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2022 Safe Streets Report2018–2020 CRASH DATA SUMMARY VISION ZERO BOULDER SAFE STREETS REPORT 4th Edition, 2022 Artist: Debbie Clapper, Gneural Photo: Ryan Policky, Latenight Weeknight www.BoulderColorado.gov 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CITY OF BOULDER TRANSPORTATION & MOBILITY DEPARTMENT Project Management Team Devin Joslin, Principal Traffic Engineer Veronica Son, Transportation Engineer Mark Shisler, Transportation Operations Engineer Mike Gardner-Sweeney, Transportation Operations Engineer Liv Lewin, Senior Transportation Planner David Kemp, Senior Transportation Planner Additional Collaborators Erika Vandenbrande, Director Natalie Stiffler, Deputy Director Valerie Watson, Transportation Planning Manager Chris Hagelin, Principal Transportation Planner Ryan Noles, Senior Transportation Planner Reese Shaw, Transportation Planning Specialist BOULDER POLICE DEPARTMENT Robyn VanDerLeest, Sergeant Jo Vann, Photo Enforcement Supervisor INFORMATION SERVICES Joe Simpson, GIS Analyst Elly Evans, GIS Specialist COMMUNICATIONS TEAM Jennifer Bray, Communications Senior Program Manager Samantha Glavin, Communications Program Manager MUNICIPAL COURT Linda Cooke, Municipal Judge TRANSPORTATION ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS Tila Duhaime, Chair Robert Hutchinson Mark McIntyre Ryan Schuchard Alex Weinheimer CONSULTANT SERVICES Jessica Hernandez, Apex Design Stephanie Ball, Apex Design Camden Palvino, Apex Design Elaine C. Erb, Consultant Tim Giesen, Claro Creative Group Pete d’Oronzio, Pd’ Programming, Inc. Tawnya Mitchell, Pd’ Programming, Inc. CONTENTS Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Snapshot of Key Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Crash Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Evaluating What We’ve Done to Date . . . .8 People Walking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 People Bicycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 People Traveling Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs . . . . . . . .18 People Speeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 People Making Left Turns . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 People Ages 65 and Older . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Other Areas of Concern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Other Vision Zero Objectives . . . . . . . . . . .28 Next Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 The crash data reported in this document comes from the City of Boulder’s Transportation & Mobility Department database, which is derived from the Police Department’s Record Management System. The information contained in these databases is updated periodically and may change over time. For an electronic version of this document please visit: https://bouldercolorado.gov/services/vision-zero 2 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 3 Introduction The City of Boulder is dedicated to creating and maintaining a safe transportation system through capital improvements, maintenance, traffic control, education, enforcement, and engineering. Boulder has been reporting on Vision Zero since 2009, and while the number of overall crashes has decreased, serious injury and fatal crashes are still occurring. Between 2009 and 2020, 636 people have been seriously injured or killed. These traffic injuries and deaths are at odds with Boulder ’s core community values to ensure travel safety for people using all modes, as defined in the Transportation Master Plan (TMP). Safety concerns such as drivers speeding; impaired or distracted road users; and conflicts among vehicles, pedestrians, and bicyclists challenge our national reputation as a walkable, bikeable, and livable city. Vision Zero is Boulder’s bold goal to eliminate all severe crashes involving people using all modes of travel. Boulder defines severe crashes as those that result in a serious injury or fatality. 9 people were killed 150 people were seriously injured THE VISION ZERO APPROACH Vision Zero employs both a location-specific and a systemwide approach that is targeted, responsive, and proactive through a transformative set of actions that prioritizes travel safety for everyone. Vision Zero includes a holistic 4 E’s approach to eliminate severe crashes and reduce other types of crashes. The community should feel educated and empowered about best practices to protect themselves and others when driving, walking, or bicycling. This approach also focuses on our community’s perception of travel safety and comfort with the idea that no one should be discouraged from traveling by any mode because of fears about safety. Vision Zero guiding principles:  Use a people-focused, data-driven, action-oriented, and interdisciplinary approach to carrying out the 4 E’s.  Proactively employ proven crash countermeasures, with a focus on continuous improvement.  Practice a Safe Systems approach that recognizes:  People make mistakes that can lead to crashes.  The human body has limited physical ability to tolerate crash forces.  The responsibility for making the mobility system safe is a shared responsibility across all road users and stakeholders and requires personal responsibility.  All parts of the system must be strengthened and properly maintained to multiply the impact of interventions and provide a safety net when any one part of the system is deficient. There are five Vision Zero objectives: Eliminate crashes resulting in serious injuries and fatalities. Reduce other types of crashes. Improve travel comfort and security. Enhance awareness of and community engagement with Vision Zero. Improve data and be transparent. 14,500+Between 2018 and 2020, approximately 14,500 people were involved in a crash in Boulder ENFORC E M E NTEVALUATIONE DUCATIONEN G I N EERING PLANNING CONTEXT Vision Zero is a priority of the Transportation Master Plan (TMP) and also informs our other city transportation plans and standards—including the Design and Construction Standards, Pedestrian Crossing Treatment Installation Guidelines, Traffic Signal Practices, Low-Stress Walk and Bike Network Plan, Curbside Management Plan (in progress) and the Speed Limit Setting and Signing Framework grant (planned to begin in mid-2022). The Vision Zero Boulder: Safe Streets Report is the city’s comprehensive traffic crash analysis used to understand where and how crashes are occurring, whom they involve, and inform actions to improve safety. The report was first published in 2012 (2009-2011 crash data), with additional versions released in 2016 (2012-2014 crash data) and 2019 (2015-2017 crash data). This 4th edition includes a detailed analysis of crash data for the years 2018-2020. The corresponding Vision Zero Action Plan will be updated in 2022 and will detail specific actions to address the trends and issues documented in this Safe Streets Report. In addition, ongoing evaluation and reporting will be done in support of the Transportation Report on Progress every two years. 