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HomeMy WebLinkAbout10 - University Hill Parking & Access Study' ' ~ ' ' ~ ~ ' ' ' ' 1 1 1 ' ' ' 1 University Hill Parking & Access Study University Hill General Improvement District December 3, 2004 l~ SEH Multidisaplined. Single Source. Trusted solutions for more chan 75 years. ' ' , , ' ' ' University Hill Parking and Access Study ~ University Hill ' General Improvement District Boulder, Colorado ' ' SEH No. BOULD 0502 ' December 3, 2004 t ' 1 ' ' ' f_ ~ sEH ~ ' ' 1 Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION / OVERVIEW ........................................................................................1 ' 1.1 Study Area .....................................................................................................................................1 12 Previous Studies ............................................................................................................................3 1.3 City of Boulder Transportation Master Plan ..................................................................................3 , 2.0 PARKING INVEWTORY ...................................................................................................4 2.1 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................6 22 Utilization of Commeroial Parking .................................................................................................7 ' 2.3 Utilization by Type of Space ........................................................................................................ 10 2.4 Availability of Non-Metered On-Street Parking Spaces .............................................................. 11 ' S.0 UHGID USER SURVEY ................................................................................................. 12 3.1 Survey Participants ...................................................................................................................... 12 ' 3.2 Survey Resutts ............................................................................................................................ 13 4.0 CONCLUSIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................... 15 ' 4.1 42 Summary of Conclusions ............................................................................................................. R d ti 17 17 ons ....................................................................................................................... ecommen a 1 Tables ' Table 1 Commercial Parking Spaces ................................................................................... 5 Table 2 Parking Lots ............................................................................................................ 6 Table 3 On-Street Non-Metered Parking Spaces ................................................................. 6 , Table 4 Inventories ............................................................................................................... 7 Table 5 Weekday Parking Utilization and Parking Trends .................................................... 8 Table 6 Saturday Parking Utilization .................................................................................... 9 ' Table 7 Commercial Parking Utilization by Area ................................................................... 10 Table 8 Parking Utilization, On-Street Metered and Lot Parking ........................................... 10 ' Table 9 Utilization of Parking Meters .................................................................................... 11 Table 10 On-Street Parking Availability Outside the Commercial District ............................. 12 Table 11 Intercept Survey Participants ................................................................................. 13 ' Table 12 User Survey Results .............................................................................................. 14 Table 13 UHGID Mode Split Compared to Boulder Valley Averages .................................... 14 ' Table 14 Where did You Park? Day vs. Evening .................................................................. 