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HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 5B 844-850 12th St 07.01.26 MEMORANDUM TO THE LANDMARKS BOARD July 1, 2026 STAFF Brad Mueller, Director of Planning and Development Services Kristofer Johnson, Comprehensive Planning Senior Manager Chris Reynolds, Deputy City Attorney, City Attorney’s Office Marcy Gerwing, Principal Historic Preservation Planner Clare Brandt, Historic Preservation Planner Mariah Trujillo, Historic Preservation Program Coordinator CONSIDERATION OF LANDMARK DESIGNATION REQUEST Public hearing and consideration of an application to designate the property at 844-850 12th St. as an individual landmark, pursuant to Section 9-11-5 of the Boulder Revised Code 1981, and under the procedures prescribed by chapter 1-3, “Quasi-Judicial Hearings,” B.R.C. 1981. Address: 844-850 12th St. Legal Description: LOTS 11-12-13 BLK 24 UNIVERSITY PLACE Case Number: HIS2026-00125 Owner / Applicant: Joseph and Caroline Holmes Stepanek (STEPANEK JOSEPH F & CAROLINE H TRUSTEES) Case Type: Landmark Designation Code Section: 9-11-5, B.R.C., 1981 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This item is consideration of an owner-nominated landmark designation application for the property at 844-850 12th St. The property includes two houses constructed in 1920 and circa 1927. Staff considers the property eligible for designation based on historic significance of the first owner and long-term resident Elizabeth Heilman, who was a key volunteer for Boulder’s Red Cross during the First World War. In 1920, she commissioned fellow Red Cross volunteer and architect David H. Holmes to design the front house on the property. She added the rear house in 1927 and lived here until her death in 1942. Subsequent owners, Grace and Florence Bedell are also historically significant. The sisters, both professors in Home Economics taught nutrition and other scientific subjects essential for families struggling through the Great Depression. The front house is significant for its architecture as Boulder’s only extant representation of David Hull Holmes’ more modest vernacular work in the Southwest Mediterranean Style. The board’s options are to recommend approval to City Council; modify and recommend approval; or recommend denial of the proposed designation. PUBLIC COMMENT Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 1 of 38 To date, staff has received no public comment regarding this application. STAFF RECOMMENDATION Staff recommends the Landmarks Board forward the application to the City Council with a recommendation to designate the property as an individual landmark to be known as the Heilman–Bedell Property. If designated, it would be Boulder’s 224th individual landmark. RECOMMENDED MOTION The Landmarks Board recommends to the City Council that it designate the property at 844-850 12th St. as a local historic landmark, to be known as the Heilman–Bedell Property, finding that it meets the standards for individual landmark designation in Sections 9-11-1 and 9-11-2, B.R.C. 1981, and adopt the staff memorandum dated July 1, 2026, as the findings of the board. BACKGROUND On April 29, 2026, the Planning and Development Services Dept. accepted an application to designate the house as an individual local landmark. A hearing must be scheduled between 60 and 120 days of an accepted application (between June 26 and August 7, 2026). PROPERTY LOCATION The property at 844-850 12th St. is located midblock between Aurora Avenue and Cascade Avenue on 12th Street. The rear of the property abuts an unnamed alley. The property includes two structures: the primary house (850 12th St.) faces west onto 12th Street and has a traditional setback from the street; the accessory house (844 12th St.) faces west and is set back toward the alley. The property is located within the identified potential University Hill Historic District. The district was identified in 1992 as a potentially eligible National Register Historic District with a period of significance from 1892 to 1942.1 At the time of the survey, neither 844 12th St. nor 850 12th St. were identified as a contributing feature of the proposed district, however additional research demonstrates eligibility. Figure 1. Location Map of Boulder showing 844-850 12th St. west of the University main campus within the potential University Historic District. eMapLink (link). Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 2 of 38 Figure 2. Location of 844-850 12th St. midblock between Aurora and Cascade Avenues. eMapLink (link). ARCHITECTURAL DESCRIPTION & CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES 850 12th St. The house addressed 850 12th St. was surveyed in 1991 and 2001 and found to be representative “of the many dwellings constructed in the University Hill neighborhood of Boulder during the 1920s, and reflects early 20th Century architectural influences through its gabled roof with overhanging eaves and exposed rafters; smooth stuccoed wall cladding; and multi-light windows.”2 11th Street Aurora Avenue 13th Street 12th Street Cascade Avenue Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 3 of 38 Figure 3. Street-facing façade showing the stuccoed house with low-pitched side-gabled roof with exposed rafters, purlins and overhanging eaves. Staff photograph. The building on the northwest corner of the lots (850 12th St.) is a brick and stucco house constructed in 1920 in the Mediterranean-Revival style.3 Due to the topography, the building is one-story at the façade and two-story at the rear. The building has a gable-on-gable roof, with a side gable. The roof is low pitch, with exposed rafters and purlins, and wide overhanging eaves. The roof is asphalt shingle with masonry chimneys. The central chimney has been stuccoed. The building is masonry construction clad in smooth stucco. The windows are typically divided-lite and recessed into the stucco in punched openings. The building rests on a concrete foundation. Figure 4. West elevation (facing 12th Street) showing the side gable roof with stucco-clad building below. Staff photographs. The west elevation, facing 12th Street, features an open arched entry, which leads to an enclosed entrance porch at the north side of the façade. The arched entry includes a concrete stoop and is flanked by masonry walls clad in stucco and capped with formed concrete. The entry porch includes a single six-lite vertically oriented casement Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 4 of 38 window centered within the archway. There is a wood-framed, multi-lite entry door on the north elevation of the entry porch. Other windows on the façade include a small six-lite vertically oriented casement window to the south of the entry arch; and a trio of large single-lite vertical windows near the southwest corner of the house. This trio of windows are framed within the punched opening. Figure 5. Northwest corner and north elevation showing the puched window openings, exposed purtins and soffit. Staff photographs. The north elevation includes the visible roof purlins of the side gable and a vent in the gable end. There is an entry door in a punched opening at the west end of this elevation, with a concrete step up to the door. Windows on this elevation include a trio of square 4-lite casement windows toward the west (front) of the house. These windows are framed within the punched opening. Further toward the rear, there is a single square 4-lite casement window. The end of the rear gable projects at this elevation to form a shed roof under the east end of the gable roof. Under this part of the roof there are a pair of vertically oriented 10-lite windows. Figure 6. East (rear) elevation showing the rear gable and gable roof projection that forms the entry to the original garage. Staff photographs. The east (rear) elevation of the house includes the rear facing gable roof with visible roof purlins and a single vent in the gable end. The upper-level windows are varied and include a grouping of three 10-lite vertically oriented casement windows toward the right (north) side, a matching group of three vertical 10-lite casements at the center of the elevation, and a single-lite small window between. At the left (south) side of this elevation, there is a trio of Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 5 of 38 double-hung framed windows. At the lower level, centered beneath the trio of windows above and the pediment of the roof, there are a pair of 10-lite vertically oriented casement windows. The right (north) side of this elevation includes a frame projection with a gable roof that projects approximately 24 inches. The projection is flanked by the concrete retaining walls for a single car garage. The original garage door opening has been modified to include a sliding glass door. Figure 7. Left: South (side) elevation from the southeast corner (looking toward 12th Street). Right: South elevation from the the front of the house. Staff photographs. The south (side) elevation includes a large, stepped chimney at the center of the front side gable. The chimney is clad in stone at the lower half and stuccoed above. Above the roofline, the stucco is partially adhered to the brick. There is a single 4-lite square casement window on the left (west) side of the chimney and a pair of vertical 10-lite casements on the right (east) side of the chimney. The end of the rear gable projects at this elevation to form a shed roof under the east end of the gable roof. Under this part of the roof there are multiple double hung windows and an entry door. The windows and doors are wood framed at this rear part of the elevation. David Hull Holmes, architect David Hull Holmes was born July 18, 1873 in St. Louis, Missouri.4 He was the oldest of three brothers: Horace Burbank Holmes was born in 1877 and Jesse Harrison Holmes, Jr. was born in 1879. David graduated from the St. Louis Manual Training School and interned for the architectural firm of Eames and Young. He travelled throughout the western United States after graduation, living for a few years in Boulder at the end of the 1890s, where his parents and brother, Horace, had settled. In 1898, David accepted a teaching position at the newly formed Territorial University in Tucson, Arizona (now the University of Arizona–Tucson). He designed buildings for the university, the Carnegie Institution’s desert botanical laboratory, as well as hotels, homes and businesses in Tucson. Together with his youngest brother Jesse “Jack” Holmes, David formed Holmes and Holmes architectural firm in 1905, which added multiple other residential and commercial buildings to the portfolio, including the Trinity Presbyterian Church, the Old Pueblo Club, the Rodgers Hospital, Heidel Hotel (McCarther Building), the 1908 Rincon Apartments, the University of Arizona Science Hall, the Whitwell Hospital.5 The Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation credits David with creating Tucson’s iconic Southwestern Mediterranean style, featuring thick stucco walls, deep overhangs, efficient ventilation and natural cooling, and Mediterranean styles and motifs without excesses of ornamentation. