillful integration of design, material, and color which is of
excellent visual quality and/or demonstrates superior craftsmanship.
4. Example of the Uncozxamon: Elements of architectural design, details, or
craftsmanship that are representative of a significant innovation.
5. Indigenous Qualities: A style or material that is particularly associated with the
Boulder area.
6. Other, if applicable.
Environmental Significance
The place should enhance the variety, interest, and sense of identity of the community by
the protection of the unique natural and man-made environment.
Site Characteristics: It should be of high quality in terms of planned or natur:~l
vegetation.
2. Compatibility with Site: Consideration will be given to scale, massing placement,
or other qualities of design with respect to its site.
3. Geographic Importance: Due to its unique location or singular physical
characteristics, it represents an established and familiar visual feature of the
community.
4. Environmental Appropriateness: The surroundings are complementary and/or it is
situated in a manner particularly suited to its function.
5. Area Inte~ritx Places which provide historical, architectural, or environmental
importance and continuity of an existing condition, although taken singularly or
out of context might not qualify under other critez-ia.
6. Other, if applicable.
04.OSsignif-indiv
Attachment D
~ 800 Pearl Street Deed Kesearch
Owners of 800 Pearl Street
Bold indicates long-term owners
1876 and earlier Charles Frey
1876 to 1889 Nathaniel Bill
1889 to 1892 Boston & Colorado Smelting Company
1892 to 1902 William J. Chamberlain and Frank Dillingham
1902 to 1919 Chamberlain-Dillingham Ore Company
1919 to 1140 Boulder Ore Sampling Company
1940 to 1943 Morse Rrother~ Ulachinery
1943 to 1946 John Ackermann
1946 to 1949 John and Katharyn Dallas
1949 to 1969 Lester Brown
1969 to 1980 Gordon Cole
1980 to 1991 Mountains Downtown
1991 to 1993 Michael Gilliland, Elizabeth Cook and Mark Clapp
1993 to present Pearl Street Properties
Businesses of 800 Pearl Street
1892 to 1901 W.J. Chamberlain & Company
1903 to Chamberlain-Dillingham Ore Company
1916 to 1918 W.J. Chamberlain Ore Company
1921 to 1935 Boulder Ore Sampling Company
1936 St. Joe Mining Company
1938 Charley Reynolds
1940 to 1943 Vacant
1946 K & A Furnit~lre Company
1947 Not Listed
1949 to 1955 Jude & Hill Assayers
1958 Wah Chang Corporation
1960 Vacant
1965 to 1967 Diablo Racing Motors (This is x-hen the address changed from 800 to 814)
1968 to 1978 Bayne Automotive (listed at 800 Pearl Street)
1979 to 1980 Red & White Food Store
1984 Duffy IGA Grocery Store
1985 to present Lolita's Market
NOTE; Carnegie Library's collection of city directories is intermittent beginning in 1869, and annual
beginning in 1958. "No Return" or "Nn phone" does not necessarily mean the building was vacant.
~~~~a p.5~. a~
._.a. :~:.^3-i~~.:jaa..ia..'rsiibllw•ir:+k~•~~1taLi.i~h.. ~ .v.-_
- - , •y--.. Colorado. In 1945 h~• became an =
- ~ '~5 _ 'fir., - ~71?^Y
LiJ ;JL'~~Jit, t~at.ZVi.lll.a, i:5 d,7 eil~i:l~:~. ~~vi c. i•i:...ii:J i:i:.i,l:.%:1 :J~.:.:.,. j' ltic:l.: li»i
Broadc~.~sting Company for the Office of War Information. Returning to _
Boulder m 1947, he operated a radio shop until illness forced his retirement. ~ .t~F
He died in Boulder, September 24, 1955. His obituary appeared in the _ ~
Boulder DAII; CAMERA for September 26, 1955. _ ` c
= c
. c
• SALOO\s F
\ t
;A;: ,
It has not been disco5ered who operated the first saloon in Boulder. Very g~
F
probably William A. Davidsen and Samuel M. Breath sold li uor in their _ ~
general store at the corner of 11th and• Pearl Streets in 1859, and Jonathan A.