15 ' ' Short Elliott Hendridcson Inc. ' University Hili Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page i ' ' ' , ' ' ' ' , ' , ' , , 1 ' ' Figures Figure 1 - Study Area F1gure 2 - Parking Areas Figure 3- Peak Hour Parking Utilization - W eekday Day Figure 4- Peak Hour Parking Utilization - Weekday Evening Figure 5- Peak Hour Parking Utilization - Saturday Day Fiyure 6- Peak Hour Pa~lcing Utilization - Saturday Evening Figure 7- Parking Utilization by Time of Day Attachments A1 - Survey Sheet A2 - Detailed Parking Space Inventory ' snort Euion Henddc~cson +nc. ' University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page ii ' , ' University Hill ' Parking and Access Study -DRAFT ' University Hill General Improvement District ' ' 1.0 INTRODUCTION / OVERVIEW ' The Universiry Hill Pasking and Access Study is an assessment of the supply of corrunercial pazking and of the accessibility of University Hill for the University Hill General Improvement District (UHGID). The study aiso ' examines potential impacts to noncomtrercial on-strcet pazking. The goal of the project is to quantify the availability of pazking in the commercial district and to assess the ability of customers and employees of the district to access ' the area. Current parking conditions are compared to the results of two previous studies completed in 1993 and 1998 to identify trends in pazking availabi-ity. , T'he study inciudes both a pazking inventory and user survey to identify pazking characteristics. As with the 1993 and 1998 studies, the Parking ' Inventory identifies the type and location of each pazking space, then tracks udlization over a typical weekday. Additional inventories were conducted on a weekday after 6:00 PM and over the course of a Saturday in order to identify pazking use during these times. ~ The User Survey is an intercept survey of individuals in the study area over a variety of time periods. Survey results are used to measure the mode and , origin by which individuals are accessing the Hill and to compaze this accessibility to the City as a whole. Individuals were chosen at random and asked four questions about their origin, purpose, mode use, and pazking ' location. The results of these assessments are summarized in tlus report in order to provide informltion on parking use and access to propeRy owners, ' businesses, and City o~cials and to aid in future land use and pazking investment decisions. ' 1.1 Study Area The study area for this parking study includes the University Hill General ' Improvement District Area (UHGID) and the pazking areas surrounding it. Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. ' University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 1 ' ~ Pazking includes: ^ iJHGID on-street metered spaces (142 spaces) • University Avenue on-street metered spaces (92 spaces) , ^ UHGID lot spaces (107 metered and 46 permiy ^ Private lots for commercial customers and/or employees (121 spaces). ^ Non-metered on-street spaces surrounding the UHGID district but not , wiUun the Neighborhood Permit Pazking area (620 spaces) ^ Neighborhood Permit Pazking spaces (140 spaces) Figure 1(attached) shows the parking supply for the study area and indicates , areas of on-street metered parking; lot parking; on-street non-m~tered pazking; and Neighborhood Pazking Permit (NPP) parking. Each block of wmmercial parking has been assigned a Block ID number and each pazking , lot a Lot ID in order to identify parking use and to track pazking utilization from previous studies. It is impotYant to note that this study dces not include all the non-metered on- ' street pazking, nor does it examine the entire NPP area. ' Neighborhood Parking Permit Program The Neighborhood Pemtit Parldng (NPP) program was adopted by the City Council in May 1997 to update and improve the City's Residendal Parking Permit program. The NPP was designed to improve the balance between , preserving neighborhood character and providing public access to community facilities. NPP pazking restrictions limit on-street pazking in the zone for vehides without a parking pernut. Vetticles without an NPP permit ' tnay park one time only per day per zone for the posted time limit and may not repazk in ttiat zone again on the same day. Vehicles with a valid permit , are exempt from these posted pazking restrictions. Residents who live within an NPP zone may purchase up to two resident permits and receive up to two visitor passes per residence per year. , Businesses located within a zone may purchase up to three pernuts for use by employees and may appiy for additional employee parking permits if necessary. ' The NPP program was established on University Hill to discourage use of the on-sa~eet non-metered pazking spaces by those commuting to or visiting the ' University Campus. Pazking restrictions in the NPP zone restricts parking of non-pemutted vehicles to 2 hours on weekda s from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM y . l~nd Use ' The University Hill General Improvement District contains approximately 207,000 square feet of comcnercial, office and retail space. Approximately 40 percent of tlvs space is general retail uses; 27 percent is restaurant and bar ~ use; 18 percent service; and the remainder a combinadon of office and medical uses. ' ' Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. ' University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 2 1 ' , 1.2 Previous Studies UHGID has completed two previous studies on pazking. Each contains an inventory of available pazking spaces and calculates parking use by recording average occupancy over the course of a weekday. 