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 6 of 38 David’s brother, Horace, died unexpectedly in 1917.6 David relocated to Boulder to help run Horace’s mining businesses including the Luckie Two Tungsten Company. Although World War I increased the demand for tungsten, it slowed the need for architectural work. David completed a handful of buildings during and immediately after the war, including 570 Highland Ave. (constructed in 1918) for himself and his wife, Helen,7 the “new Harold Marshall bungalow at 15th and Grandview” in 1919,8 and Elizabeth Heilman’s house at 850 12th St. in 1920. He designed and built 720 11th St. in 1923 for his parents, Clara B. and Jesse Harrison Holmes, Sr., who had purchased the property a decade earlier. They never moved into the house and Jesse Holmes passed away the following year. David lived in the house from 1934 until his death on January 19, 1967. The property at 720 11th St. was designated the David Hull Holmes House, an individual local landmark in 1990, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2018.9 In 1927, David designed and built 1123 Baseline Road, also in the Mediterranean style, and lived there with wife Helen until her death in 1929. The 1986 Survey of the house found it to be eligible for the National Register as a representative of the “work of Boulder architect David H. Holmes. It reflects Holmes' frequent utilization of rounded arches, simplicity of facade and superior craftsmanship.”10 David was very involved in Civic work in Boulder: He served as the treasurer of the Boulder Chapter of the Red Cross, as delegate and committee member for the Boulder Commercial Association, Chair of the State Highway Committee, and the inaugural City Park and Planning Commission in 1919. The house at 850 12th St. shares elements of David’s signature Mediterranean style, including its horizontal form, exposed raftertails, arched opening, stucco and divided lite windows. However, the house is unique in its modest size and detailing that reflect the client’s desires and budget. The Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation provides the following in their biography of David Hull Holmes: … Mr. Holmes established his architectural vision, his innovations, thereby separating “Eastern” accepted building design standards from the beginnings of “Western” factors and influences. To this day his multiple works in Tucson, both on campus and off, reflect the South West: thick walls; local materials; deep overhangs; efficient ventilation and natural cooling; multi- and natural colors; with Mediterranean styles and motifs. All of which came to define his work in the decades to come. David stayed away from the excesses of ornamentation.11 The National Register Nomination for David Hull Holmes House at 720 11th Street, prepared in 2018 by Joe and Caroline Stepanek and Amy Unger, provides the following: The 1918 residence at 570 Highland Street and the house Holmes designed at 850 12th Street in 1920 are in- keeping with the white stucco-clad homes he designed during the latter part of his career in Tucson. Both homes are notable for their clean, bold lines, deep roof overhangs and stripped-down simplicity…The integrity of 850 12th Street is high and the home is currently owned by Holmes’s grandniece, Caroline Stepanek, and her husband Joseph.12 Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 7 of 38 Figure 8. Left: David Hull Holmes, circa 1940.13Right: David H. Holmes, far right, teaching a drawing class at Arizona University, ca. 1901. From A Photographic History of the University of Arizona, University of Arizona Foundation.14 844 12th St. The architect for the rear house (844 12th St.) is currently unknown. Elizabeth Heilman obtained a permit to build the house in 1927.15 The house was surveyed in 1991 and 2001. The survey states that “This small dwelling reflects vernacular architecture, as well as early 20th Century influences, through its gabled roof, shingled walls, and multi-light windows. A number of back lot houses were constructed in Boulder neighborhoods and were often rented to students.”16 Further research has identified that Elizabeth Heilman built the house on the southern lot for herself in 1927 and resided there until 1942. The building on the southeast corner of the lots (844 12th St.) is a frame L- gable house constructed in 1927. Like the front house, the building is one-story at the façade and two-story at the side and rear due to the topography of the lot. The building has a side gable roof, with a front gable entrance porch facing 12th Street and a very low pitch hipped roof at the rear (facing the alley). The roof is asphalt shingle with masonry chimneys. The building is clad with painted wood shingle. The windows are generally divided lite. The building rests on an exposed concrete foundation which comprises the lower level. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 8 of 38 Figure 9. West elevation of 844 12th St. (facing 12th Street) from within the property. Staff photograph. The west elevation (façade) is not visible from 12th Street as it is set back on the lot. This elevation appears one story due to the lot topography and includes the side of the gable roof. There is a gable roofed projection on the right (south) side of the elevation with overhanging eaves and an open eave return. This projection includes a central entrance door with a light centered above. Centered under the side of the gable roof, there is a group of three vertically oriented 8-lite windows. Figure 10. North elevation showing the low-pitched hipped roof projection to the east and the single car garage. Staff photographs. The north elevation features the gable end of the main gable roof on the right (west) side and a very shallow pitch hipped roof on the left (east side). The hipped roof includes a central masonry chimney. This elevation includes a Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 9 of 38 group of three vertically oriented 8-lite windows centered below the gable, two 3-over-one wide double hung windows evenly spaced toward the center of the building, an entrance door under a shed roof toward the left (east) side and a pair of vertically oriented 8-lite windows at the northeast corner. The entrance door includes wood steps leading from ground level. At the lower level, the concrete foundation is exposed. There are concrete retaining walls at the right (west) side that flank a half-lite single car garage door. There is a window opening in the concrete to the left (east) of the garage door that is filled at the lower half and 6-lite above. Figure 11. East elevation (facing alley) showing the central chimney and flanking windows. Staff photograph. The east elevation, facing the alley, is dominated by a stepped masonry chimney at the center. Flanking the chimney on the upper level, there are two paired vertically oriented 8-lite windows. The windows are mirrored at the lower level punched into the concrete wall. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 10 of 38 Figure 12. Left: Southeast corner showing the upper level clad in wood siding and the lower level concrete with punched window openings. Staff photographs. The south elevation roof form mirrors the north elevation. This upper level of this elevation includes a group of four vertically oriented 8-lite windows centered below the gable, a single vertically oriented 8-lite window toward the center of the building, and a group of four vertically oriented 8-lite windows at the southeast corner. The lower level includes exposed concrete with punched openings including a single multi-lite window toward the center and a group of four vertically oriented 8-lite windows aligned with the windows above in the southeast corner. Integrity A property may be eligible for landmark designation if it meets the criteria outlined in the Significance Criteria for Individual Landmarks (link). However, the buildings must also retain physical features that allow them to convey that significance. The National Park Service provides standards 17 in the “aspects of integrity” that can be used to define whether a building retains enough integrity to convey appropriate historical associations or attributes. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 11 of 38 Figure 13. 850 12th St. circa 1929 18 (top left) and circa 1967-1971 (top right, courtesy of Joe Stepanek) and 1991 19 (bottom). Figure 14. 844 12th St. circa 1929 20 (top) and circa 1967-1971 (bottom left, courtesy of Joe Stepanek) and 1991 21 (bottom right). Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 12 of 38 Figure 15. Left: East elevation (rear) of both houses (844 12th St. on left, 850 12th St. on right) in 1937.22Right: East elevation (rear) of 850 12th St. circa 1967-1971 (courtesy of Joe Stepanek). While the buildings have seen changes over the last century, both retain a high degree of historic integrity. The rear house (844 12th St.) included a north entrance and deck as early as 1937, which was replaced in 1964. The original wood shingle roof was replaced to meet current building codes. A bathroom was installed in the basement of 850 12th St. (the front house) circa 1967, and the garage converted around that same time. The larger window openings at the southeast corner of the house and the trio of windows at the façade appear to be a modification made prior to 1967. The houses are both in their original location and much of the setting remains. The design, the form, plan, space, structure, and style, of the original structures are the generally same. The modifications to infill the garage door opening at the rear (east elevation) of 850 12th St. (c. 1967) and enlarged window openings does not negatively impact the design. Most of the original materials remain, including the stucco (850 12th St.) and wood shingle (844 12th St.), masonry chimneys, and many of the multi-lite windows. The original workmanship of the building is apparent, and the historic character of the building conveys the feeling and association with the building’s early history. Character-defining features of the front house (850 12th St.) include the smooth stucco, the arched entry at the façade, the multi-lite windows in punched openings in the stucco, and the stepped stone chimney. Character- defining features of the rear house (844 12th St.) include the shingle cladding, the multi-lite windows, the garage door, and the stepped stone chimney. AREA HISTORY This area is the ancestral homelands and unceded territory of Indigenous Peoples who have traversed, lived in and stewarded lands in the Boulder Valley since time immemorial. The 1851 Treaty of Horse Creek defined the extended Great Plains, including the Boulder Valley, as belonging to the tribes. However, when gold was discovered in the mountains nearby, sixty men signed an agreement that organized the Boulder City Town Company and preemptively claimed 1,280 acres alongside Boulder Creek. By the