. ;
Tourtellot and Frederick A. S~ fires; no doubt continued the sale at the same
i ~!x C
location in 1860 and following.
Joseph Wolff (1825-1909), writ~rg in the Boulder DAILY CAMERA for - "a==
Feb. 27, 1908, about the ac uisition o Boulder's first news a er, the Boulder
q p p
VALLEY NEWS, mentioned that at the t e (April 1867) there were two ,
saloons in Boulder. `
The Boulder COUN/TYNEWS for Oct. 12, 1869 (Volume 1, No. 1) lists
three saloons on Pearl Street: the Boulder Star Saloon, S. Harmon, 3s•-
rietor, and the Concert -
proprietor; Parker'~Exchange, James Parker, prop ~2`
Hall and Barl.>er Shop, W. B. Westlake, proprietor _ '
/
The Boulder VALLEY PIONEER; which preceded fie COUNTY NEWS, ~ .
carried no adyertisements of saloons. Tt was stated th t the editor had been _
a very heavy drinker, and to help him stay on the wagon he refused liquor .
s,
advertise ents. -
~ - ~s
x,;:..:
w~;
Du%1ng the early 1900's it was said that at one time there were twenty v
'
saloons along Pearl Street. =
SAlt~'LING WORKS ;=C
'r :x>;
Boulder COUNTY NEWS, Oct. 13, 1876
PROF. HILL'S SAMPLING WORICS ~
.
~.l'he walls are up and the roof going on. The
building is 82 x 47 feet; foundation of solid stone -
rrrasonry, and the superstructure of brick. It will ~
take some little time yet to set the machinery and
he ready to buy ore. ~
. :
~•!v.- .
~
t~`~,
COl_,ORADO. BANNER, Oct. 19, 1876 Y ~~f,
'~xx._ ,
T~~e 1'?'t?](lit7~ rc;; Y}jr jai??plinr tTIC}~ ~,c^F ¢~T t.
1f.:,
J:. iy~:~.. - :.iL _iS_ 111 ~Vl.l1Qv..., ...c i _i_.. _.!~.r ,,it4RJ
vision of Mr. Fitzpatrick, is almost completed.
} t~
From the same issue:
~f. --5' ~ -
Machinery for the sampling works of Prof:. Hill,
being erected under the supervision of Mr. Fitzpatrick,
in Boulder, has all arrived, and will be put in t~iorking ; •
order as soon as possible. Tl?e building is being
covered ~~~ith iron. In about sip weeks it is expected
4Y L•
the works ~~~ill be ready for use. _
- - 1'>
COLORADO BANNER, Oct. 26, 1876
~:y
At the sampling works men ai:e busy at ~~~ork ~ ~~k .FE~.
putting in all sorts of machinery. It is all new, and -
f
~~7hen in running order, a full description will be given. -
_
'.t. C.. ~ S:~
Boulder COUNTY NE~uS, 1\TOV. 2~, ].876 Vii;
k. .
x~`
Prof: ~ Hill was in town yesterday, looking after -
{b
the business of his large ore establishment here. It ~4
is now ready for business, building complete, l-~'
machinery set, and one pile of ore on hand-fifteen
tons of the rich stuff from the Melvina. Than the - ~f^
s:;~-.
establishment of this market, no more important step
«7as ever taken in the advancement of Boulder County
mining. Stone, iron, and brick make up the -
structure; and iron purpose end assured success I~
make. up Professor Hi11. _
1<-:~.::
History of Clear Creek and Boulder Valleys, Colorado, 1880 ~
~'N :;f
.A, few years ago, Senator N. P. Hi1_1, manager of "
/ the Boston and Colorado Srneltin~ Com and) established ~
~ an ore market in this to~~~n (Boulder), erecting a
substantial brick building, provided with machinery 'Y..M ~ .