1993 UHGID Parking and Financial Study 1 , , ' , , ' , , ~ , ' ' ~ ' The University Hill General Improvement District Parkine and Financial Studv was completed in June 1993. The study examined pazking in the LTHGID on Thursday September 24, 1991. A total of 528 spaces were inventoried from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM. Occupancy of ~tered pazking (61 percent) was compared to off-street permit pazking and private lots with average daily occupancies of 52 pe~ent. The conclusions of the 1993 study were that parking is generaliy available throughout the day. Pereeption of lack of pazking was attributed to circulation pattems and limited inforn~adon about location of pazking. 1998 UHGID Porking I/tilization Update The LJI-IGID Parking Utilizadon Studv - Update inventoried a tatal of 528 spaces and recorded cecupancy from 8:00 AM to 8:00 PM on a tyQical weekday in September 1998. The Update found no increase in average daily parking occupancy for on-street metered spots between 1993 and 1998. However, peak occupancy did rise from 73 percent to 83 percent overall. The study noted an increase in both daily average occupancy and peak occupancy of pazldng lots. Average daily parking was 60 percent for both on-strcet meters and non-metered lots. Maximum occupancy was 83 percent for on- stceet meters and 72 percent for the par}ang lots. Occupancy for two on-street non-metered block faces was recorded as well. Both were found to be 100 percent occupied at all dmes. The current study differs from the previous two in several ways. Both the hours of inventory and days were extended for the current study to include parking utilization on weekday nights and for 16 hours on Saturday. In addition, many private Iots that were excluded from previous studies were included in the inventory. Iastly, a"spot-check" of parking utilization outside of the ~tered pazking district was conducted to utcasure parking use of the non-metered spaces (both NPP and non-NPP) direcdy surrounding the district. 1.3 City of Boulder Transportation Master Plan The City of Boulder's approach to providing automobile pazking is part of a broader transportation access system integrating mulriple modes including automobiles, transit, pedestrians and bicycles. Pazking districts were created in the 1970's in the two historic commercial areas - downtown and the hill - to address district wide pazking management. These districts are the University Hill General Improvement District (UHGID), and Central Area General Improvement District (CAGID). Both districts have purchased land and constructed pazking facilides to serve the needs of each wmmeccial district. Pazking manage~nt in CAGID and UHGID is an essentiai component balancing the following factors: responding to supply and demand, providing for the diverse needs of many users, maintaining ' University Hill Parking & Access Study - Page 3 ' ' ' ' , , ' ' ' ' competitiveness with other commercial areas, and encouraging and supporting the City's goals of altemadve modes of transpoRation. The most recent update to the City of Boulder Transportadon Master Plan was completed in September 2W3. The TMP Update retains the goals and objecflves of the previous plans. These include: ^ Continued progress toward no growth in long-term vehicle traffic; ^ Reduce single-0ccupant-vehicle travel to 25 percent of trips; ^ Con6nued reduction in mobile source emissions of air pollutants; ^ No more than 20 percent of roadways congested (at Levei of Service [LOS] F~; ^ Expand fiscally viable trausportadon alternatives for all Boulder residents and employees, including the elderly and those with disabilities; acd increase transportation alternatives commensurate with the rate of employee growth. Pazking in the commereial districts, including UHGID, plays an important role in meeting the City's transportation goals. The establishment of commerciai districts to manage pazking