summer of 1859, thousands of gold seekers were in the Boulder area, unlawfully occupying Indigenous lands.23 In 1861, the Federal Government negotiated a new treaty with the Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 13 of 38 tribes, one that the tribal representatives contest. The Treaty of Fort Wise took more than fifty million acres of Tribal land and legally restricted the First Peoples to an area in southeastern Colorado. The Boulder men could now own the preempted land, and the “public” lands surrounding Boulder, under laws of the United States. In 1871, a town government was organized under Boulder County regulations and included the original townsite and additions to the east, south and west.24 The original Trustees chose the site of the University of Colorado “on the hill south of Boulder Creek, [where] it commanded an excellent view of the town to the north. At the same time, because of the steepness of the north side of the hill facing the creek, expansion of the city’s boundaries in that direction would not likely take place for many years.”25 By 1887, Anthony and Mary Arnett owned nearly 200 acres south of College Avenue (from Sixth Street to Broadway). As plans for the University solidified, the Arnetts saw the future potential of the area and partnered with the Denver and Boulder Land & Investment Co. to plat the area in 1890. They gradually sold lots to individuals as development investments.26 Only a few lots were developed during the 1890s, but that changed with the arrival of the Texas–Colorado Chautauqua and the construction of a streetcar line in 1898. The streets were renamed with the development of the streetcar, which created Lincoln Place. The streetcar route ran down Ninth Street from Chautauqua Park at Baseline Road, along College Avenue, back up 14th Street, along Aurora Avenue back to Chautauqua Park on 10th Street. The streetcar connected to downtown and beyond along Broadway. About half of all lots in the University Place neighborhood were developed between the arrival of the Colorado Chautauqua and the streetcar and 1920. However, the early development was overshadowed by the building boom of the 1920s. In the early years, the Denver and Boulder Land & Investment Co. placed a restriction on the lots they held that “all dwellings shall be built of brick, or brick and stone combined,” likely to maintain exclusiveness of the neighborhood as brick and stone buildings were more expensive.27 However, in 1906, the Denver and Boulder Land & Investment Co. sold many of the remaining lots to the Northern Colorado Investment Co. and eliminated the requirement.28 As the Northern Colorado Investment Company began selling these unrestricted lots, the area saw the development of smaller vernacular houses as well as accessory dwelling units in the neighborhood. Elizabeth Heilman purchased lots 11 and 12 in Block 24 of University Place from the Northern Colorado Investment Co. in 1919.29 Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 14 of 38 Figure 16. Annotated 1898 map showing the neighborhood plat, renaming of the streets, and streetcar line from Chautauqua Park. The location of the three lots comprising 844-850 12th St.30 PROPERTY HISTORY The property and houses at 850 and 844 12th St. have had many stewards over the last century. The first owner, Elizabeth Heilman was a key volunteer for Boulder’s Red Cross during the First World War. Elizabeth bought lots 11 and 12 (the two northernmost lots) in May 1919.31 She commissioned fellow Red Cross volunteer and architect David H. Holmes to design and build 850 12th St.32 She purchased the adjacent lot to the south (844 12th St.) in 1923 and built the smaller house in 1927.33 She lived there until her death in 1942 while renting out the larger house. Subsequently, Grace and Florence Bedell purchased the property. Grace and Florence were sisters, both retired professionals who had both worked in the new field of Home Economics. They lived in the larger house while renting the smaller house at the rear of the lot. The property was purchased by the Stepanek family in 1967. They lived there until 1971 and subsequently rented out both houses. Details of each owner and notable renters follow: Elizabeth Heilman (1919 – 1942) Elizabeth was born in Kittanning, Pennsylvania on January 26, 1885.34 Her parents, James Tyson Heilman and May Mechling, married on June 10, 1880 in Kittanning.35 At the time, James worked as a clerk in a store. James and May divorced before 1892. May and children, Neal Miller (born in April 17, 1881) and Elizabeth lived with May’s father, Frank, and Aunt Agnes. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 15 of 38 Frank, born Franklin Mechling was born in 1826. He trained as a lawyer and was admitted to the Bar in 1847. He served in Company B of the 78th Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, fighting for the Union, from October 12, 1861 until November 4, 1864.36 After his discharge as a Second Lieutenant, Frank was elected District Attorney to Pennsylvania House of Representatives. He continued to work as a lawyer until his death in 1898. Frank bequeathed his house to his daughter, May. Elizabeth continued to live with her mother, May, in Kittanning, Pennsylvania, and taught drawing from their home.37 May died on April 27, 1916.38 By 1918, Elizabeth had left Pennsylvania and was employed (likely on a voluntary basis) as “publicity agent” for the Red Cross.39 She purchased the two lots in Boulder in May, 1919 and hired architect David H. Holmes to design and build 850 12th St. by October.40 David Holmes volunteered as treasurer of the Boulder Chapter of the Red Cross and worked closely with Elizabeth. However, once construction was complete, Elizabeth did not move into the house. She rented it out, first to John C. Brice and Mary “May” Brice. John and May moved to Boulder from Omaha, Nebraska in 1920.41 John was vice president of Saller Dry Goods.42 They lived at 850 12th St. from 1921 through 1923.43 After the Brice family, Elizabeth rented the house to George Alfred Taff, Jr and Kathleen M. Taff, who stayed through 1926.44 Elizabeth boarded with others in Boulder for about a decade until 1927. She spent many of these years living with Kate Marsh, also a Red Cross volunteer, at 932 15th St. and other locations.45 Both Elizabeth and Kate volunteered for Red Cross work with David Holmes. The Boulder Daily Camera noted: David Holmes, treasurer of the Boulder Chapter of the Red Cross, assisted by Mrs. Kate Marsh and Miss Elizabeth Heilman, has collected about $50,000 of the subscriptions in big and small amounts made during the drive of the spring of 1918. It has been a work of love with these people and the ladies have given their time to it as regularly and assiduously as tho they were paid for it.46 In 1923, Elizabeth purchased the adjacent lot to the south (844 12th St.). However, she didn’t start construction on the house on the lot until 1927. Elizabeth and Kate moved into the house at the front of the property (850 12th St.)47 while the five-room frame house at the rear was under construction.48 The rear house was complete in early 1928 and they moved in shortly after.49 In September, 1929, Elizabeth rented the front property to Annie Dennis of Waco, Texas, who lived there with her granddaughter and two domestic servants.50 Elizabeth continued to live at the rear house until her death. She continued to rent out the front house, to John T. Morgan (1932-1936) and then William H. Reynolds (1936-1942). Her estate sold the property and both houses after she died in 1942.51 Kate Lombard Clarke Marsh Kate was born Kate Lombard Clarke around 1869 in New Haven, Connecticut.52 She married Frank Marsh, a widower 14 years her senior, in Connecticut on September 28, 1897.53 Kate and Frank divorced before 190054 and Kate had moved to Boulder by 1903.55 Kate’s mother, Catherine Clarke also moved to Boulder by 1910.56 Kate purchased the property at 932 15th St. in August 1918 where she lived with her mother, Catherine.57 Elizabeth Heilman lived with them between 1920 and 1927. Kate moved into Elizabeth’s house at 850 12th St. in 1927 and then with Elizabeth into the newly constructed house at 844 12th St. in 1928. Kate and Elizabeth lived together, on and off, for more than a decade. After 1932, Kate moved back to 932 15th St.58 Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 16 of 38 Annie Susan Kirkpatrick Dennis and Susanne Carroll; Margaret P. Roberts; Sam Dawson Annie Dennis and her granddaughter, Susanne Carrol, rented the house at 850 12th St. between 1929 and 1932. Annie and Susanne both grew up in Waco, Texas. The family is notable as the household included two domestic servants, who came with the family from Waco. At the time of the 1930 Census, a few households in Boulder listed a “maid” or “cook,” especially in larger houses. However, specific listings of “servant” are very rare, especially in more modest houses like 850 12th St. In 1928, a study by the National Council on Household Employment cited declining availability of domestic servants. “Wealthier women wanted reliable, cheap, willing labor, but poorer women (many of them black) did not want to be their servants.”59 The Great Depression (1929 to 1939), limited the people who were still able to afford domestic servants. According to Faye E. Dudden in the Journal of Social History, “the [National Council on Household Employment] saw that employers who continued to hire domestic workers during the Depression believed that they did a worker a favor by offering her [sic] a job at all.” 60 She notes that some people even stopped paying servants altogether, offering instead an “opportunity home” that traded food and shelter for domestic work.61 While we will never know if Annie Dennis appropriately paid her domestic help, we know that both Margaret P. Roberts and Sam Dawson worked in the household. Although Sam is listed as a chauffeur, research by historian Catherine Stewart demonstrates that employment of men as domestic work was not unusual, writing “I think traditionally the stereotype and the assumption has been that it was always women doing domestic work, and I think it really changes the picture when we think about African American men working in private households as domestic staff and domestic laborers.”62 We know very little about Margaret P. Roberts and her family. She was born in Alabama around 1877, and her parents were undoubtably enslaved. By 1902, she and Lewis R. Roberts were married and the couple lived in Waco, Texas. Margaret worked as a cook for Emma C. Cunningham, who ran a boardinghouse.63 Margaret and Lewis lived with Emma and Lewis worked as a waiter at a hotel. By 1904, Margaret and Lewis lived at the house of James B. Baker, Mayor of Waco, and president of Waco Savings Bank. Lewis worked as a waiter in a hotel while Margaret worked as a domestic servant in the Baker house.64 From 1907 until 1910, she worked for Frances Hart “Fannie” Kirkpatrick Prather, widow of Dr. William Lambdin Prather, president of the University of Texas (Dr. Prather died in 1905.)65 Both Lewis and Margaret lived at the Prather house (the rear). Lewis continued to work as a waiter until about 1910 when he found work as a tailor and “clothes cleaner.” After working as a cook at various residences from 1910, Margaret started working for Annie Dennis in 1928, also as a cook.66 Lewis remained in Waco, Texas while Margaret was in Boulder. He worked as a laborer at a cemetery in 1930, but had found work as a salesman by 1934 when Margaret returned to Texas.67 We know even less about Sam Dawson, who (according to the 1930 Census) was born in Texas around 1908.68 Sam does not appear in the Waco City Directory either before 1929, or after when Annie Dennie returned to Texas.69 Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 17 of 38 Figure 17. The houses and surrounding neighborhood in 1938.70 Grace D Bedell and Florence J. Bedell (1942 – 1959) Grace and Florence Bedell purchased the property from Elizabeth Heilman’s estate in 1942. Grace and Florence were sisters, both retired professionals. They both worked in the new field of Home Economics. The Bureau of Home Economics, within the United States Department of Agriculture, was created in 1923 to research “the scientific basis for the mechanics of living”: not what to do in the home, but why; not recipes, but principles.71 Both highly educated in the science, Grace and Florence spent the 1920s and 1930s teaching nutrition, chemistry of sanitation, emotional health in family life, textile care, and many other scientific subjects essential for families struggling through the Great Depression. Grace was born on November 5, 1887 72; Florence on Sept. 23, 1889 73 in Kansas. They were the third and fourth children of David Bedell and Florence Fleming Bedell. David worked as a jeweler in Dodge City, Kansas.74 Both Grace and Florence received bachelor’s degrees from the University of Kansas. David and Florence F. and their sons, Harry (born 1881) and Frank (born 1885), moved to Falfurrias, Texas around 1915 to ranch cattle. David died on September 16, 1915 soon after moving to Texas, and so eldest daughter, Grace, found a teaching position in Texas to live with her mother.75 Grace was supervisor of Home Economics for high schools in Austin, Texas, and taught in multiple universities before she was hired as the head of home economics at Sul Ross State College in Alpine, Texas in 1920.76 She held the post for two decades before purchasing the property at 844-850 12th St. with her sister and moving to Boulder in 1941: Miss Florence Bedell, assistant professor of home economics at the University, and her sister Miss Grace Bedell, have purchased two houses in the estate of Miss Elizabeth Haeilman at 850 and 844 12th street and moved Monday into the one at 844 12th. They have redecorated and rearranged it and will rent the larger house at 850 12th for the duration. After the war, when building materials are available, they will improve the larger home and move into it.77 However, Grace only stayed 18 months in Boulder before accepting a civil service position with the Department of Agriculture as a Government Food Inspector to help the war effort: Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 18 of 38 She will report July 1 [1943] at Santa Ana, Calif., for six months of training and then will be sent elsewhere to inspect dehydrated and canned foods for the armed forces. Miss Bedell has lived in Boulder with her sister, Miss Florence Bedell of the University home economics faculty, and plans to return here after the war. Miss Florence Bedell will remain in the home at 844 12th street which they recently purchased.78 Grace returned to Boulder in 1944. Florence also taught Home Economics. She taught in high schools in Kansas before coming to Boulder in 1926. According to an article written in 1990: Florence Bedell received a bachelor’s degree from the University of Kansas, a master’s from the University of Colorado and had done further graduate work at Teachers College, Columbia University. ... Florence Bedell became an assistant professor of home economics at the University [of Colorado–Boulder] here and retired in 1946 after 21 years on the faculty. She then taught various academic terms at the University of Alabama and the University of Otago at Duneden, New Zealand. She also accepted appointments to teach and later to serve as head of the home economics department at Central Michigan State College for several terms in the early 1950s.79 In retirement, Grace and Florence travelled extensively. Additionally, they both volunteered at the Boulder Historical Society, using their textile skills honed during the depression to rehabilitate and preserve clothing, quilts, upholstered items and other textiles. Florence additionally served as the Boulder Historical Society president, vice president, trustee and curator over the years. Grace and Florence Bedell sold the property to Professor Delbert and Billie Duncan in 1959 and moved to the newly-built Frasier Meadows retirement home, after going on a 12,600-mile cruise. Figure 18. Left: Grace Bedell, Mrs. Edith Romig, and Florence Bedell in Odessa, Russia during their world tour cruise in 1960. Right: “At Home in Monor – the Misses Grace and Florence Bedell, retired college professors and world travellers, enjoy their comfortable apartment at Frasier Meadows Manor.” February 1962. Delbert “Bert” James Duncan and Elizabeth Ann “Billie” Peairs Duncan (1959 – 1962) Delbert “Bert” James Duncan and Elizabeth Ann “Billie” Peairs Duncan purchased the property from Grace and Florence Bedell in 1959 and lived there until 1962. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 19 of 38 Bert was born in American Fork, Utah on June 8, 1895. Billie was born Elizabeth Ann Peairs on August 23, 1903 in Michigan, although she spent her childhood in Fort Worth, Texas. Bille attended Hardin Simmons College and taught in Abilene for two years before marrying Bert on March 18, 1929.80 Bert graduated with a bachelor’s degree from the University of Utah in 1918, and an MBA from Harvard in 1921. After working as a bookkeeper for a short time, Bert soon obtained a position at the University of Colorado – Boulder, where he taught from 1924 until 1930.81 He left to attend Northwestern University, where he taught and earned his Doctorate in 1935. Bert returned to Boulder as Dean of the School of Business in 1953, but stayed only three years before leaving to accept a position as professor of marketing at the University of California–Berkeley. Between 1953 and 1956, Billie served as the President of the Boulder Historical Society. The family returned to Boulder in February 1959 after purchasing the property at 844-850 12th St. However, they soon moved back to California where they spent their retirement. They sold the property in April 1962 to Margaret Porter.82 Figure 19. Left: Billie (left), Bert (right) flanking their niece Jean and her son, Jerry. Circa 1960. Right: Bert, January 1954. Boulder Daily Camera. Margaret Louise Cordes Kienker Porter (1962 – 1967) Margaret Porter purchased the property in 1962 and owned it for five years although she doesn’t appear to have lived in either house. Margaret was born in Ohio on Sept. 25, 1897.83 She lived in Oxford, Ohio until her marriage to Reverend Eliot Porter in the 1950s. Rev. Porter was Chaplain of the Presbyterian Hospital in Denver but traveled widely to hold seminars on counseling for Presbyterian ministers, and as a Bible class teacher.84 Rev. Porter died in 1964 and Margaret lived at 1050 Arapahoe Ave. in 1966 85 before selling the property on 12th Street the following year and moving back to Ohio. Joseph and Caroline Stepanek (1967 – Current) Newly married couple Caroline and Joseph Stepanek purchased the property in 1967 with the support and encouragement of Caroline’s parents, Horace “Bud” and June Holmes. Bud was the nephew of David Hull Holmes, architect of the front house at 850 12th St, and Caroline is David’s grandniece. Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 20 of 38 Caroline and Joe married on April 22, 1967, and spent the next few months travelling throughout Mexico. Joe writes this about their return to Boulder: The morning after we arrived we were touring houses June thought we might like in Boulder. This decision proved remarkably fortuitous; as we were soon the owners of two small houses on University Hill at 850 and 844 12th Street. June explained that the 12th Street houses had been designed by a member of their family, Bud’s Uncle David Hull Holmes. And importantly, we could rent out 844 and a room in our house at 850 and so make the mortgage payment of $149.12 a month. It was a bit of a shock but ultimately a welcome one to transit from a penniless student to landlord in a matter of one week. With help from family we installed a basement bathroom and converted the coal bin into a storeroom.86 Joe and Caroline, and daughter Julie, lived in 850 12th St. from 1967 until 1971, while Joe taught at the University of Colorado–Boulder and completed his Doctorate. In 1971, the family left Boulder to begin Joe’s 25-year career working for USAID around the world. They rented out both houses. When they returned in 1996, they purchased 702 11th St., David Hull Holmes House, from Bud and June. Figure 20. Caroline and Joseph Stepanek outside 850 12th St., circa 1967. Coutesy of Joe Stepanek. PURPOSE AND CRITERIA FOR THE BOARD’S DECISION Section 9-11-5(c), Public Hearing Before the Landmarks Board, B.R.C. 1981, specifies that in their review of an application for local landmark designation, the landmarks board shall determine whether the proposed designation conforms with the purposes and standards in Section 9-11-1, Purpose and Legislative Intent, and Section 9-11-2, City Council May Designate or Amend Landmarks and Historic Districts. The Significance Criteria for Individual Landmarks (link) was adopted by the Landmarks Board on Sept. 17, 1975. STAFF ANALYSIS The following is a result of staff’s research of the property relative to the Significance Criteria for Individual Landmarks (link). Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 21 of 38 HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE: Summary: The property located at 844-850 12th St. meets the following historic significance criteria. 1. Date of Construction: 1920 (850 12th St.) and c. 1928 (844 12th St.) Elaboration: Boulder County records the year of construction of both houses as 1920. However, the rear house was not completed until 1928. 2. Association with Persons or Events: The property at 844-850 12th St. has had a number of stewards over the last Century. The first owner, Elizabeth Heilman, was a key volunteer for Boulder’s Red Cross during the First World War. Elizabeth bought lots 11 and 12 (the two northernmost lots) in May 1919. She commissioned fellow Red Cross volunteer and architect David H. Holmes to design and build 850 12th St. She purchased the adjacent lot to the south (844 12th St.) in 1923 and built the smaller house in 1927. She lived there until her death in 1942. Subsequently, Grace and Florence Bedell purchased the property. Grace and Florence were sisters, both retired professionals who had both worked in the new field of Home Economics. 