and steam-power for crushing and sampling ore, at
the rate of fifteen tons per day. These ~~rorks are now
knoum as the Boulder Agency of the Boston and Colorado
Smelting Company", and are operated very _ ~
successfully by Mr. E. Williams:
t:-
z ~
~ ~
z ~
t
r r
T,
~'~S
'~y,
~ l
~i. :c ~
BOSTON COLORADO CO'S SAMPLII~TG 1A-0RKS
; .
1 i,~ r..~.~ it building put up by this company for yy.~:=,
offices, assay room; etc, alas completed some time
ago, and Mr. ~Nilliams has become fairly established _
with clean, commodious and capacious apartments. The
space gained by moving those departments of the ~
business out of the mill has enabled them to znakc
i 5t
great improvements there in the ~~~ay of new machinery
besides giving additional room, much needed for storage ~ .
of ore, etc. Their facilities for transaction of
business and for furnishing accurate assays of ore in
large or small quantities are now newt to perfect, and
will be e~uly appreciated by the mining cornrnunity. ~ fi.
o--~
- FIRST SAVIhTGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATION
x=-
~,r;
$oulder COUNTY HERALD, Jan. 29; 1890
=s
THE BUILDIhTG AND LOAN ASSOCIATION
r:.
The county court room ~~~as crowded last night «~ith c-:~~:
people interested in t':~e formation of a I3uildi.ng and ;~oan
G~..
Association. z~.
Praf. Byington acted as chairman of the meeting and
Eugene ~~~ilder as Secretary.
-
The number of shares taken amounted to 525. ~"r-
~~r~;:.
.
Judge Dov~mer moved that the organization do not
Tit:.;
merge itself into any other but stand upon its o~~t~n bottom.~'.;~.
This ~~~as carried unanimousl S. A. Giffin moved that '
Y • ,.fir.,
the meeting elect nine gentlemen ~~lho shall draft
incorporation papers, act as incorporators and elect the
directors. The motion having beezi carried the
:~:-R
follo~~ring ~~~ere selected to act as said committee: x~,:,..
:.~;Y
S. A. Giffin, E. J. Morath, I. L. Bond, J. H. Nicholson,
,
W. H. Nicholson, H. N. Bradley, R. R. Gibbon, ~'~j'
Ira 1\~I. De Lon6 and C. C. Brace.. '`,~yy~~~~'
b a~7r,'-`
zwV.
r.
The interest manifested and the large crowd present
shorxjed that the time ~~~as ripe for the organization of a
Building and Loan Association in Boulder. The sentiment Y~;:~.
no doubt ~~~as practically unanimous that the association _~}j~~=
tiT~-
do not play second fiddle to some other instituticn. ~xF,
i-;t~j'~;.
ra
~ ,
<i
r,L.InrA•a rxnus~luLS or rrrF ivrsT
\(r. I3nrden came from Ann Arbor, Nfichigan, in 1877, and was in the
lumber business up to the time he joinedl'(r. Dabney. ~ i
:~.,5 IIUSIt 3c CO. I ~ +1
x 'I'hcsc extensive jewelers and manufacturers of .jewelers' tools, t •I •
\lcssrs. A:•thur ~V. Bush and C. R. Roberts, became partners in •
- l sti3,althouglr the business was established by the former in 187:}. They
h:uuilc all hinds of clocks, European and American watches, silver
and pl:ucd w:u•e, the smaller articles of jewelry in endless variety,
and :Hake a specialty of holiday goods, souvenirs, and articles intended
for In•csents. A4cssrs. 'Bush & Co. manufacture all I:inds of nation
jen•c•!r}•, and in this specialty they have sccurtd a large patronatic from
cnmt of the largest eastern houses. They make many varieties of
~~•:ucluual:crs' tools, of most•of which Nlr. Bush is the inventor and pat-
_ tntct. The ruby pin setter, for instance, is a very simple contrivance,
lout it makes the ;vatchmakcr's business a pleasure instead of a .la•
I~oruua effort. The proper setting of a ruby pin is of course very m:i-
!trial to the working of a watch, and Mr. Bush's invention does it with
, un!iulin; accuracy, and the least possible exertion or trouble, the re-
+ ~•~•r;c ol• which was invariably the case before Bush's ruby pin setter ~
c:~:n~• into use. Mr. Bush has also invented a very neat little de-
~•irc to conveniently opening close•fitting watch cases, [he sale oC I
which, :rs well as of the ruby pin setter, is yielding a nice income to
th~• iuvcntor and manufacturer. This firm has $lo,ooo invested in
their Lusiness. Their store is looxa5, and one of the most inviting
awl :rttr:ulivc establishments in the \Vcst.