needs and to develop the Transportation Demand Management programs was a necessary step to controlling congestion and reducing the long-term growth in use of single occupant vehicles. This study will help detemtine how well iIHGID is meeGng these goals of maacimizing access while mainfaining the high use of altemate transpoRadon modes. ' 2.0 PARKING INVENTORY The inventory of commercial pazking spaces within study area counted a ' total of 538 commercial parldng spaces along 24 block faces and 10 parking lots. Spaces included 347 metered pazking spaces, 46 LTHGID commuter pernut pazking spaces, and 120 private com~rcial lot parking spaces for ' customers and/or employees. T'he inventory also identified 25 pazking spaces that were either taxi stands, loading zones, or motorcycle spaces scattered tluoughout the study area. ' Commercial Parking Areas ' ' 1 ' ' Figure 2 shows the locadon of each metered block face and commercial pazking lot within the study area along with the number of pazking spaces fa each. Block faces and lots are combined into four separate parking areas in order to best identify areas of high parking utilization. These four areas area include: ^ East University: On-strcet metered spaces alon~ University Ave east of Broadway and south of University on 13'" and 15 Street. ^ North UHGID: On-street ~tered and commercial lot parking between University Avenue and Pennsylvania Avenue. Includes private lots A, B and D, and the IJI-IGID lot C on Pleasant Strcet. & Access Study - DRAFT Page 4 1 , ^ Central UHGID: Commercial pazlung spaces between Pleasant Street and College Avenue. Includes the UHGID lot I and al the private lots on either side of 13`" Street. ^ South UHGID: All the non-residential pazking spaces south of College , Avenue, including the UHGID F lot and on-street meters along College and 13~' Street. ' Commercia[ Parking Management of commercial pazking within the study area is the ' responsibility of the University of Colorado, iJHGID, and private lot owners. Table 1 identifies the total number of on-street parking spaces and lot pazking spaces for each managing entity. T'he University Hill General , Improvement District manages a total of 325 spaces - 139 spaces at on-street pazking meters and 156 spaces in pazking lots. The University of Colorado manages 92 on-street metered spaces. Individual businesses in the District provide an additional 121 spaces for employees and/or customers in , privately-owned lots or in the alleyways behind their businesses. Permit spaces managed by the University were not included in the inventories. Nor were privately owned residential lots, since neither are available to the ' general public. Detailed information on the pazking spaces and a comparison with the 1991 inventory is contained in Attachment 2(attached). ' Table 7 Commercial Parking Spaces On-Street On-Street ' Metered Loading Parking Lot UHGID 151 18 156 Universiry of Colorado 92 - WA• ' Private Commercial 121 Total Commercial Spaces 243 18 277 ' • University W Colorado manaped parkinp lots are not included Parking Lots ' The study area includes 10 pazking lots, labeled A through J in Figure 2. These lots include three "publid' lots (Lot C, I,ot I, and Lot ~ managed by LTHGID, and seven privately owned lots that are used by employees and ~ customers of the adjacent businesses. Alley pazking, available to employees in many of the businesses, has been grouped into ttu~ee lots (Lot D, Lot E, and Lot J). Table 2 lists all ten pazking lots within the study azea and ' iden6fies the'v description, number of spaces and type. ' ' 1 Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. , University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFf Page 5 , Table 2 , Parking Lots Public / , Lot ID Private Description Spacas Type Lot A Private University Avenue Lot 7 For employees end / or customers Lot B Private Universiry Avenue Lot 25 For employees and / or customers Lot C Public UHGID Pleasant Street 65 Meters end UHGID permit spaces. ' Lot D Private Elwood Property 11 Alley behind businesses. Lot E Private 13"' Alley West 27 Alley behind 13"' SVeet. Lot F Public UHGID 14"' Street 53 UHGID meters. 