3. Distinction in the Development of the Community: As mentioned in the survey of the University Hill neighborhood in 1992, the area is important to the “historic development of Boulder, reflected in such aspects as its streetcar system, the university campus, boarding houses and the houses of fraternities and sororities, and University Hill school and business district.” 4. Recognition by Authorities: Front Range Research Associates, Inc.; National Register Nomination for 720 11th St. (David Hull Holmes House) Elaboration: The house addressed 850 12th St. was surveyed in 1991 and 2001 and found to be representative “of the many dwellings constructed in the University Hill neighborhood of Boulder during the 1920s, and reflects early 20th Century architectural influences through its gabled roof with overhanging eaves and exposed rafters; smooth stuccoed wall cladding; and multi-light windows.”87 The National Register Nomination for 720 11th St. (David Hull Holmes House) notes that “the house Holmes designed at 850 12th Street in 1920 [is] in-keeping with the white stucco-clad homes he designed during the latter part of his career in Tucson. … notable for their clean, bold lines, deep roof overhangs and stripped-down simplicity. … The integrity of 850 12th Street is high and the home is currently owned by Holmes’s grandniece, Caroline Stepanek, and her husband Joseph.88 The house addressed 844 12th St. was surveyed in 1991 and 2001. The survey states that “This small dwelling reflects vernacular architecture, as well as early 20th Century influences, through its gabled roof, shingled walls, and multi-light windows. A number of back lot houses were constructed in Boulder neighborhoods and were often rented to students.”89 Further research has identified that students were not primarily residents of the houses. ARCHITECTURAL SIGNIFICANCE: Summary: The buildings at 844-850 12th St. meet the following architectural significance criteria. 1. Recognized Period or Style: Southwest Mediterranean Elaboration: The Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation credits David Hull Holmes with creating Tucson’s iconic Southwestern Mediterranean style, featuring thick stucco walls, deep overhangs, efficient ventilation and natural cooling, and Mediterranean styles and motifs without excesses of ornamentation. 2. Architect or Builder of Prominence: David Hull Holmes Elaboration: Elizabeth Heilman commissioned David H. Holmes to design and built the house at the front of the lot (850 12th St.). Elizabeth and David worked together as volunteers for Boulder’s Red Cross during the Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 22 of 38 First World War. The house at 850 12th St. shares elements of David’s signature Mediterranean style, including its horizontal form, exposed raftertails, arched opening, stucco and divided lite windows. However, the house is unique in its modest size and detailing that reflect the client’s desires and budget. The architect for the rear house (844 12th St.) is unknown. 3. Artistic Merit: None identified 4. Example of the Uncommon: A rare modest, vernacular work of architect David H. Holmes demonstrating his use of rounded arches and simple façade in the iconic southwest Mediterranean style more common in Tucson, Arizona. 5. Indigenous Qualities: The stone cladding at the chimneys are likely locally sourced. ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE: Summary: The property located at 844-850 12th St. meets the following environmental significance criteria. 1. Site Characteristics: The houses are set on multiple lots and are surrounded by mature and newer vegetation. 850 12th St. is set back traditionally from 12th St.; 844 12th St. is toward the back of the lot abutting the alley. Due to the topography (the lots slope steeply to the east) there are multiple patios and stepped areas. The rear has been partially paved to allow access to the basement garages. 2. Compatibility with Site: The massing and scale of the houses and the property’s mature vegetation are compatible with its residential setting. 3. Geographic Importance: None observed. 4. Environmental Appropriateness: None observed. 5. Area Integrity: The property is located in the identified potential University Hill historic district. Elaboration: An intensive survey of the University Hill neighborhood in 1992 identified the boundaries of a potential historic district. This district was potentially eligible for the National Register (period of significance from 1892 to 1942).90 At the time of the survey, neither 844 12th St. nor 850 12th St. were identified as a contributing features of the proposed district. The proposed district was noted to be “associated with significant people, many of whom were affiliated with the University of Colorado, and includes many high style homes designed by known architects as well as residences representative of particular architectural styles and methods of construction. In addition, the proposed district is significant for its association with the historic development of Boulder, as reflected in such aspects as its streetcar system, the university campus, boarding houses and the houses of fraternities and sororities, and University Hill school and business district.” LANDMARK NAME Staff recommends the property be known as the Heilman–Bedell Property to recognize the achievements of the original and subsequent long-term residents. This is consistent with the Landmark Board’s Guidelines for Names of Landmarked Structures and Sites (1988) and the National Register of Historic Places Guidelines for Designation. See Guidelines for Names of Landmarked Structures and Sites (link). Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 23 of 38 LANDMARK BOUNDARY Staff recommend that the boundary be established to follow the property lines of the lot, consistent with current and past practices and the National Register Guidelines for establishing landmark boundaries. This boundary is supported by the property owner. Figure 21. Location of 844-850 12th St. midblock between Aurora and Cascade Avenues. eMapLink (link). PROPOSED PLAQUE LANGUAGE 1 Heilman–Bedell Property 1920 and 1928 Elizabeth Heilman was a volunteer for Boulder’s Red Cross during World War I. She commissioned fellow volunteer and architect David H. Holmes to design the front house. She added the rear house in 1928 and lived here until 1942. Grace and Florence Bedell lived here for the next two decades. The sisters were both professors in Home Economics, teaching nutrition and other subjects essential during the Great Depression. Holmes’s grandniece, Caroline Holmes Stepanek, and her husband Joseph purchased the property in 1967 and nominated it for designation in 2026. 1 Plaque limitations: Aim for middle paragraph of text to be 250 - 300 characters, including spaces. This will correlate to about 5 lines of text. Plaque company has 670-character limit for setting, overall. 11th Street Aurora Avenue 13th Street 12th Street Cascade Avenue Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 24 of 38 Designated a City of Boulder Landmark in 2026 FINDINGS The Landmarks Board finds, based upon the application and evidence presented, that the proposed designation application is consistent with the purposes and standards of the Historic Preservation Ordinance, in that: 1. The designation of the property at 844-850 12th St. will protect, enhance, and perpetuate a property reminiscent of a past era of history and preserve an important example of Boulder’s historic architecture. 2. The proposed designation will maintain an appropriate setting and environment for the building, and enhance property values, stabilize the neighborhood, promote tourist trade and interest, and foster knowledge of the city’s living heritage. NEXT STEPS Within 45 days of the hearing date, the Landmarks Board must adopt specific written findings and conclusions approving, approving with modifications, or disapproving the application. Should the board disapprove the application, the board must notify the City Council of that action within 30 days of the hearing date. City Council may call up a decision disapproving a designation. Should an application be disapproved, the same application may not be submitted for a period of one year. If the board finds that the proposed designation conforms to Sections 9-11-1 and 9-11-2, B.R.C. 1981, it shall adopt specific findings and conclusions approving or modifying and approving the application. If the board approves the proposed designation, the application will be forwarded to the City Council for review in a public hearing no more than 100 days from the Landmark Board’s decision recommending designation. ATTACHMENTS A: Application Materials B: Tax Assessor Card C: Endnotes Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 25 of 38 • City of Boulder Planning & Development Owner Consent Form: Individual Landmark Designation Individual Landmark Designation Information Thank you for your interest in nominating your property as an individual landmark. Please read each of the following statements and provide your name, signature, address and date in the Acknowledgement section below. 1.I understand I am nominating my property at 8"4-4-- 5s:S a 12-� S� o±= to be designated as an individual landmark in the City of Boulder. 2.I understand that once an application is submitted, the code requires a series of public hearings be held. Once the Landmarks Board votes to make a recommendation, the application cannot be withdrawn. 3.I understand the designation process is outlined in Title 9, Chapter 11, B.R.C. 1981 and includes: •A public hearing at a Landmarks Board meeting, in which the board makes a recommendation to Council (held between 60-120 days of a complete application) •If the application is approved by the Landmarks Board, a consent agenda item at City Council, for the 1st Reading of the ordinance. •If the application is approved by the Landmarks Board, a public hearing at City Council, for the 2nd Reading of the ordinance (held within 100 days of the Landmarks Board hearing). Council may approve, modify and approve, or deny the application. 4.If designated, I understand I am responsible for maintenance of the property necessary in order to prevent significant deterioration of the exterior of the building, per:,_ 1 1-� >- -· "'''.., ','::; --':-_ :. = • s :;-. -=- ::· :: -� ' 'c I. Local designation does not compel an owner to improve a property; however, the condition of the building cannot deteriorate beyond its condition at the time of designation. 