•1'Ire senior member of the firm came here from St. Purl, Minnesota,
a:ul i~[r. Roberts came from Grcelcy in 1583. Both arc exceedingly
;wl~~,lar member, of this community. '
~:•::vr.nr•.r AGCNCY OF THG BOSTON AND COLORADO SAtELTIATG
CO~II'ANY.
•I'hc name of this company is familiarly known in every mir.in~-
' in the West, and its operations are among the heaviest in their
p:u•ticular line in the world. Mr. E. Williams, the manager, has been '
hrrc lour yews, and has transacted an immense amount of business
-;.Y brtwcen his company and the miners. Only sampling• or assaying of !
n timall quantity of the ore brought in by the mincl-g is done in this
~=':y, but as it is from these samples the large purchases are made, it
''''I::ires a shrewd, skillful, and experienced man to act Cor any such
'~~':;t company as this. He has very pleasant office quarters, and a
;~•t structure gox8o in which to store the ore purchased, which has
~ '~!~~lcuy of tu•cnty tons per day: This industry is a very important i
'~,r 13culder, and no inconsiderable factor in the commerce of the
..;r
J!
3
.
ITdDI1TCf .INDUS11tIIiS OF 2l3"L FYFST. u5
city. It w~s established in r87G, and has beets ;t complete success
ever since.
' zt>rRirx ~ co. ~
Visitors to Colorado are not always awe-struck by any means at the
weird and wiicI scenery which nature has unfolded for their surprise,
for they ai•c in a great measure prepared by rcaciing• and_ hearsay for
• ~~•ar.das. When they drop into some of the [luiving,ctties, vill;;ges,
a.nct towns of this state, however, and witness tlic extensive mcrcantae
establishments, they are taken back, for in no way have they been'
"r.OaCl:ed" fU!' sUCl1 S.~t1S of business prOSpCCIty to a Sfetlon w11tCh
among the majority of eastern people is generally regarded :is a collec-
tinn of mining camlis and ranches, whose settlers obtain their supplies
iitr away Crom base. Messrs. Berlin & Co. commenced business here i; '~1;
in tSy6, and they handle hardware, stoves, timr•are, crockery, glass,
quccnsware, staple and Cmcy groceries, provisions, dour, country pro- I
duce of al! hinds, agricultural implements, wagons, etc., etc. Messrs. ; y;,
Kerlin & Co. have .christened .their establishment die " Mammoth ' '
•
~-r~-s6
BI~CRAPHICAL
NATHANIEL PETER HILL.