1 Lot G Private Bookstore Parking 14 Customer perking. Lot H Private Art Hardware 14 Customer parking. Lot I Public UHGID / CU Penn Ave 38 UHGID meters. , Lot J Public 131h Street Nley - East 23 Alley behind businesses. ' On-Street Non-Metered A separate inventory of 620 on-street non-metered spaces and 160 on-street Neighborhood-Permit-Parking (NPP) spaces was completed in ocder to ' identify use of on-street parking adjacent to the commercial area. These non- metered on-street spaces are tradiaonally used by adjacent residential units, ' however, the proximity of these "free" spaces close to the commercial district creates the passibility of their use being impacted by commercial activity. ' Table 3 On-SVcet Non-Metered Parking Spaces ' Type EsUmated Spaces' Neighborhood Pertnit Parking 160 Non-Neighborhood Pertnit Parking 620 ' Total Non-Commerclal 780" ' Based on visual estimate of speces (on-street ran-metered speces are wvnarke~ "TOtal is for on-sUeet {7erklnp within the ahdy are9 oNy. ' 2.1 Methodology , To update the past inventories, four sepazate inventories of parking availability were conducted over the course of one week in mid-September 2004. Inventory dates were chosen that would represent a"typical" weekday , and a"typical" Saturday for the University District. Typical Saturday included an away football game with cleaz weather and a moderately popular concert at one of the azea venues. ' ' ~ ' Table 4 lists the four inventories conducted for the UHGID pazking study. Inventory #1 and # 2 included hourly counts of parking udlizadon for 271 on-street spaces and 11 pazking lots (285 spaces) within the immediate vicinity of the study area. Each inventory recorded the location and type of each pazking space and occupancy over a 16 hour ti~ period. Inventories were conducted hourly from 9:00 AM until 7:00 PM and every two hours from 7:00 PM undl 1:00 AM. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT 6 ' ' ~ ' , , , ~ Table 4 Inventories Date Time Spaces Frequency #1 Saturday Inventory 9/11/04 9:00 AM -1:00 AM Metered Spaces Hourly #2 Weekday Inventory 9/15/04 9:00 AM -1:00 AM Metered Spaces Hou~1y N3 Saturday Night 9/15/04 9:00 PM -11:00 PM Non-metered Spot Check Y4 Sunday Night 9/16/04 9:00 PM -11:00 PM Non-metered Spot Checlc Inventory #3 and #4 consisted of a spot check of non-metered on-street spaces that have utilization approaching 100 percent. Inventories of these azeas were conducted from 9:00 PM - 10:00 PM on Saturday night, then again for the same hours Sunday night. 2.2 Utilization of Commercial Parking Tables 5 and 6(next page) show the recorded hourly parking udlizaGOn for each block face and pazking lot in the study area. Table 5 also includes a summary of average daily occupancy and maximum ocwpancy for compazison with the 1993 and 1998 findings. Figures 3-6 (attached) show peak-hour pazking utilizadon for a weekday day, 1 weekday evening, Saturday day, and Saturday evening. Peak-hour parking for the weekday day is Noon to 1:00 PM when 67 percent of spaces are occupied. Peak hour for weekday evening is from 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM, ' 11:00 AM to Noon on Satwday day and 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM on Saturday evening. , Hourly utilization is based on the percentage of occupied parking spaces for each block face at each hour of the day. Because parking availability requires a certain amount of parking to be available at any one time, block faces, lots, ' and areas that were more than 85 percent full are considered "fully udlized." Areas between 75 percent and 85 percent full are identified as "pazdally utilized." Areas less than 75 percent full aze considered "under-utilized." ' Figure 7(attached) shows the boundary and parking utiliza6on for each pazking area and a graph showing udlization over the course of a typical weekday and Saturday. Daytime utilization for all four parking areas remains ' below 75 percent. However, parking spaces along several of the block faces fill up during the lunch hours. In the evening, parking fills up quickly and pazking along East University Avenue and within the South iJI-IGID area ~ approach full capacity. ~ , ' Short Elliott Hendridcson Inc. ~ University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 7 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Table 5 Weekday Parking Utilization and Parking Trends Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 8 KEY ~ ='UNDER UTILIZED" ~ ='PARTIALLY UTILIZED" ~ _ "FULLY UTILIZED' ' i ' ' ~ , ~ ' ' ~ ' ~ ' ~ ' i ~ ' Table 6 Saturday Parking Utilization Table 7 identifies the peak parking hour and occupancy of each area for both the average weekday and Saturday. Peak daily occupancy ranges from 68 percent during the week for North UHGID, to 97 percent for the South LJHGID area. Parking utilization on Saturdays is low for much of the area during the day. Most of the parking use is in the Central Parking area and utilization declines further