1 2 3 4 52 walking 1 on a bike 6 in a car 25 walking 55 on a bike 70 in a car These people aren’t just numbers. They are our mothers, fathers, brothers, sisters, children, and friends. They’ve been seriously injured or killed in the course of the everyday act of moving from place to place. The impact on their families, friends, and communities is immense and permanent.Methodology The same crash analysis methodology that was used for the 2015-2017 analysis (Vision Zero Safe Streets Report, 3rd Edition 2019) was used for the 2018-2020 analysis. All crash records were queried to only include police reported crashes from the database. Moreover, special attention was given to all bicycle- and pedestrian-related crashes by reading through the police officer narratives of each crash report and using the Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT) crash typing software to find specific crash trends. Police officer narratives were also used to fill in gaps within the police reports, where applicable. The only difference in the crash analysis methodology used for the 2018-2020 analysis is that crashes occurring on private property were removed from the total, which is in line with industry best practices. Local agencies typically follow this approach to focus on analyzing conditions where they have authority to implement proven crash countermeasures within the public right-of-way. Historically in Boulder, private property crashes account for about 16% of total crashes, or an average of 410 crashes per year. Over 90% of private property crashes occurred in parking lots and only 1% of private property crashes resulted in a serious injury. While the primary focus of Vision Zero is to eliminate severe crashes, it also aims to reduce other types of crashes. The city wants to mitigate the inconvenience, frustration, and costs of being involved in a minor injury or property damage only crash. Snapshot of Key Findings The Vision Zero Boulder: Safe Streets Report, 4th edition 2022 includes a review of the crash data for the years 2018 through 2020, as well as a comparison of these data trends with those developed in prior reports (for years 2009 through 2017). This section provides an overview of crashes and associated trends for this crash data and identifies key findings to help us understand where and how crashes are occurring and to whom. The total crashes per year in Boulder have been trending down since 2016. However, severe crashes per year have remained steady, ranging between 55 to 60 per year except for 2020, which was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and had 38 severe crashes. Between 2018 and 2020, there were an average of 1,914 crashes per year, 50 (approximately 3%) of which were severe. AREAS OF CONCERN Between 2018 and 2020, there were 5,743 total crashes and 151 severe crashes (approximately 3% of total crashes). The tables below summarize the percent of all severe crashes and the percent of total crashes each category represents. When the percent of severe crashes is higher than the percent of total crashes, there is a disproportionate, or overrepresented, number of severe crashes for that category. For example, while only 6% of all crashes involved bicycles, bicycle crashes were 36% of all severe crashes. This report identifies overrepresented severe crashes as areas of concern; mitigations focused in these areas can have the most impact. 4 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 5 TOTAL CRASHES, SEVERE CRASHES, AND VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT) Starting in March 2020, COVID-19 restrictions, remote working, and virtual school significantly impacted travel. The number of vehicle miles traveled (VMT), total crashes, and severe crashes all decreased compared to previous years. VMT decreased by 29%, total crashes by 47%, and severe crashes by 33% in 2020 as compared to the 2017-2019 average. Some crash types and causal factors experienced trends noticeably different in 2020, as compared to prior years. Impacts of COVID-19 in 2020 There were fewer crashes involving pedestrians overall; however, the number of severe crashes increased. Total Crashes Severe Crashes VMT (Millions) 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 42 48 56 63 50 71 38 60 57 58 55 38 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 1,500 1,250 1,000 750 500 250 0Annual CrashesVehicle Miles Traveled (Million)2,327 2,274 2,316 2,296 2,557 2,429 2,508 2,622 2,423 2,348 2,178 1,217 Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a reduction in VMT and a decrease in overall crashes in 2020. 5% or more increase or 5% or more decrease in percentage as compared to 2015-2017 Similar to vehicle travel, bicycle commute travel decreased in 2020; however, recreational bicycle travel increased. Total and severe crashes involving bicyclists decreased. Crashes involving people ages 65 years and older decreased; however, severe crashes remained steady. Severe crashes involving an impaired driver decreased significantly; total crashes also decreased. 12%↑ The percent of severe crashes involving people speeding increased from 20% (2015-2017) to 32% (2018-2020). Modes of 2018–2020 Transportation Severe Total Bicycle 36% 6% Pedestrian 18% 2% Motorcycle 9% 1% Vehicles 37% 91% Other 2018–2020 Categories Severe Total Distracted 7% 12% Speeding 32% 9% Impaired 11% 5% Making Left Turn 34% 16% 2018–2020 Age Range Severe Total Children <15 5% 1% Youth 15-19 17% 15% Ages 20-29 43% 48% Ages 30-64 10% 19% Older Adults 65+ 25% 17% Bicycle, pedestrian, and motorcycle crashes have a disproportionate number of severe crashes compared to total crashes. Crashes involving people speeding, people impaired, and people making left turns have a disproportionate number of severe crashes compared to total crashes. Crashes involving people ages 15-29 and older adults ages 65 and older have a disproportionate number of severe crashes compared to total crashes. Crashes could be coded to multiple categories, so the percentages do not add up to 100% ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CRASHES (2018-2020) Crash Severity Number of Cost Per Societal Crashes Crash* Cost Property Damage 4,195 $11,600 $48,469,000 Possible Injury Crashes 971 $71,800 $69,747,900 Non-Incapacitating Injury Crashes 426 $127,600 $54,374,200 Incapacitating Injury (Severe) Crashes 143 $349,600 $49,987,500 Fatal (Severe) Crashes 8 $6,611,100 $52,888,500 TOTAL 5,743 $275,467,100 *Source: Federal Highway Administration, Highway Safety Manual; reported in 2021 dollars Between 2018 and 2020, 40% of severe crashes occurred at signalized intersections. The following intersections each had three severe crashes during this time period:  Foothills Pkwy. & Arapahoe Ave.  28th St. & Colorado Ave.  Broadway & College Ave. & 14th St.  S Broadway & Table Mesa Dr. Nationwide, between 2015 and 2019 (2020 excluded due to COVID-19) 7% increase in total crashes 6% increase in vehicle miles traveled 3% increase in population In Boulder, between 2015 and 2019 13% decrease in total crashes 10% increase in vehicle miles traveled 2.4% increase in population Source: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), U.S. Census 6 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 7 Crash Locations The majority (67%) of severe crashes between 2018 and 2020 occurred on principal arterial (41% ) and minor arterial (26% ) roadways, despite these street functional classifications accounting for about 17% of total centerline miles within the city. Centerline miles measure the length of a road or highway regardless of how many lanes it has. 67% of severe crashes occurred on an arterial roadway between 2018 and 2020 94% of severe left turn crashes occurred on an arterial roadway 77% of severe pedestrian crashes occurred on an arterial roadway 55% of severe bicycle crashes occurred on an arterial roadway Street Functional Centerline Percent of Total Severe Percent of Total Classification Miles Centerline Miles Crashes Severe Crashes Freeway/Expressway 11 3%10 7% Principal Arterial 41 9% 62 41% Minor Arterial 33 8% 40 26% Collector 31 7%14 9% Local 236 54%15 10% Multi-use Path 85 19% 10 7% Total 437 100%151 100% Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St55th StEisenhower AveFoothills Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson AveLehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr 36 36 93 119 36 J u l lia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Greenbr i ar BlvdGillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broad w ay S B r o a d wa y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u ce St W a ln u t S t Wa lnu t S t P in e S t P ea rl S t P ea rl S t C a n y o n B lv d Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h S t P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th S t Br oadway20t h St 23rd S tEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o othills P k wy Mohawk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R d17th St! ! !! !!!!!!!!! !! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!!! !!!!!!! !!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! !!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!! !!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!! !!! !!!!! !! !!!!!!!! !!!! !!!! !! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !! !!!! !!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!! ! !!!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!! !! !! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!!! ! !! !! ! !!!! !! ! !!! !!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! !! !!! !!!! ! ! !!! !! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! Gunbarrel Inset Crash Locations (2018-2020) NMile0 0.25 0.5 1 Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd 63rd StN 75th StSpine Rd119 T w inLakes Rd Number of Severe Crashes Number of Crashes 1 - 9 10 - 44 45 - 79 80 - 115 1 2 3 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data Crash LocationsCrash Locations (2018-2020)(2018-2020) The number of deaths from crashes each year has fluctuated since 2015. Number of Deaths per Year  2015 ZERO  2016  2017 ZERO  2018  2019  2020 Severe and fatal crashes have a large economic impact on the community. Continuing work on Vision Zero is critical to reduce the overall societal cost. 8 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 9 Progress and Ongoing Projects To achieve Vision Zero, the 4 E’s approach helps ensure the city is addressing travel safety from all angles. As an example, dangerous travel behaviors, such as impaired or distracted bicycling and driving, can be countered through enforcement efforts and safety education outreach, while engineering treatments can help prevent intersection conflicts. In many cases, applying all 4 E’s is the most comprehensive way to prevent crashes. The following are key Vision Zero actions which the City of Boulder is already taking or will be doing in the future. ENGINEERING  Made progress implementing the Low-Stress Walk and Bike Network Plan through Capital Projects, the Pavement Management Program, and GreenStreets Program.  Based on Traffic Signal Practices recommendations, made substantial progress implementing pedestrian head- starts (leading pedestrian intervals or LPIs) and changes to left-turn phasing. Installed additional right- turn-on-red restrictions where appropriate.  Lowered the default speed limit on local streets to 20 mph through the “20 is Plenty” project and installed over 400 unique Vision Zero 20 mph speed limit signs.  Created a Vision Zero Innovation Program where staff experimented with lower-cost and quicker-build safety improvements like paint-and-post curb extensions, hardened centerlines, pedestrian refuge islands, traffic calming features, and artwork.  Added more green pavement markings to highlight conflict areas between bikes and turning vehicles, especially along corridors with higher bike crashes (locations where there were two or more bicycle crashes involving right-turns or left-turns.  Implemented a Shared Streets Program on several key neighborhood streets to promote walking and biking while restricting vehicle access to local traffic only.  Successfully secured grant funding for several key capital projects, including the 30th St. Vertically Separated Bike Lanes, 28th St. & Colorado Ave. Intersection Rebuild, and Safer Signals Improvements/Rebuilds.  Planned, designed, and constructed projects funded through the Highway Safety Improvement Program at Broadway & Rayleigh Rd., Baseline Rd. & 29th St., and Colorado Ave. & Regent Dr.  Implemented appropriate pedestrian crossing treatments at locations where they are needed.  Successfully delivered many Neighborhood Speed Management Program projects, including the planning, design, and construction along 26th St. & 55th St. Select Locations with Improvements Between 2018 and 2021* Location Improvement 15th St. & Canyon Blvd. Changed northbound and southbound approach lane configuration to improve operations 29th St. & Baseline Rd. Aligned 29th St. to be perpendicular to Baseline Rd. to enhance sightlines, added a raised multi-use path crossing 29th St. to slow left-turning vehicles 30th St. & Arapahoe Ave. Adjusted left-turn phasing to extend protected-only operation during more periods of the day, changed off-peak left-turn operation from permitted to protected/permitted 30th St. & Baseline Rd. Converted left-turn signal phasing from permitted to protected-only 30th St. & Pearl St. Adjusted left-turn phasing to extend protected-only operation during more periods of the day, changed off-peak left-turn operation from permitted to protected/permitted, and lengthened pedestrian clearance times 30th St. & Valmont Rd. Converted all left-turn operations to Flashing Yellow Arrows, adjusted left-turn phasing from protected/permitted to protected- only during peak travel times Baseline Rd. & Mohawk Dr. Installed hardened centerline, added pedestrian head-starts, increased walk time, added an audible push button and associated extended pedestrian clearance time Broadway & Baseline Rd. Added an eastbound bike lane on the west leg of the intersection Broadway & Canyon Blvd. Converted all left-turn operations to Flashing Yellow Arrows Broadway & North St. Installed pedestrian head-starts Broadway & Rayleigh Rd. Added signalized southbound right turn lane for vehicles to reduce conflicts with multi-use path users and high speed rear-end crashes Canyon Blvd. & Folsom St. Adjusted left-turn phasing from protected/permitted to protected- only during peak travel times Colorado Ave. & Regent Dr. Installed pedestrian head-starts, reconstructed south side of intersection to provide protection for bicyclists, added a vertically separated bike lane going eastbound between Regent Dr. & 28th St. Folsom St. between Iris Ave. Enhanced the existing bike lanes with buffers, green conflict & Valmont Rd. markings, and reduced the speed limit to 25 mph Folsom St. between Valmont Rd. Added a concrete curb to the bike lanes and updated the & Pine St. delineators and green conflict markings Pine St. between Folsom St. Added buffered bike lanes and reduced the speed limit to 25 mph & 28th St. Table Mesa Dr. between Added buffered bike lanes, increased buffer and bike lane widths, Broadway & Vassar Dr. added green conflict markings, and added a green bike box at Table Mesa Dr. & Broadway The Vision Zero Innovation Program (VZIP) was dedicated to installing innovative, quick-build improvements on city streets in 2020-2021 . Due to their significantly lower cost to implement compared to traditional capital projects, VZIP projects are intended to accelerate progress toward creating safer streets to help our community achieve our Vision Zero goals . Areas of Concern Addressed Pedestrian Bicycle Speeding Left Turn Impaired * This table shows a snapshot of key projects and is not a comprehensive list of all improvements that were done to date. These locations are not all high crash locations identified from the Safe Streets Report, 3rd Edition 2019; however, the City has been proactive about identifying locations that need improvements through community feedback, traffic trends, and other safety concerns. Innovative Traffic Calming Treatment (Speed Kidney) 11 EDUCATION  Developed and cross-promoted multimedia and safety education campaigns to encourage safe travel behaviors, in collaboration with the Vision Zero Community Partnership (VZCP).  