5.If designated, I understand all exterior changes to individual landmarks and properties within a historic district require review through a ensure the changes are compatible with the district's historic character. to 6.I understand that if designated, rehabilitation projects may be eligible for Historic Preservation State Tax Credits and that information on this program is available on line, (see Attachment A - Application Materials Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 26 of 38 • . City of Boulder Planning & Development 7.I understand that if designated, projects may qualify for modifications or exemptions in the Building Code, Energy Code, Zoning and Flood Requirements. 8.I understand that the City of Boulder will provide a bronze plaque commemorating the building if it is designated. 9.I understand that after the application is submitted, I will be assigned a case manager who I can contact with questions. Acknowledgement By signing below, you have read the statements provided above and support submitting an Owner Signature Owner Name Additional owners Owner Signature Owner Name Owner email: jcvstep@infionline.net D Attachment A - Application Materials Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 27 of 38 8:f!IJ!ffi&'!Ja &!JJ:m{]s[JJJ ----�o) Groundworks @� Art Lab- Hill G=> ,g B• Blazxnova � Home goods store � Attachment A - Application Materials Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 28 of 38 Attachment A - Application Materials Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 29 of 38 ;! .1-· !, . l;, �"� -� '�,, ·.. i-l'_,/1',:,,, :f Attachment A - Application Materials Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 30 of 38 /· \_,, Appraised 19_-..:=- BOULDER COUNTY REAL ESTATE APPRAISAL OWNER HOUSE No. -l I STREET I CITY LOTS / / --I BLOCK ) 1 ADDITION 1/4 Year Constructed Est. Life in Years s--c\ l ____ _ ESTIMATE OF VALUATION BLDG, PART A BLDG. PART B GARAGE N C b• F / r·· ' ' -/ !,J I -o. u 1c eet ___________ .J _____ . __________________ ------··-··· � ...--fl Cost per cu. ft. _____ --------------· --·---------________ _ Total Cost _ ___________ $--···· L.,, C. .✓-$ __ I') ·-··-·-$.·-····-··-Porches -----·---·-----·-·------··-· ·-·---··-----·· ···-·-··-··· Garage.----··--··--··-····-· ····--· • ------·------··-·-·--··- • : Ext<M :::::::::: ::: :: : ::::::: :::::: :!::::: :::::::::: :: ::: ::::::: I r 3 -TOTAL._. ___ $--····-··--··-$·-·--·-----.. $.·------·---.--% Obsolesence ___ ·-·--------------·--·········-··-·----··· .•.. %Physical Dep, __ ·--------·----· --··---�-± ..... ____ .·�--·-Net After J?e<!ucting ,,,., I ,i/ L-: _ o 1 Deprec1at1on _____ S--·�-·--·-----,$--·· .... --··· $.----··· ·, I ,... �:.; __ % Utility Dep. ·-· $---····--·---·· $--·--·-··· --·-$·-·-··-··· PRESENT VALUE_.$-----·--·-·---$----·---·-----$.···-··-··· DESCRIPTION Claes of Bldg,_-·�-·---·-·-····-· Basement_ ___ • ·····-··--·-··--·· BUILDING PLAN :_J 7._J______ �-, -:r-Construction .. __ . .::."'.:.". ________ ·-· Roof·-·--··--C -�,.��---·-· -··· Char. of Const. "L'-··-···-···-·--Eleating .. _____ --··---·-··-··----Height of Building.-�--=--··----·-. t • . ) • -. I Exterior. . _ .. ··--·-··-·····-·--lumbmg _ ···---;;-···---·-·--··· 11 ____________ S_U_M_M_A_R_Y ___________ 11 __ -:-:--__ A_N_N_U_A..,L_A=S_S_E..=S_S_M::.:E:..N.,,T=------'lnterior Finish. ·;-·······c······ Light·---·-·-· ·······---·-.. _._ 11 _________ D_E_sc_R_IP_T_1o_N ________ _ AMOUNT YEAR LAND 7 0 ::__,, Floore ·-·····-.LL.�···-'-·-··-· Priv. Garage .. �---.:··-··-·-11-B_u_il_d_in-"'g'-P_e_r _m_it ______________ _ $Stories ...... - .- o:. ____ :_._···-···· Barns or Sheds..!.'.:.... .. ·-··-··---Original Cost, Improvements _!?_n.::..:ly'-----------111-=-----$ $ Additions and Betterments Fire Resiating _ ··--·-······--·--8tate of Reps.········--·--·--· Owner's Esti mate of Present Valuel�tion •• __ .•• :'.. ••• ----·.' ••••• Local Imps .• -··�L-"'-""-··-1-•·-· Private AppraisalADDITIONS AND BETTERMENTS• Insurance :::::YEAR:=::��!-:::: TIAR::::::: ::: AMOUNT:·::: �E���:::::I• $ $ $ $ $ $ 1938 --1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 --1947 7b IMPROVEMENTS TOTAL $ �, ,_$ ___ _ ; I Attachment B - Tax Assessor Cards Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 31 of 38 CLASS OF BUILDING HEIGHT ltOOF LIGHT DESCRIPTION Check Checlct-------------�C:,ll�••�k Check V , _____________ _;;:::,:�(----------------------.!:G�iv!!e:..!N:!:u!!;lll�b�er:!!'■1-Single Residence ___________ No. of Stories ______________ j__CONSTRUCTION Electricity ____________________ i/. ROOMS STORIES 2-Duplex _________________ ---FOUNDATION G 3 B l A t C t Wood Shingle ____________ ✓-a s ________________________ _ -unga ow, p ., r . _____ l-------------1--1 0·1 Brick__________________ Composition Shingle_______ 1 ---------------------------4-Flat or Terrace -----�--C t Tar and Gravel_ __________ _ 5-Apartment House______ ____ oncre e __________________ Dasem't 1 3 Attic Living Room _______ }_ __ Dining Room ___________ _ 6-Hotel --------------------S t on e------------------Prepared Paper---------------1-------_-_-_-_--_-_-_--_-_-_--_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_·+--7 Store Build1'ng Wood ---------------------Sheet Iron ----· --------------PRIVATE GARAGE Dinette ---------------------•.----------t-------,----,-------1--1 8_________________________ T ile_____________________ Co pp er____________________S ?, ./ 1 Kitchen ________ _ Concrete Tile ize ---,<>------� -----,. ----Breakfast Nook 9-Office Building _________----------··------------------------------Cl T"l · Construction ________________ _ 1 0-Hospital or Sanitari u m . ____ --------·-··-----·---------ay 1 e _______ -----------Bed Room ______ _ 11 B kB 'Id' Slate______________________ Floor ________ ---------------Bath Room _____ _ -an u1 1ng _________ --· -----------------------------i R of Asbesto11 Shingle______ ___ 0 ----------------------Toilet Room ____ _ 12-Theatre _________ -----------BASEMENT Tin ____________ ___________ Heat ________ -------------Shower Room __ _ 1 3 -Warehouse _________ . ________ l -------------1--1 14-Factory ----------------Quarter------------------. ----------------------------------------------------· ----Sleeping Porch --15-Public Garage._________Half ----__ ___ ___ ______ _ __ t-_____ S_T_Y_L_E ___ ......... _ 1-------_-_-_-_-_--_-_-_-'-·--_--_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_--_-_-.,:,__1 �:: ��::��:: � � = = 16-Private Garage ________Three-Quarter ____________ G bl IL SHEDS AND BARNS 17-Service Station--------F u ll ________ ---------------�?-H :p �=================== -===•-S _i z_e ____ ,...1 ·---_-_-__ -_.,_.IC_o _n _s _t..,_.1------------l---_-___ , Storage R oom ___ 18-Hot House or Gr. House ____ Cement Floor _____________, Office ----------- -"-..,i..-Flat ________________________ Size __ ---------Const.--------____ Halls 19-Poultry-House _________ Finished Walls and Ceiling ____ Gambrel ------------20-Barns or Sheds_________Laundry _________________ �(� -·-----------·----LOCAL IMPROVEMENTS Mansard ______________ _ Leanto ___________________ _ Street Paving _______________ _ _J __ ------ A-Hey.:,: .-·):i-g:-: __ ·------------FINISH =----::�������:��::: � :::: Common :=��'.:" ____ __]_ __------------a�-• Pressed Brick _____________1 Frame ____________________ _ Wire Cut Brick ___________ _ Brick·--------------_____ _ Glazed Brick _____________ _ Tile _________________ ---·----Wood Siding ____________ _ ---; Stone·---------------------·---· Wood Shingles ____________ J.I.:_ Concrete, Plain or Block __ Cement Stucco ___________ _ Concrete, Reinforced ______ _ Kellastone _____________ _ Steel Frame _______________ _ Stone ____________________ _ PLUMBING Old S 1 Ji. ty e __________________ _ Modern ______________________ _ No. Bath Tubs ____________ l_L_ No. Shower Baths ____________ _ No. Toilets ________________ _, __ _ No. Lavatories ____________ lJ.._ No. Urinals __________________ _ Sid ewalks ___________________ _ Curbing _____________________ _ Water _______________ :· '_ i __ _ Storm Sewer ________________ _ Sanitary Sewer _____________ _ Electricity ____________ _ Gae _________________________ _ Tel ephone ___________________ _ No. Laundry Tubs __________ .:}:_ No. Sinks __________________ j_ -------·-----------------·------Sanitary Closets __________ ____ MISCELLANEOUS Give 1---------------1'-'N=o. Cess Pool. __________________ _ Corrugated Iron __________ _ Terra Cotta _____________ _ ---------------------______ I ___ _ Sideboards _______________ _ Unfinished __________ . __ _ Plastered, Plain _______ _ Plastered, Ornam _______ _ Papered ______________ _ Painted or Tinted ____ .. __ _ Softwood Floor _ Hardwood Floor Softwood Finish. Hardwood Finish _______ _ Tile _______________ ----· Marble or Onyx. _1 _____ _ Wall Board _______ �----Sheetrock ______________ _ Give Numbers CHARACTER OF CONST. Cheap _____________________ _ Medium ______________ _ Good ____________________ ,/ Tile ___ _ :::=:=====::=:===:=-== ·--r---HEATING Stove _____________________ ! ___ _ Hot Air _________________ I_� Buffet ---------------------Cabinet _____________________ -�,3 __ Book Cases·--------------�--_ Beam Ceiling ________________ _ Celotex _________ 1 _____________________________________ _ Wainscoting____ _________ _ _____________________ _ Metal Ceiling___ __ ________ _ ______________________ _ Fire Resisting _____________ _ Non-Fire Resisting ________ _ STATE OF REP AIRS Bad _______________________ _ ----------------------·-------Hot Water __________________ _ OUTSIDE TRIM Steam _______________________ _ / No. Fireplaces ____________ I�:Wood --------------·------_: __ _ No. Dummy Fireplaces ___ _ Tel'ra Cotta _______________ ----Air Conditioned _______ _ Stone _____________________ ! _________ :..:....;;,:,.:.::.:.=,::.:_--L:=:�I Galv. Iron ________________ _ FUEL Fair --------------------·-Concrete _________________ _: Good ______________________ :z Coal _____________________ :/-----------------------------Oil _________________________ _ New ----··-----------------Gas _____________________ V Electricity _________________ _ lncinerator _______ �-----------------------·1·------·· 1 ---------------·-----------Sky Lights __ ,. _______________ _ REMARKS Refrigerator or Cooler _____ _ Bay Windows ______________ _ Dormer Windows ___________ _ Porches _____________________ _ 1 r L I I I Attachment B - Tax Assessor Cards Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 32 of 38 h Appraised 19 -; BOULDER COUNTY REAL ESTATE APPRAISAL OWNER 1J1M �� {! HOUSE No. o( :.J <)STREET LOTS I I- J BLOCK co)_ L/ ADDITION CITY ;-·-Year Constructed Est. Life in Years ./ :'_; ESTIMATE OF VALU.ATI0N11,,.... 1IILDG. PART A BLDG. PART B1 GARA.GB No. Cubie Feet ______ ./ ( _____________ {p ___ J _______________ _ Cost per cu. ft . ..J ./ ___________ ')_' ________ 1 _ Y _____________ _ Total Cost ____________ $ ... �.Q __ ;:. __ ·:-:. $_J:i_' ___ --=!:-$ .. ________ _ Porche!!--------------_______________ _ __________________ ----. Garage ________________________________________________________ _ :: "'""·· -: : : :::--: :::::: :: : : : ::: ::: : :::I::::::::::::::: : :: :: : : ::: : : ,1 ----% Obsolesence ••• t:_ _____________ ----·------------·-·-··-·· ,, Z., '·' I 0 .•' L /·2LJ..JI,·=-=--� Physical Dep. __________ !:: ___ l__ ---.. l. �7..-, ·---_______ / � Net After J?e�ucting I ,.1 !J -., 0 Deprec1at1on ____ $ .... .-_________ $ __ _...