away from 13`~ Street. Utilization increases significantly in the evening, especially from 10:00 PM to 11:00 PM when parking along many of the block faces and lots is fully utilized. , Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 9 KEY: ~ _ "UNDER UTILIZED" ~ _ "PARTIALLY UTILIZED" ~ _ "FULLY UTILIZEC 1 1 Table 7 Commercial Parking Utilization by Area Weekday 1 ' ' , ' ' ' Saturday Parking Area Peak Hour Occupaney Pesk Hour Occupancy East Universfty 6 PM - 7 PM 95 % 7 PM - 8 PM 87 % North UHGID 7 PM - 8 PM 68 % 10 PM -11 PM 87 % Central UHGID 7 PM - 8 PM 74 % 10 PM -11 PM 82 % South UHGID 7 PM - 8 PM 97 % 10 PM -11 PM 93 % 2.3 Utilization by Type of Space Table 8 shows average utilization for daytime during m~tered hours (9:00 AM- 6:00 PM) and evening hours (6:00 PM - 1:00 AM) for each type of parking space in the study area. Changes in utilization from day to evening or discrepancies between different types of spaces can indicate opportunities to increase the eff'iciency of pazking spaces. Many of the lot spaces, both metered and customer lots, appear underutilized throughout the day and evening. Lot A, Lot C, and much of the alley pazking for customer and employees is in this category. ' On-Street Metered Parking Average utilization for all the on-street a~tered pazking is 58 percent during the day when the meters are operating and 81 percent in the evening when ' metered spaces become unrestricted. Evening udlizadon is even higher for the UHGID spaces, with the average meter occupied for 5 out of the 6 evening hours ' Table 8 Parking Utilization, On-Street Metered and Lot Parking ' Daytime Evening (9 AM - 6 PM) (6 PM -1 AM) Hours of Percent Houn of Percent ' Parking Space Type Use Occupled Use Occupied On-Street Metered 5 hr 15 min 58 % 4 hr 51 min 81 % , UHGID meters 5 hr 0.5 min 56 % 5 hr 06 min 86 % Parking Lots Metered (UHGID) 4 hr 40 min 52 % 5 hr 20 min 89 % ' Permit (UHGID) 4 hr 51 min 54 % 3 hr. 07 min 52 % Private Lots 5 hr 26 min 60 % 3 hr 07 min 52 % , ALL 5 hr 06 min 57 % 4 hr 2S min 7S % ' ' Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. Universfty Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 10 1 , Daytime udlizadon of inetered spaces dces appear to depend on the type of metec The 10-hour spaces and customer pazking have the highest average utilization during the day. The taxi zone and 2-hour spaces have the highest ' at night, as the taxi zones become acdve and as customers take advantage of the lack of dme-limit or chazge on the close-in spaces. Average udlization of different meter types are shown in Table 9. ' Table 9 Utilization of Parking Meters Day[(me Evening , (9 AM - 6 PM) (6 PM -1 AM) Hours of Percent Hours of Percent ' Meter Type Use Occupied Use Occupied 2 Hour 5 hr 05 min 57 % 5 hr 18 min 89 % 4 Hour 4 hr 20 min 48 96 4 hr 55 min 82 % ' 10 Hour 6 hr 30 min 73 % 4 hr 37 min 77 % Loading Zones 2 hr 55 min 32 % 4 hr 20 min 72 % Taxi Zone 4 hr 30 min 50 % 5 hr 00 min 83 % ' Motorcycle Zone 4 hr 25 min 49 % 2 hr 12 min 37 % 2 Hour Handicap 2 hr 15 min 25 % 1 hr 53 mIn 31 % ' Parking Lots (Non-Residential) ' Daytime utilizadon of commercial pazking lots is 52 pereent for metered spaces, 54 percent for permit spaces, and 60 percen[ for private lots. In the evening, utilization increases substantially for metered spots, while decreasing for both private lots and pernrit spaces even though neither permit ' nor meter restrictions are enforced after 6:00 PM. ' 2.4 Availability of Non-Metered On-Street Parking Spaces As the utilization of commercial pazking increases above "tull u6lization," there is a possibiliry of spillover parking impacting the availability of non- ' metered on-street parking surrounding the comaiercial district. T'he spill-over problem is partially addressed for weekday pazking with the implementation of the Neighborhood Pernut Parking program. However, the NPP is not in ' eFfect after 5:00 PM or during the weekends - the time of peak u6lization within the study area. ' In order to identify any problems with spill-over pazking, the availability of non-metered on-street spaces and NPP spaces was checked during peak pazking periods from 9:00 PM - 11:00 PM on a typical Saturday night and during the same time period on the following Sunday. , Table 10 shows the number of spaces available along residen6al streets within the study azea. Pazking availability on streets without Neighborhood ' Parking Pernrit (NPP) restrictions was lower on Sunday night than Saturday, suggesting that more spaces are taken up by residential uses then by Saturday night activities in