Shared educational Vision Zero animated videos and targeted safety messaging on social media to increase community awareness of Vision Zero and safe travel behaviors.  Coordinated with the University of Colorado Boulder (CU Boulder) and Google on Vision Zero community outreach. Three Vision Zero videos (overarching program, distracted, and intoxicated driving) were played at CU football and basketball sporting events; unfortunately, these efforts were suspended due to the pandemic.  Emphasized crosswalk safety through the Heads Up campaign that focused education and enforcement efforts at intersections and crosswalks that have high crash rates. In 2018-2019, piloted the use of Snapchat advertising to engage young community members through CU Boulder student events.  Teamed up annually with Community Cycles and CU Boulder to encourage the use of bike lights for nighttime riding by giving out free lights starting in November 2018 through the bike light safety program, Lighten Up Boulder. The pandemic impacted this program in 2020 and distribution events were cancelled; however, community members could still receive bike lights through individual requests.  Encouraged more walking and biking to school through the Safe Routes to School program, which included education, engagement activities, and infrastructure review. With funding from a recent two-year Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) grant (2017-2019), the city worked with three Boulder elementary schools to: • develop maps of recommended walking and biking routes to school • conduct in-school bike safety education • identify potential infrastructure improvements in a one-mile radius of each school • implement Walk and Bike to School Days and a new “Hug n’ Go” program at Mesa Elementary School ENGINEERING Moving Forward: The city will dive more deeply into crash trends identified herein using industry best practices to determine the most impactful reactive and proactive engineering improvements. These proven crash countermeasures will be documented in the 2022 Vision Zero Action Plan, and they will be specific, measurable, time-bound, and scalable based on available resources. Transportation staff will continue to evaluate the effectiveness of engineering treatments. Select Locations with Planned Improvements WORK COMMUTE TRIPS • WALKING (2015-2019) Boulder 11 .1% Denver Metro 2 .2% United States 2 .7% WORK COMMUTE TRIPS • BICYCLING (2015-2019) Boulder 9 .9% Denver Metro 0 .8% United States 0 .5% Source: American Community Survey (ACS) 5-year (2015-2019) Boulder has a higher percentage of people walking and biking to work when compared to other communities in the Denver Metro and United States. 10 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 Location Improvement 28th St. & Colorado Ave. Rebuilding traffic signal, building a protected intersection for pedestrians and bicyclists, installing Business-Access-Transit (BAT) lanes in each direction, and installing landscape buffered multi-use paths along Colorado Ave. between Folsom St. & 28th St. 30th St. & Colorado Ave. Constructing underpasses on the south and east leg for pedestrians and bicyclists, building a fully protected intersection for pedestrian and bicycle at-grade crossings, and installing a vertically separated bike lane along 30th St. between Colorado Ave. & Boulder Creek (anticipated construction completion in 2022) Baseline Rd. & Canyon Creek Rd. Replacing the Rectangular Rapid Flash Beacon with a pedestrian traffic signal crossing and adding a raised median pedestrian refuge island Baseline Rd. & Mohawk Dr. Rebuilding signals on the northbound and southbound approaches and adding protected/permitted left-turn phasing Broadway & Baseline Rd. Rebuilding traffic signal and providing protected left-turn phasing Broadway & Regent Dr. & 20th St. Rebuilding traffic signal and providing protected left-turn phasing Folsom St. & Pine St. Rebuilding traffic signal and providing protected left-turn phasing Lehigh St. between Table Adding buffers to the existing bike lanes. Adding curb extensions Mesa Dr. & Cragmoor Rd. and pedestrian crossing treatments Various Locations Enhancing traffic signal displays for Flashing Yellow Arrow and (Eight Intersections) protected left-turn phasing Various Locations Neighborhood Speed Management Program, 20 is Plenty, Vision Zero Innovation Program, and the Community Mobility Planning & Implementation Grant Speed Limit Setting and Signing Framework BOULDER WORK COMMUTE TRIPS & VULNERABLE ROADWAY USERS Areas of Concern Addressed 12 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 13 Photo Enforcement Program Photo Radar Van Photo radar vans use an automated camera system used to enforce speed limits . When a speeding vehicle is detected, the photo radar system takes a picture of the driver and the license plate . The registered owner of the vehicle then receives a warning or citation in the mail . Photo radar is operated in a marked City of Boulder vehicle by a specially trained police employee . Photo Red-Light Camera Running red lights is a common cause for crashes at intersections in Boulder . Photo red-light cameras take pictures of any vehicles that run red lights, record the time elapsed since the light turned red and the vehicle entered the intersection, and issue citations . The photo red-light systems are installed at key Boulder intersections that have a high number of collisions . BOULDER POLICE DEPARTMENT AND TRANSPORTATION & MOBILITY DEPARTMENT COORDINATION Regular department communication, monthly meetings Focus on Vision Zero and NSMP Participate in Vision Zero Community Partnership Participate in Heads Up Two primary vans, one backup at 180 locations Eleven cameras at nine locations ENFORCEMENT Strategies  Collaborate on traffic enforcement with local and regional enforcement agencies to identify locations that would benefit from additional enforcement and, where allowed by state law, photo radar (speed) and photo red-light enforcement. Focus police enforcement on speeding, red-light running, and other unsafe and unlawful activities, such as failing to yield at crosswalks or come to a complete stop at stop signs.  Use Boulder Police Department resources strategically to achieve results, given limitations to where each type of enforcement can be used. Use photo radar in local neighborhoods to issue warnings and citations, which will allow additional officer resources to be used for arterial speed enforcement, flexible red-light running enforcement, and other high-risk traffic control violations. Expand the use of photo red-light enforcement as a highly effective mitigation for the often severe right-angle crashes that can occur when a driver runs a red light.  The city installed photo red-light camera technology at one new intersection in 2019 and two new intersections in 2020.  Focus on anti-DUI enforcement in key locations to address alcohol and drug-impaired drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians.  