-____ ·---· $-----_____ _"'-�·-'% Utility Dep. ___ $_.L !..--;��----iS--------------$ __________ _ PRESENT VALUE .. $ . .::.L.L(2_ $ ________ ------$ .. ________ _ DESCRIPTION ? J Claes of Bldg .. ________________ Basement. _____ :, _____________ ,:_ , -7 t .::.:J BUILDING PLAN -I 'I I'--.' J( ·'; _,r I / t/ I '.i. '., ,, 'l \/ ,,--,, .--, / (,' J '-- I \., Construction __ ! • __________ • _____ Roof----·-----L., _______________ _Ch f C t ·' · • / H t· /.l Height of Building.Li'. . .::: ......... . ar. o ons . -----------------'-ea 1ng _______ --------------· . (; / . ·;-, .. ,-,.. Extermr _ _ ___ ---��--____________ Plumbing _____ ... .1.:. _________ '!,_ __ 11 ___________ S_U_M_M_A._R..::Y ______ -,,-____ 11 __ .,,..... __ A_N_N_U_A�L_A_S_S_E_S_S_M_E_N�T ____ _Interior Finish---•-----------�--Light ___________ L _____ :___ ______ DEScRirTION ·AMOUNT Floors ________ .L! _____ : __ �; ____ Priv. Garage .. -·----------------· _. B_u_i_ld_in�g=--P_er_m_i_t _______________ $,._ __ _Stories ________ -----------�------Ba rns or Sheds ..... :::�::.-____________ O r iginal Cos t, Improvements _Only $ Additions and Betterments $;__ __ _ Fire Resisting.·-----------------State of Reps. ·-----------------Own er's Estimate of Present Value $ Found ation-------·------·-· -----Local Imps. - ------------•�----· Private Apprais al $-'-------ADDITIONS AND BETTERMENTS Insurance $ ==Y=E=A=R===r==A=M=O=U=N=T==,:==Y=E=,\R==:;===A=M=OU=N=T==IIII_-_M=o=r=t-g� -a�g=e==================================II:$=======1-------1------1·------11 Monthly Rental $ -'----- YEAR LAND IMPROVEMENTS TOTAL 1938 $ .A<, 1939 ,.. $ /,..... / $ -11------11-----11940 .11------11-----11941 -lt-------l942 11------11943 1944 n------11945 H------1 _______________ $ _________________ --------------$-------·--·---·· Advertised for Sale $ 1946 ---------------$ -·-··------------------------· $ _______________ -· _T_r_a-ns-f-er _r _e _d-i n -19----✓-?---fo-v __________$ j. 3 N 1947 H ------i ;;:)IJ Attachment B - Tax Assessor Cards Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 33 of 38 CLASS OF BUILDING HEIGHT ltO0F LIGHT DESCRIPTION Ched< Clleckt-___________ C�h�•::::;ml-------------➔C�h���7 1·---------:-------------�G�iv�•�N�a�m�h�•!!'rs1--:Single Residence ________ ✓-_ No. of Stories _____________ J _____ c_o_N_s_r_R_l_T_C_T_I_O_N_-l-----t Electricity __________________ -�2-Duplex ____________ -----FOUNDATION W d Sh" 1 • Gas--------------------------3 B I A C oo mg e ____________ -unga ow, pt., rt. __ 1------------1--1 Oil_ __________________________ ROOMS Basen't STORIES 1 3 Attic 4-Flat or Terrace ________Brick _________________________ Composition Shingle __________ _C t --i/ __ Tar and Gravel _________ __ -----------------------------Living Room ___ _ --·--1...-_,.._ -- • ----5-Apartment House______oncre e_ -----------------6 H t I Stone _____________________ Prepared Paper __________ -✓------------------------------_- o e ----·-------------S 7 Stor B "Id" Wood---------------------beet Iron --------------PRIVATE GARAGE -e m mg ________ _8 Tile Copper____________________ ____ ,, ------------------------------------------------Size ___ /::cc. __ [ � __________ I -9 Offic B "Id" ___________________________ Concrete Tile ________________ _ -e m mg ________ _ 10-Hospital or Sanita r ium_----------------------------Clay Tile __________________ ----11 B nk B "Id" ---------------------------Slate _____________________ _ -a m mg ________ _12-Theatre________________BASEMENT �i�����:_������:=====-==: ___ _ 13-Warehouse_____________1------------l--l14-Factory ______________ _15-_Public Garage __________ 16-Private Garage ________ 17-Service Station _______ _18-Hot House or Gr. House ____ Construction ________________ _ Floor ______________________ _ Roof ___________________ _ Heat _______________________ _ Dining Room __ _ Dinette ________ _ Kitchen ________ _ --_.!_ __ Breakfast Nook _ ________ ... ------Bed Room _______ ------·-I ·-------·­--. --- --------.... -Bath Room _____ _ Toilet Room ____ _ Shower Room __ _ Sleeping Porch._ 19�Poultry House ________ _-----•-------------------------------___ .,_ ------------20-Barns or Sheds_ _______ _Leanto ____________________ _ Street Paving _______________ _ -----------------1 --------! ---------1 -----, ·----------A-lley=Pltving�----------------FINISH PLUM BING Sidewalks _______________________ _ EXTERIO.,, C b" Unfinished ____________________________ _ u. ur mg______________________ / . _,., _-•_--_-_-_-_-_--_-_-_-_-_--_-_-__ --_-_-_-_-_-_--_-...,.._ -------------L--1 Old Style _________________ 7 Water____________ ____ _____Plastered, Plain ____ I ___ v __________ ' CONSTRUCTION Co mmon Brick____________ Modern ___________________ -✓ _ Storm Sewer _______ �(,!____ Plastered,Ornam _____________________ _ --,....------------1.--1 Pressed Brick_____________ No. Bath Tubs _____________ L__ Sanitary Sewer ___________________ Papered _________ ------------------·Frame---------------------Wire Cut Brick____________ No. Shower Baths_________ El t . .. Painted or Tinted _________________ _Brick ... �----�--�"-------- �/.-GI d B • k N T ·1 t I ee ricn;y ----···-·····•-•H-··-· S ftw d Flo Tile _____________________ ---w::: S1"drm·1cg ______________ N°0° L0a1v:tso_r_1·e--s--------------/--Gae----------------------· • ----H0ard::od Flo0orr __ ---------✓----------·-St --------------• a ----------------Telephone___________________ ____ -----------7 --·--------one____________________ Wood Shingles ____________ No. Urinals_____________ Sof twood Finish---------__ c_ ___________ _Concrete, Plain or Block ... _ Cement Stucco ____________ .1_· __ No. Laundry Tubs.: ________ -�= ,. ______________________________ ----Hardwood Finish Con crete, Reinforced·------Kellastone _______________ _ No. Sinks--------�--------·----------------------·---------1-----------------1 Tile _____________ Marble or Onyx. Steel Frame________________ Stone ____________________ _ Corrugated Iron __________ _ Terra Cotta _____________ _ Sanitary Closets _________ _ Cesa Pool _________________ _ ---------------------------.. ---MISCELLANEOUS Give(o. Sideboard s ______________________ _ Wall Board _____ _ Sheetrock ______ _ -----------Give Numbers Tile ___________ . __________ _ CHARACTER OF CONST. HEATING Buffet ____________ ---------___ _ Celotex---------____________________________________ Cheap _____________________ _ Medium.-�------___________ ____ __ _______ ___ ____ ___________ Stove ___________ -----____ _ Good ________________________ /� ________ ___ ____ ____ __ ______Hot Air ---�':CL'�--"��-�--___ ::: __ Fire Resisting______________ Hot W ater _______________ _ Cabinet _____________________ _ Book Cases·-----____________ _ Beam Ceiling ________________ _ Incinerator __________________ _ Sky Lights ___________________ _ _ --::-=-_ w. -' a1nscotmg _________________ 7 _______________________ _ Metal Ceiling ____________________________ _----I ----------- _ __ ,-------------, -----•. 1 --T------1 -------- REMARKS Non-Fire Resisting ______________ 1 ____ o_U_T_S_ID_E_T_R_I_l\_f_...J...._1 S�earn ___________________ _----------------------------1---Wood ___________________ 11 ... _ No. Fireplaces _____________ L_ Refr1W·gerator or Cooler ___________ ----�---'..---------------------------------------/6 _ -ll _No. Dummy Fireplaces____ Bay indows ---------------___ _ STATE OF REPAIRS Bad _______________________ _ Fair __ ___ ___ ____ ____ __ _____ / Good ______________________ _ New, _____ .. _____________ _ Terra Cotta---------------A.ir Conditioned ·-------?ormer Windows -----------------------------------------------------------------------Stone ____________________ _ Galv. Iron ______________ _ FU-EL Porches ______________________ �---\ ___ ---------------------------Concrete _________________ _ Coal ______________________ � Oil _____________________ _ Gas ______ .. _______________ (,__ Electricity _______________ _ Attachment B - Tax Assessor Cards Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 34 of 38 ATTACHMENT C: END NOTES 1 Front Range Research Associates. “Boulder Survey of Historic Places: Local Identification Central Area: Phase II.” 1996. 2 Front Range Research Associates. “850 12th Street historic building inventory records.” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 850. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9608 3 “Colorado’s Historic Architecture & Engineering Guide.” 2008. History Colorado. https://www.historycolorado.org/mediterranean-revival 4 U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6482/records/19571924 and Social Security Administration; Washington D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3693/records/28399585 5 “David Hull Holmes, 1874 – 1967.” Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation. https://preservetucson.org/stories/holmes-holmes/ 6 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/11105901/horace-burbank-holmes 7 “Oral history interview with Horace B. Holmes.” 1986-1987. Call No. OH0325. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A12113 8 “Many New Permits For Building In Boulder.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 29, July 19, 1919. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19190719-01.2.55 9 Front Range Research Associates. ““720 11th Street historic building inventory records.” 1986. Call No. 780 11th 720. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A7871 10 Front Range Research Associates. “1123 Baseline Road historic building inventory record.” 1986-2001. Call No. 780 Baseline 1123. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A23708 11 “David Hull Holmes | 1874 – 1967.” Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation. https://preservetucson.org/stories/holmes-holmes/ 12 Unger, Amy. “National Register Nomination: David Hull Holmes House.” 2018. https://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/2020/co_boulder_county_david_hull_holmes_house.pdf.pdf 13 “Introducing David H. Holmes.” Jan. 20, 1944. Boulder Daily Camera. 14 Unger, Amy. “National Register Nomination: David Hull Holmes House.” 2018. https://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/2020/co_boulder_county_david_hull_holmes_house.pdf.pdf 15 “The city today issued Mrs. Elizabeth Heilman a permit to construct a $4,000 five-room frame residence on lots 6 and 7 [sic. Actually lot 13], block 24, Twelfth street. The house will be hot-air heated.” 16 Front Range Research Associates. “844 12th Street historic building inventory records” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 844. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9568 17 U.S. Dept. of the Interior. “National Historic Landmarks Glossary of Terms.” National Park Service. Accessed November 2022. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalhistoriclandmarks/glossary.htm 18 “844-850 12th St. real estate appraisal.” 1929-1962. Call No. 880-12th-844. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A90477. For complete card, see Attachment B – Tax Assessor Card. 19 Front Range Research Associates. “850 12th Street historic building inventory records” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 850. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9601 20 “844-850 12th St. real estate appraisal.” 1929-1962. Call No. 880-12th-844. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A90477. For complete card, see Attachment B – Tax Assessor Card. 21 Front Range Research Associates. “844 12th Street historic building inventory records” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 844. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9568 22 “855 13th Street photographs.” 1937-1938. Call No. BHS 207-20-4. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A67609 23 “Staff Land Acknowledgement.” City of Boulder. https://bouldercolorado.gov/projects/staff-land-acknowledgment Attachment C - Endnotes Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 35 of 38 24 By 1882, the town was divided into wards, and the offices of mayor, treasurer, and aldermen were created to manage the now seventeen additions to the original townsite and the increasing population. By 1900, Boulder’s population had grown to 6,150 with twenty-eight additions added between 1890 and 1895. 25 Allen, Frederick S., Mark S. Foster, Ernest Andrade, Jr., Philip I. Mitterling, H. Lee Scamehorn. “The University of Colorado 1876-1976: A Centennial Publication of the University of Colorado.” 1976. Regents of the University of Colorado. 26 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181296047 27 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/186016207 28 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181708542 29 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181702988 30 “Pocket Map & Street Directory of the city of Boulder.” 1898. Call No. MAP CITY 1898-2. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A76097 31 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181702988 32 “BUILDING PERMITS ISSUED FOR BOULDER BUILDERS. Building permits have been issued so far this month to the following: David H. Holmes for Elizabeth Heilman, 850 12th, brick bungalow, $5.000.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 29, October 29, 1919. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19191029-01.2.36 33 “The city today issued Mrs. Elizabeth Heilman a permit to construct a $4,000 five-room frame residence on lots 6 and 7 [sic. Actually lot 13], block 24, Twelfth street. The house will be hot-air heated.” 34 Church Registers. Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61048/records/138295 35 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63035830/james-tyson-heilman 36 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/62997094/franklin-mechling 37 Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910 (NARA microfilm publication T624, 1,178 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/records/138879891 38 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63035754/may-heilman 39 “Miss Elizabeth Heilman has been appointed publicity agent for the Red Cross.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 28, March 13, 1919. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19190313-01.2.35 40 “BUILDING PERMITS ISSUED FOR BOULDER BUILDERS. Building permits have been issued so far this month to the following: David H. Holmes for Elizabeth Heilman, 850 12th, brick bungalow, $5.000.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 29, October 29, 1919. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19191029-01.2.36 41 Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/records/18131214 42 Boulder, Colorado, City Directory, 1921. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/13548669 43 Boulder, Colorado, City Directory, 1923. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/14515452 44 Boulder, Colorado, City Directory, 1926. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/13711068 45 Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/records/62276177 and “Mrs. Kate Marsh has rented her home, 932 Fifteenth street, to Prof. Paul S. Gillespie, principal of the Greeley high school, who with his wife and two sons arrived yesterday. Mrs. Marsh and Miss Heilman are located at 923 Seventh street for the summer.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 37, Number 77, June 15, 1927. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19270615-01.2.91 46 “Have We A Slacker List?” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 29, Number 34, April 24, 1919. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19190424-01.2.28 47 “Miss Elizabeth Heilman and Mrs. Kate Marsh have moved into Miss Heilman’s home, 850 Twelfth street. They have been living at 923 Seventh during the summer.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 37, Number 151, September 12, 1927. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19270912-01.2.78 Attachment C - Endnotes Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 36 of 38 48 “The city today issued Mrs. Elizabeth Heilman a permit to construct a $4,000 five-room frame residence on lots 6 and 7 [sic. Actually lot 13], block 24, Twelfth street. The house will be hot-air heated.” 49 “Mrs. Kate C. Marsh and Miss Elizabeth Heilman have moved from 850 Twelfth street to Miss Heilman’s new house at 844 Twelfth street.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 38, Number 21, April 10, 1928. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19280410- 01.2.83&srpos=75 50 “Mrs. R. T. Dennis and family of Waco, Texas, have taken the house of Miss Elizabeth Heilman, 850 Twelfth street.” Boulder Daily Camera, Volume 39, Number 144, September 4, 1929. https://www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=BDC19290904-01.2.109&srpos=83 51 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/186007275 52 Tenth Census of the United States, 1880. (NARA microfilm publication T9, 1,454 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6742/records/24799065 53 Connecticut, USA: Connecticut State Department of Public Health. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/63173/records/3283 54 United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Twelfth Census of the United States, 1900. Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/records/7569044 55 Boulder City Directory, 1903. Page 54. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/12773945 56 Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910 (NARA microfilm publication T624, 1,178 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/records/1964434 57 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181375939 58 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/181583006 59 Blakemore, Elizabeth. “How America Tried (and Failed) to Solve Its “Servant Problem.” April 3, 2017. JSTOR Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/how- america-tried-and-failed-to-solve-its-servant-problem/ 60 Dudden, Faye E. “Experts and Servants: The National Council on Household Employment and the Decline of Domestic Service in the Twentieth Century.” Journal of Social History 20, no. 2 (1986): 269–89. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3787707. 61 Blakemore, Elizabeth. “How America Tried (and Failed) to Solve Its “Servant Problem.” April 3, 2017. JSTOR Daily. https://daily.jstor.org/how- america-tried-and-failed-to-solve-its-servant-problem/ 62 “Stewart’s research released in The Journal of American History.” February 8, 2022. Cornell College. https://news.cornellcollege.edu/2022/02/stewarts-research-released-journal-american-history.html 63 Waco, Texas, City Directory, 1902. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/4900780 64 Waco, Texas, City Directory, 1907. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/4991315 65 Waco, Texas, City Directory, 1907. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2469/records/397931720 66 Waco, Texas, City Directory, 1928. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/5036739 67 United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/records/61924465 68 United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930. Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/records/101346137 69 Waco, Texas, City Directory, 1934. https://www.ancestry.com/imageviewer/collections/2469/images/4994823 70 United States Forest Service. “Aerial Photographs of Colorado. Boulder.” May 8, 1938. https://cudl.colorado.edu/luna/servlet/detail/UCBOULDERCB1~17~17~33257~102551:BOW-1-19 71 Dreilinger, Danielle. “The Secret History of Home Economics: How trailblazing women harnessed the power of home and changes the way we live.” 2021. W.W. Norton and Co., New York, NY. 72 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/28451776/grace-d.-bedell 73 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/28451826/florence_j-bedell 74 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/28451880/david-bedell Attachment C - Endnotes Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 37 of 38 75 Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920. (NARA microfilm publication T625, 2076 rolls). Records of the Bureau of the Census, Record Group 29. National Archives, Washington, D.C. https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/records/80378171 76 “Obituaries: Grace D. Bedell.” March 16, 1971. Boulder Daily Camera 77 “Misses Bedell Move Into New Home.” Oct. 12, 1942. Boulder Daily Camera 78 “Miss Grace Bedell Takes Position As U.S. Food Inspector.” May 27, 1943. Boulder Daily Camera. 79 “Bequest from the estate of the late Florence J. Bedell.” Aug. 14, 1990. Carnegie Library for Local History. 80 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/136314249/elizabeth_ann-duncan 81 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/134505808/delbert-james-duncan 82 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/186057377 83 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/260334391/margaret-louise-kienker_porter 84 Find a Grave. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/20881708/eliot-porter 85 Boulder County Records. https://boulder.co.publicsearch.us/doc/182070028 86 Stepanek, Joseph E. “Implicated in My Life: A Memoir Rooted in Poor World Development.” 2010. Johnson Publishing. 87 Front Range Research Associates. “850 12th Street historic building inventory records.” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 850. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9608 88 Unger, Amy. “National Register Nomination: David Hull Holmes House.” 2018. https://www.historycolorado.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/2020/co_boulder_county_david_hull_holmes_house.pdf.pdf 89 Front Range Research Associates. “844 12th Street historic building inventory records” 1991-2001. Call No. 780 12th 844. Carnegie Library for Local History, Boulder. https://localhistory.boulderlibrary.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A9568 90 Front Range Research Associates. “Boulder Survey of Historic Places: Local Identification Central Area: Phase II.” 1996. Attachment C - Endnotes Item 5B 844-850 12th St. Landmarks Board Memo 07.01.2026 Page 38 of 38