In the halls of congress Nathaniel P. Hill was one of the most influential sad
commanding figures; 4n his own state of Colorado he wa$ a leader among the cltlaens,
and one who was repeatedly delegated by them to carry the name sad interests of the -
Centennlal stets before national bodies. Nathaniel P. Hill was of rare ancestry. traces
of which can be identified as far back as Robert de la Hull, who "came into England
with ye Conqueror"; this ancient warrior lived at the hamlet of Hnll, now the Court of
Hill, Shropshire. From him the line may be noted down to Sir Moses Hill and his son,
Peter, who, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth in 1673. accompanied the earl of EsBez,
at the head of the English troops, to suppress the trouble known as 4'Neitt's Rebellion.
for which services the Hills vfere given large estates. Nathaniel Hill, the great-grand-
father of Senator Hill, came to the United States with wealth and located at a Scotch-
Iriah settlement west of the Hudson .river, then on the westernmost frontier, and
known as Dwarskill, in the precinct of Hanover, but now known sa the town oL
Crawford, Orange county, New York. His second eon, Peter, (1761.1796) was a captain
in Colonel James Clinton's Regiment of minute men at the age of twenty-four; he
was in command of his company, with twp lieutenants and afzty-flue men, on duty at
Fort Constitution, February 13, 1776, and was at Fort Montgomery, October 8, 1777.
Captain Hill's second son, Nathaniel Peter, father of Senator Hill, wa8 a lieutenant of
cavalry in the War of 1812 and was captain of the Orange Hussars for many years
thereafter. He served 1n the New York general assembly for four farms and was a
fudge of the court of common pleas from 1823 to 1826.
Nathaniel P. Hill, our immediate subject, was born at the old homestead in
Orange county, New York, February 18, 1832, and died 1a Denver, Colorado, May 22.
1904. The homestead mentioned was located about three mites east of Montgomery.
New York. Nathaniel P. was the third of seven children and, after the death of his
father, he succeeded his brother, James K., in the management o1 the home farm, aL
the same time attegding Montgomery Academy. He entered Brown University in the
• year 1863, there majoring in chemistry and graduating with honors in 1867. From
1869 until 1864 he occupied the chair of chemistry at Brown.
Hia knowledge of metallurgical subjects, particularly the chemistry processes,
t and his success at Brown University, resulted in certain capitalists of Providence and
" Boston seeking his services. These men had been pffered a tract of land in Colorado,
- called the QIIpin grant, sad they requested Mr. 13111 to invest[gate the tract and report
_ upon its characteristics. So it was that in the year 1864 he came to Colorado by
Concord coach. Blackhawk was his destination sad he arrived at a time when that
camp had reached a turning point owing to the lack of ecientifle methods of treating
ores. This brought a subject to his attention which was to result later is a change o1
metallurgical processes. to which the entire subsequent history of the state is due. In
a word, the free gold quartz had practically been dug. out and was succeeded by re•
!rectory copper, Iron and other ores; rich in gold, but which could not be worked in
the stamp mills.
Mr. Hlll twice more visited Colorado in 1866, endegvoring to arrive at some method
of handling the ores In pursuit of this knowledge he crossed the Atlantic to Swansea,
Wales, where he further studied the pre reduction methods used in the world known
smelters there. In the same year, 1868, he made a second trip to Swansea, carrying
with him samples of Colorado ore and which he proved to be amenable to the processes
there used. With this valuable knowledge he returned to the states and quickly
interested Boston and Providence capitalists in the future of the Blackhawk field.
These men subscribed two hundred and seventy-five thousand dollars and the Boston
t Colorado Smelting Company was organized in 1867; this company began the active
smelting work at Blackhawk in January, 1868. The business grew to such an eztent
that in 1875 a branch was established at Alma, Colorado. Products were received from
7
- : -
8 HISTORY OF COLORADO
e1l.perts of the miniug west and the eapita2 wen tneressed'to the sum of one million
dollars, and a larger establishment built at Argo, in the suburbs at Denver.
In addition to the above interests, Mr. Hill became identified with the United
Oil Company, which controlled the urger part of the oil output of Florence, Colorado.
He wan president of the Colorado smelting k Refining Company, the Denargo Land
Company and many other enterprises connected with the development of 'the west.
In politics Na*.haniel P. Hill was' a republican and quickly became a party leader.