Track state and federal legislation related to travel safety goals, such as supporting state legislation to retain the ability of local governments to deploy photo red-light and speed enforcement technology, to prohibit the use of mobile phones while driving, and to protect vulnerable users, such as pedestrians and bicyclists. State Legislation  In December 2019, Governor Polis signed into law Senate Bill 19-175 - Serious Bodily Injury Vulnerable Road User Penalties. The act makes it a class 1 traffic misdemeanor when careless driving of a motor vehicle is the proximate cause of serious bodily injury to a vulnerable road user.  In March 2020, Governor Polis signed into law Senate Bill 20-061 – The Bike Lane Bill. This act defines a bike lane in Colorado law for the first time and establishes that bicyclists have the right-of-way in all circumstances when using a bike lane. It requires that drivers not drive in, idle in, or otherwise block the bike lane. Drivers or others who block the bike lane may be subject to a fine of $70 and three points off their license if caught blocking the bike lane, like other parking enforcement efforts around the state. 14 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 15 Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St17th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St55th StEisenhower AveFoothills Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson AveLehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr J u l l ia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Greenbr i ar BlvdGillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broad w ay S B r o a d wa y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u c e S t W a ln u t S t W a ln u t S t P in e S t P e a r l S t P e a r l S t C a n y o n B lv d Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h St P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th St Br oadway20t h St 23r d StEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o o thills P k wy Moh awk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R d! ! !!! ! ! ! !!!!!!! ! ! ! !!! !!!! !!!!!! ! !!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! ! !!!!!!!! !! !! ! !!! ! ! !! !!! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !!! ! ! NMile00.25 0.5 1 36 36 93 119 119 36 Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd 63rd StN 75th StSpine RdT w in Lakes Rd Gunbarrel Inset Number of Severe Crashes Number of Crashes 1 2 3 4 1 2 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data People Walking People walking are among the most vulnerable users of Boulder’s transportation network. Although pedestrians were involved in only 2% of all crashes from 2018 to 2020 (about 46 per year), they were involved in 18% of all severe crashes (about nine per year) in that timeframe. Overall, pedestrian crashes between 2018 and 2020 decreased in both total and severe crashes since the last analysis years (2015-2017). 77% (about seven per year) of all severe crashes involving a pedestrian occurred on a roadway classified as an arterial . Total % (#) Severe % (#) Within Crosswalk 77% (106) 70% (19) Travel Lane 20% (28) 30% (8) Parking Lot <1% (1) 0% (0) Along Sidewalk/Multi-use Path <1% (1) 0% (0) Unknown 2% (3) 0% (0) TOTAL CRASHES 139 27 Since 2009, the three most common — and most harmful— types of crashes involving pedestrians are: Pedestrians being hit by left-turning vehicles 26% of all pedestrian crashes 19% of all severe pedestrian crashes — about two severe crashes per year Pedestrians dashing into the street and being hit by a vehicle 12% of all pedestrian crashes 30% of all severe pedestrian crashes — about three severe crashes per year Pedestrians walking across an intersection and being hit by a motorist who failed to yield 8% of all pedestrian crashes 19% of all severe pedestrian crashes — about two severe crashes per year 1 2 3 Pedestrian CrashesPedestrian Crashes (2018-2020)(2018-2020) Locations with a high number of pedestrian-related crashes include:  Baseline Rd. & Mohawk Dr.: four crashes (two severe)  Arapahoe Ave. & 55th St.: three crashes (one severe)  Canyon Blvd. & Boulder Main Library: three crashes (one severe) Areas with a high number of pedestrian-related crashes:  Central Broadway (from Iris Ave. to Baseline Rd.): 18% of total pedestrian crashes  Downtown Boulder: 16% of total pedestrian crashes Key approaches to improve pedestrian safety include:  Adding pedestrian head-start signal timing at intersections  Adding “No Right-Turn on Red” restrictions  Using protected left-turn signal phasing  Adding signage to increase awareness of pedestrians  Education around pedestrian safety using social media campaigns Within Crosswalk Parking Lot Along Sidewalk/ Multi-use Path Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 9 11 16 6 11 11 7 15 14 8 8 11 80 60 40 20 0Number of Crashes42 38 45 48 65 48 47 64 58 54 50 35 CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON WALKING LOCATIONS OF CRASHES INVOLVING PEDESTRIANS (2018-2020) Travel Lane These three crash types account for 46% of all pedestrian crashes and 68% of severe pedestrian crashes. 16 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 17 People Bicycling People bicycling are also among the most vulnerable users of Boulder’s transportation network. Although bicyclists were involved in only 6% of all crashes (about 118 per year) from 2018 to 2020, they were involved in 36% of all severe crashes (about 18 per year). The number of people involved in bicycle-related crashes has decreased since 2016. Overall, bicycle crashes between 2018 and 2020 decreased in both total and severe crashes since the last analysis years (2015-2017). 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 17 22 17 25 16 31 17 26 16 20 24 11 200 150 100 50 0Number of Crashes152 177 168 187 173 173 164 194 162 151 136 67 CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON BICYCLING Severe Crashes Total Crashes Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St63rd StN 75th StSpine Rd55th StEisenhower AveFoothillss Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson AveLehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr 36 36 93 119 119 36 J u l l ia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Greenbr i ar BlvdGillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broa d w ay S B r o a d w a y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u c e St W a ln u t St W al n ut S t Pi n e S t P e a rl S t P e a r l S t Can y o n B lvd Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h St P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th St Br oadway20t h St 23r d StEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o o thills P k wy Mohawk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R dT w inLak es Rd !! ! ! !!! ! ! !!!! !!!! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! !!! !!! !!!!! !! !!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!!!!!!! ! !!!!! !!!!! ! ! !!!!! ! ! !! ! !! ! ! ! !! ! !! ! !!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! NMile0 0.25 0.5 1 Gunbarrel Inset Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd 63rd StN 75th StSpine RdT w inLakes Rd 17th St119 Number of Severe Crashes Number of Crashes 1 - 2 3 - 4 5 - 6 7 - 9 1 2 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data Bicycle CrashesBicycle Crashes (2018-2020)(2018-2020) Locations with the highest number of bicycle-related crashes:  28th St. & Colorado Ave.: nine crashes (one severe)  Baseline Rd. & Canyon Creek Rd.: seven crashes (two severe) Key approaches to improve bicycle safety include:  Adding green pavement markings and signage to high crash corridors  Reconstructing intersections to provide protection for bicyclists  Adding “No Right-Turn on Red” restrictions at intersections  Using protected left-turn signal phasing  Organizing programs to educate drivers on bicycle safety THE MAJORITY of bicycle crashes ocurred within a crosswalk or within another part of the intersection . Of crashes on a multi-use path or sidewalk, the bicyclist was legally riding against traffic about 69% of the time and about half of those crashes resulted in a serious injury . Total % (#) Severe % (#) Within Crosswalk 63% (225) 47% (26) Intersection 20% (70) 16% (9) Bike Lane/Paved Shoulder 6% (23) 14% (8) Travel Lane 5% (17) 5% (3) Multi-use Path 4% (13) 16% (9) Other/Unknown 1% (4) 2% (1) Sidewalk 1% (3) 0% (0) TOTAL CRASHES 355 56 LOCATIONS OF CRASHES INVOLVING BICYCLISTS (2018-2020) SEVERE BICYCLE CRASHES BY STREET FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION (2018-2020) Percent of Severe Percent of Total Centerline Bicycle Total Severe Miles Crashes Bicycle Crashes Freeway/Expressway 3%2 4% Principal Arterial 9% 17 30% Minor Arterial 8% 14 25% Collector 7%8 14% Local 54%5 9% Multi-use Path 19% 10 18% OVER HALF (55%, about ten per year) of severe bicycle crashes occurred on a roadway classified as an arterial. Within Crosswalk Intersection Bike Lane/Paved Shoulder Travel Lane Multi-use Path Sidewalk 18 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 People Traveling Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs People traveling under the influence continues to be a challenge due to the severity of the crashes. Since 2009, the annual number of crashes involving a person suspected of or charged with a DUI has remained steady, with the exception of 2020. During the last three years (2018-2020), crashes involving impaired road users were 5% of the total crashes (about 89 crashes per year), however they were involved in 11% of total severe crashes (about six per year). Generally, total crashes involving impaired road users have decreased since 2017. CRASHES INVOLVING AN IMPAIRED ROAD USER IMPAIRED CRASHES BY IMPAIRED ROAD USER’S GENDER (2018-2020) Source: ACS 5-year (2015-2019) 71% Male Female 29%Male Female 48%52%Male Female 16% 84% Impaired Crashes Severe Impaired Crashes Boulder Population (age 15+ years) Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 4 5 14 9 4 9 7 6 8 10 6 1 150 100 50 0Annual Crashes104 97 114 110 107 105 108 109 129 97 93 76 19 Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St55th StEisenhower AveFoothills Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson Ave Lehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr 36 36 93 119 119 36 J u llia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Greenbr i ar BlvdGillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broad w ay S B r o a d w a y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u c e S t W a ln u t S t P in e S t P e a r l S t P e a r l S t C a n y o n B lv d Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h St P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th St Br oadway20t h St 23r d StEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o o t hills P k wy Mohawk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R d17th St! ! ! ! !!! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! !!!! ! !!!! ! ! ! ! !!!!! !! !!!!!! ! !! ! !!!! ! !! !! ! !!! ! !! ! ! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! !! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Gunbarrel Inset NMile00.25 0.5 1 Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd 63rd StN 75th StSpine RdT w in Lakes Rd 119 Number of Severe Crashes Number of Crashes 1 2 3 4 1 2 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data Impaired CrashesImpaired Crashes (2018-2020)(2018-2020) Locations with the highest number of impaired crashes:  Foothills Pkwy. & Arapahoe Ave.: six crashes (two severe)  Foothills Pkwy. & Valmont Rd.: four crashes The 2018-2020 data showed about 38% fewer impaired crashes in the Downtown area compared to 2015- 2017 data. Key approaches to reduce impaired crashes include:  Education for all road users  Enforcement  Special programs with Uber and Lyft to encourage a safe ride home Between 2018 and 2020, impaired crashes involved: 66% alcohol only 11% drugs only 11% alcohol and drugs 5% unknown impaired conditions Note that the specific type of drugs involved in each crash was not readily available for this analysis, and more detailed tracking on crash reports of types of drugs involved (such as marijuana) is currently being explored. 57% road user under the age of 30 24% road user between ages 30 and 49Male road users are significantly more likely to be involved in impaired crashes. 20 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON SPEEDING (2009-2020) Between 2018 and 2020, one out of every three severe crashes involved speeding. A crash is identified as a speeding crash if the officer records driver actions as “exceeded safe or posted speed” (and road condition was “dry”) or “estimated travel speed was greater than the posted speed limit.” 78% of speeding travelers involved in severe crashes were males. Ages 20-25 People ages 20 to 25 years old were at fault in 33% of severe speeding crashes between 2018 and 2020. Roughly one in ten pedestrians survive a collision with a vehicle traveling at 40 mph, versus five in ten at 30 mph, and nine in ten at 20 mph . “20 IS PLENTY” SPEED LIMITS Speeding was identified as one of the top causes of severe traffic crashes in Boulder in the Safe Streets Report, 3rd Edition 2019 and implementing a 20 mph speed limit for local residential streets was a key action in the city’s 2019 Transportation Master Plan and Vision Zero Action Plan . In 2020, the City of Boulder lowered the default speed limit – or the legal speed where no signs are posted – from 25 mph to 20 mph . The speed limit on all residential streets was also lowered to 20 mph . Residential streets make up 70% of all streets in Boulder . The city is currently evaluating the effectiveness of the program with the results of the evaluation planned to be presented in 2022 . Boulder’s Vision Zero 20 mph sign was designed by Transportation staff to increase visibility by using a larger size and bright colors to highlight the City’s commitment to the Vision Zero goal . People Speeding The number of speeding crashes increased between 2015 and 2018. 2018 and 2019 had the highest number of severe speeding crashes since 2009. During the last three years (2018-2020), crashes involving speeding were 9% of the total crashes (about 173 per year) and 32% of total severe crashes (about 16 per year). Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 7 3 10 12 11 2 8 10 13 19 19 11 200 150 100 50 0Annual Crashes107 110 121 108 109 101 147 163 187 204 187 129 More than 400 speed limit and city gateway signs were updated in 2020 as part of this effort. 21 Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St55th StEisenhower AveFoothills Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson AveLehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr 36 36 93 119 36 J u l lia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Greenbr i ar BlvdGillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broad w ay S B ro a d wa y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u c e S t W a ln u t S t W a ln u t S t P in e S t P e a r l S t P e a r l S t C a n y o n B lv d Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h St P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th St Br oadway20t h St 23r d StEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o o thills P k wy Mohawk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R d17th St!! !! ! ! ! !!!!!! ! !!!! ! !!!!!!! !!! ! ! !! ! !!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!! !!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!! !! !!!!! !! !! !!!!! !!! ! !! !!!!! !! !! ! !!!!!! !!