He became noted as a toe of monopolies, although he himself was heavily interested
in many corporations. His first office of political nature was that of mayor of Black-
hawk in 1871. Theo in 1872 and 1873 he was a member of the territorial council.
In January, 1879, at the repnblicaa Caucus be was nominated for United States
senator and elected for a term of nit years, his term beginning March 4, 1878, when
he succeeded Jerome B. ChaIIee. During his service in the national lawmaking body
Senator Hill accomplished many conspicuous deeds sad was the instigator of 2nany
acts by congress. He was the author of the bill for the removal of the Uncompahgre
- Utee from southwestern Colorado to the Uintah~ reservation in Utah, also a bill appro-
printing money far the sinking of artesian wells. The section of school land in the
mineral districts, having been ezempted under the law donating to the state two seo-
tlo6s in each township, was of no value to Colorado. so Senator Hill introduced a bill
to take other land In lien of the sixteenth and thirty-sizth sections, found to be
mineral, and this finally became a law to 1884. The sum of three hundred thonssad
dollars was secured by appropriation for public building in Denver by the terms of
another bill which Senator Hill sponsored. He took a prominent part in the debate
over the tariff bill in 1883, championing the wool interests of Colorado and demanding .
that the tariff of 1867 be unchanged. He took special interest !n fighting the railroad
land grabbers and ezposed a stupendous fraud connected with the New Orleans,
Baton Rouge and Vicksburg land grant. His speeches on the postal telegraph and on
the silver question are among the most intelligent sad virile upon those snD~ects. The
service Senator Hill rendered to his state and country during his years in congress
were not unrewarded, for in 1891 President Harrison nominated him ss one of the
three members of the international monetary cammisafoa, a position of high honor and
trust. Hie last public appearance occurred in the year 1898, when he acted se repro-
. sentative of the Denver Chamber of Commerce to the bimetallic conference at Chicago
• and Washington. AS the owner of the Denver Republican for a number of years,
Senator Hill moulded to a great ezteat the republican policies of the aisle.
Senator Hill was married !n July, 1860, to Miss Alice Hale, who was born in
Providence, Rhode Island, !n January, 1840, and who died in Denver, Colorado, July
19, 1908. She was of New England stock, of that family which gave Nathan Hale, the
patriot. In Denver Mrs. Hill wsa a social leader and became a woman loved and
respected by reason of her charitable and ,philanthropic work. She was the founder of
the kindergarten system in the city and 'was ono of the chili workers for the Young
Women's Christian Association building. For twenty years she was the regent e_*
the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. The Hill mansion, located at the corner of
Welton and Fourteenth streets and now headquarters for the Mountain division of the
Red Cross, was for many gesis the center of the social activities o! the city. Four-
teenth street was then the best residence atreat of Denver and the Hill home occupied
a prominent position is the neighborhood of the residences of the Berger, Konntze and
other notable families. To Senator and Mrs. Hill were born three children, namely:
Crawford Hill of Denver, Mrs. Franklin Price Knott of Santa Barbara, California, and
Mrs. Lucius M. Cuthbert of Denver.
HON. LAWRENCE C. PHIYP$.
Hon. Lawrence C. Phlppe, United States senator from Colorado, former member
of the Colorado State Council of Defense and member of the Nattonal Ftnanee Com-
mittee of the American Red Cross Association, is turthernaore known is finanetal
circles of Denver by reason o! his exteualve investments in various corporations and
as a stockholder and director in various cummercial, mining and agricultural interests.
Mr. Phipps was born iii Amwell township, Washington county, Pennsylvania,
August 30, 1862, a son of the Rev. William Henry and Agnes (McCall) Phipps, the
former a native of England, while the latter was born in Dumfries, Scotland. He
graduated from the high scLooi at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, at the age of aiateen
years, and later won the honorary degree of piaster of Arts from Deaver University.
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