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! !!!! !! ! ! ! ! !! !!!!!!!!! !!!!!! !! !! !! !! !!! !!! ! ! ! ! !! !!! ! !! ! ! ! ! NMile00.25 0.5 1 Gunbarrel Inset Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd 63rd StN 75th StSpine Rd119 T w in Lak es Rd Number of Severe Crashes Number of Crashes 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 1 2 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data Speeding CrashesSpeeding Crashes (2018-2020)(2018-2020) Locations with the highest number of speeding-related crashes:  Broadway & Regent Dr.: seven crashes  Broadway & Baseline Rd.: six crashes  Broadway & Canyon Blvd.: six crashes (one severe)  28th St. & Colorado Ave.: six crashes (one severe) Broadway continues to experience the highest number of speeding- related crashes. Other high crash corridors include Arapahoe Ave. and 28th St. Key approaches to reduce speeding include:  Installing traffic calming treatments through the Neighborhood Speed Management Program (NSMP) and the Vision Zero Innovation Program (VZIP)  Lowering speed limits on residential streets  Reviewing speed limit setting and signing practices  Piloting Shared Streets  Deploying photo radar vans, where allowed by state law, to conduct enforcement  Installing dynamic speed feedback signs at key locations 22 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 23 People Making Left Turns During the last three years (2018-2020), crashes involving left turns were 16% of the total crashes (about 306 per year) and 34% of total severe crashes (about 17 per year). This is an increase from 11% of total crashes and 30% of severe crashes during the 2015 and 2017 time period. Why Do We Use a Flashing Yellow Arrow (FYA)? Research has shown that a Flashing Yellow Arrow is safer than a green ball due to its color (yellow = caution!) and due to the flashing movement, which catches the eye and the attention of motorists. The FYA is now the federal standard and is generally preferred over the use of a green ball to indicate permitted left-turn movements. The city typically uses protected phasing under certain geometric conditions (e.g., limited sight distance) or if there is already a crash trend at a particular intersection. The city also uses protected- only phasing proactively to reduce potential crashes in instances where there are high volumes of bicyclists and/or pedestrians or higher speed vehicles regularly using the intersection. 25 24 2 51 6 walking 5 on a bike 13 in a car 1 on a motorcycle 0 on a motorcycle0 walking 14 on a bike 10 in a car severe crashes involving a left-turn movement (2018-2020): involved vehicles making a permitted left turn at intersections with a traffic signal occurred at intersections and driveways without a traffic signal occurred when a vehicle ran a red light at a signalized intersection with a protected left turn While progress has been made at reducing left-turn crashes at signalized intersections, there has been an increase in left-turn crashes at unsignalized intersections and driveways since 2017. WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF LEFT-TURN PHASING?  Protected: you turn left while opposing traffic is stopped  Permitted: you turn left when there is a gap in opposing traffic (vehicles, cyclists, pedestrians) Protected Permitted In some cases the City uses a combination of protected and permitted operations at the same signal, and sometimes the signal phasing varies by time of day to accommodate varying levels of usage.  The intersections are primarily located along arterial corridors, including 28th St., 30th St., Arapahoe Ave., Broadway, Canyon Blvd., Foothills Pkwy., and Pearl Pkwy.  The locations were determined using both reactive (crash-based) and proactive (areas with higher risk) prioritization criteria. Preliminary evaluation showed an 87% reduction in crashes Greenbria r Blvd ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! NMile00.25 0.5 1 Gunbarrel Inset Number of Severe Crashes 1 2 City of Boulder Limits Not all crashes were displayed on the maps due to insucient information / no latitude or longitude information / no specic location data Yarmouth Ave Violet Ave Quince Ave Norwood Ave Linden Ave Kalmia Ave Juniper Ave Hawthorn Ave Iris Ave Balsam Ave Alpine Ave Valmont Rd Independence Rd Lookout Rd Spine Rd Gunbarrel Ave Monarch Rd Glenwood Dr Jay Rd Kalmia Ave Mapleton Ave University Ave Arapahoe Ave College Ave 9th St8th St6th St6th St4th St9th St6th St13th St20th St28th St28th St28th St26th StFolsom StFoothills PkwyN Broadway19th St19th StFolsom St30th St30th St29th St33rd St30th St47th St55th St63rd St61sr St51st St63rd StN 75th StSpine Rd55th StEisenhower AveFoothills Pkwy35th St16th St22nd StAurora Ave Euclid Ave Cascade Ave Baseline Rd Mariposa Ave King Ave Dartmouth Ave Table Mesa Dr Baseline Rd Baseline RdAurora Ave Colorado Ave Arapahoe AveArapahoe Ave Canyon Blvd Hanover Ave Darley Ave Emerson AveLehigh StS 46th StS 44th StS 42nd StHeidelberg Dr South Boulder Rd Lee Hill Dr 36 36 93 119 119 36 J u l l ia rd St T a b le M e sa DrK o h ler Dr Vassar Dr Gillaspie DrL o n g w o o d A v e Grinnell A veS Broad w ay S B r o a d wa y Ash Av e Martin Dr Moorhead Ave S p r u c e S t W a ln u t S t W a ln u t S t P in e S t P e a r l S t P e a r l S t C a n y o n B lv d Regen t DrD iagonal Hwy 26t h St P earl Pkwy Walnut St Pine St North S t 13t h St14th St 16t h St 15t h St9th St Br oadway20t h St 23r d StEdgewood D rM a p le t o n Ave F o o t hills P k wy Moh awk DrInca PkwyManh atta n DrCherryvale RdValmont R dT w in Lakes Rd 17th StLeft Turn Severe Left Turn Severe CrashesCrashes ((2018-20202018-2020)) Locations with the highest number of left-turn severe crashes:  Baseline Rd. & Mohawk Dr.: (two severe)  S. Broadway & Table Mesa Dr.: (two severe) Key approaches to reduce left-turn crashes include:  Using a Flashing Yellow Arrow instead of a green ball  Adding a protected left-turn phase in addition to permitted left-turn phasing  Using protected left-turn signal phasing  Posting signs to reinforce driver left-turn yielding to pedestrians and bicyclists  Using raised crossings and hardened centerlines to slow turning vehicles LEFT-TURN PHASING CHANGES HAVE BEEN IMPLEMENTED AT 25 INTERSECTIONS SINCE 2018 24 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 25 People Ages 65 and Older Between 2018 to 2020, people ages 65 years and older were involved in 17% of total crashes (about 324 per year) and 25% (about 13 per year) of severe crashes. This is a significant change from the Safe Streets Report, 3rd Edition 2019. Severe crashes involving people ages 65 years and older were overrepresented as compared to the total crashes and the number of crashes involving people of that age is also overrepresented when compared to Boulder’s population. CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON AGE 65 YEARS AND OLDER Since 2010, crashes involving an older adult have increased by 89%, while the older adult population has increased by 35% between 2010 and 2019. Of the 973 crashes involving people ages 65 and older (between 2018 and 2020): 54% 3% Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 7 5 7 12 7 16 1 7 12 15 11 12 400 300 200 100 0Annual Crashes244 201 263 277 344 327 373 356 346 403 380 190 of people ages 65 and older were at- fault (in most cases driving) of people ages 65 and older were walking or biking CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON AGE 65 YEARS AND OLDER COMPARED TO BOULDER POPULATION Percent of Total Crashes Involving a Person Age 65 Years and Older Percent of Boulder Population Age 65 and Older 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 20% 15% 10% 5% 0Percent of Total Crashes10%9%11%12%13%13% 15%14%14% 17%17%16% 10%10%10%10%11%11%11%11%11%11%12%12% Between 2018 and 2020, people ages 65 and older accounted for 12% of Boulder ’s population and were involved in 17% of crashes. “ Boulder County is experiencing an unprecedented change in its population: the proportion of older adult residents (people age 60 and older) is greater and growing faster than ever before. Between 2020 and 2050, the county’s overall population increase is projected to be 33%. Compare that against the older adult population increase of 58% and the 80+ population increase of 244%. We are getting older.” Source: Aging in Boulder County Past, Present, Future Report, September 2019 Source: ACS 5-year (2015-2019) 26 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 27 Other Areas of Concern Other areas of concern include crashes involving:  People ages 15 to 19   People ages 20 to 29   Distracted Road Users   People Riding Motorcycles People Ages 15 to 19 Between 2018 and 2020, people ages 15 to 19 years old were involved in 15% of total crashes (about 289 per year) and 17% of severe crashes (about nine per year). According to the U.S. Census, people ages 15 to 19 account for 12% of the Boulder population. CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON AGE 15-19 Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2 8 10 7 4 8 8 13 7 13 7 6 400 300 200 100 0Annual Crashes399 356 354 343 327 319 353 393 372 341 317 208 CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON AGE 20-29 Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 14 24 26 38 23 33 20 28 28 28 25 12 1500 1000 500 0Annual Crashes1,044 1,030 975 1,039 1,143 1,136 1,207 1,202 1,191 1,160 1,008 580 CRASHES INVOLVING A DISTRACTED ROAD USER Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2 5 1 0 2 4 1 6 4 4 4 2 300 200 100 0Annual Crashes143 170 137 163 169 171 198 206 189 260 237 180 CRASHES INVOLVING A PERSON RIDING A MOTORCYCLE Total Crashes Severe Crashes 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 9 6 9 7 6 8 2 8 13 5 4 4 60 40 20 0Annual Crashes51 37 45 46 40 39 35 52 42 30 28 16 People Ages 20 to 29 Between 2018 and 2020, people ages 20 to 29 years old were involved in 48% of total crashes (about 916 per year) and 43% of severe crashes (about 22 per year). According to the 2019 U.S. Census, people ages 20 to 29 account for 31% of the Boulder population. The number of crashes involving people of this age group has decreased since 2017, yet the proportion of severe crashes has remained the same. This decrease was most notable in when many students in this age group were not attending school on campus during 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Distracted Road Users Between 2018 and 2020, distracted road users were involved in 12% of total crashes (about 226 per year) and 7% of severe crashes (about three per year). The number of total distracted crashes increased as compared to 2015 to 2017. People Riding Motorcycles Although motorcyclists were involved in only 1% of all crashes (about 25 per year) from 2018 to 2020, they were involved in 9% of all severe crashes (about four per year). Overall, motorcycle crashes between 2018 and 2020 decreased in both total and severe crashes since the last analysis years (2015-2017). 28 Vision Zero Boulder | Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 29 Other Vision Zero Objectives In addition to eliminating crashes resulting in serious injuries and fatalities and reducing other types of crashes, there are three other Vision Zero objectives. Improve Travel Comfort and Security Although Boulder already has a well-developed network of facilities for people walking and bicycling relative to many U.S. cities, it is important to recognize that even one small “high-stress” location can change a person’s choice of routes or could deter them from choosing to walk or bicycle at all, especially if children are involved. Feeling secure plays a role in how people choose to travel. The city’s Low-Stress Walk and Bike Network Plan identifies stressful walking and bicycling conditions and provides recommendations for specific types of facilities, programs, and routes that would help to improve people’s comfort levels when getting around Boulder. For instance, this could be adding sidewalks and bicycle lanes to fill in gaps in the existing network or adding lighting to multi-use paths to increase safety. Enhance Awareness of and Community Engagement with Vision Zero Prioritizing and growing a robust Vision Zero program requires ongoing monitoring and continuous refinement to city processes, strategic partnerships, community engagement, and resource investment. It means enhancing social media engagement and strengthening relationships with local and regional community organizations and other municipalities and agencies so that we are integrated and strategic in sharing our best practices and messaging around Vision Zero. Committing to Vision Zero means dedicating resources to improve travel safety and ensuring the program continues to grow in terms of community understanding and adoption. Improve Data and Be Transparent The city collects and analyzes data to understand the transportation system and support a data-driven approach to addressing crash trends. By providing clear, straightforward data in a timely manner, community members will understand how and where crashes occur and how to prevent them from happening. City staff is currently transitioning the Transportation & Mobility Department’s crash database to include the state’s new crash report form (DR3447), which expands the ability to analyze crash data and develop proven crash countermeasures. Good data also allows us to accurately convey information and trends to the public and helps us brief community leaders about the progress we’ve made and the challenges that still need to be tackled. Next Steps The information contained in the Safe Streets Report, 4th Edition 2022 sets the foundation for important and continued safety work. It will guide and inform an update to the Vision Zero Action Plan, which will provide a revised and refocused to-do list of actions within the four E’s of engineering, education, enforcement, and evaluation that can be completed in the next few years to work towards achieving the Vision Zero goals. The action plan update will include more in-depth crash analyses to identify the tools best suited to mitigate current crash trends at intersections and along segments. These countermeasures will be prioritized through a racial equity framework. Performance metrics will be revised to enhance our ability to measure progress. One of the goals of the updated Vision Zero Action Plan is to provide a more specific, actionable framework that will seamlessly integrate into other interdepartmental work. The revised action plan will also aim to:  Develop and apply an equity index to assess crash trends within the city relative to social and economic factors, health factors, land use patterns, etc.  Quantify, categorize, and prioritize improvements expected to be most impactful at achieving Vision Zero objectives, particularly in the areas of reducing both severe and total crashes, which have been previously identified as top priorities.  Estimate the costs and be transparent about the budget needs associated with both the implementation and ongoing long-term maintenance of planned or previously installed Vision Zero projects.  Refine performance metrics to more consistently and transparently track and report on progress. The updated action plan will be completed throughout 2022. City of Boulder — Transportation & Mobility Department 1101 Arapahoe Ave . • Boulder, CO 80302 • 303-441-3200 www .bouldercolorado .gov/transportation