the LTHGID. Observed pazking availability on streets with ' an NPP program was high on both Saturday and Sunday, even with NPP restrictions not enforced during the evening hours. ' Short Elliott Hendrickaon Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 11 , , ' ' ' ' ' Table 10 On-Street Parking Availability Outstde the Commerctal Distr(ct Saturday Night Sunday Night (8PM -11 PM) (9PM -11 PM) Percent Percent # Available Utillzed 1~ Avallable Utllfzed Non-Metered Streets outside the NPP Zone University Avenue -10"' Street to Broadway 2 97 % 1 98 % Pleasant Street -10'" Street to 12"' Street 2 97 % 1 99 % Pennsylvania Ave - Lincoln Place to 12"' Street 18 58 % 9 79 % College Avenue - Lincoln Place to 12"' Slreet 9 82 % 6 88 % Euclid Avenue -10th to 15th Street (non-NPP) 6 91 % 7 90 % 15'" Street - Euclid to Broadway 2 94 % 1 97 % 14"' Street - Euclid to Broadway 4 89 % 3 92 % 12"' Street - Pleasant to Euclid 4 96 % 1 99 % 11'" Street - College to University 4 95 % 0 100 % 10'" Street - College to Universiry 10 88 % 17 79 % ' Total Non-NPP Spaces 61 80 % 46 93 X Non-Metered Streets in the NPP Zone Euclid Avenue -10th to 12th Street (NPP) 24 26 % 22 37 % , 13'" Street - Euclid to Aurora 12 71 % 16 62 % 12'" Street - Eudid to Aurore 32 36 % 30 40 % 11'" Street - College to Aurora 48 51 % 25 46 % t 10'" Street - College to Euclid 30 53 °6 30 53 % TotaINPP Spaces 136 50 % 107 49 % ' ' 3.0 UHGID USER SURVEY , The UHGID Pazking & Access Study used an series of intercept survey to identify the origin an mode use of individuals visiting the UHGID. These surveys collected information from a random sample of persons walking , through the LTHGID on a typical Saturday and a typical weekday. 3.1 Survey Participants ' A total of 645 people responded to the four question survey - 255 on a Saturday and 390 over the course of two Wednesdays. The Wednesday surveys were split in order to avoid unusually poor weather and lack of , acdvity on the original survey date. Trip Purpose ' Table 11 shows the division of trip purposes for each of the three survey periods. Fifty~ight percent of the respondents indicated they were in the UHGID to shop or eat. Fourteen percent indicated they were in the area for ' , Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 72 , ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' , ' work. Another 14 percent indicated they were there for school and another 14 percent for "other" purposes (primarily walking through the area). UHGID Employment The survey included interviews with 89 employees of UHGID businesses - approximately 11 percent of rotal LTHGID employees, based on previous employment surveys. Total UHGID employment is approximately 766 with 306 working full-time and 460 working part time. Forty-five percent of iJI-IGID employees come to work after 3:00 PM. When adjusted for par[ dme workers, an estimated 198 employees work in the IJHGID each evening.~ Table 11 Intercept Survey Participants Trip Purpose Total Eat / Survey Participants Shop Work School Other Saturday (2 PM - MID) 255 184 19 2 50 C~~) (~`~) (~°~+) (2%) Wednesday Day (10 AM - 6 PM) 302 134 56 83 29 (44%) (19%) (27%) (1%) Wednesday Evening (6 PM- MID) 88 54 14 7 13 (61%) (16%) (8%) (15%) Total 645 372 88 92 82 (58%) (14°6) (14%) (14%) 3.2 Survey Results Results of the survey were tabulated for each trip purpose in order to best identify the travel chazacterisdcs of each populadon. Table 12 shows the survey results for each population. Survey quesdons, responses, and analysis is described below. Mode SpGt Participants were asked by what mode of travel they arrived at the Hill. Forty percent said they walked, 28 percent came in a car with more than one person (MOV), 19 percent came in a single cecupant vehicle (SOV), 7 percent took the bus and 6 percent walked. Mode split for those coming to LJI-IGID to shop or eat had a higher percent of people traveling in multi occupant vehicles (349b) and a lower pereent taking the bus (4%). Those coming to iJHGID for work had the highest SOV use (3496) as well as the highest bicycle use (11°k) and bus use (1396). ~ UHGID database, 2004. Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study- DRAFT Page 73 Table 12 User Survey Results By Purpose of Visit Eat / Shop Work School OtheP AIl Trevel Mode (n=645) Single Occupant Veh. 17 % 34 % 12 % 1 B% 19 % Multi- Occupant Veh. 34 % 26 % 11 % 20 % 28 % Bus 4°k 13% 13% 5% 7% Bicycle 5% 11 % 8% 5% 6% Walk 40 % 16 % 57 % 52 % 40 % Automobile Occupancy (n=296) Average Occupancy 1.98 1.63 1.81 -- 1.87 Parking (n=280) Metered On-Street 49 % 47 % 33 % 55 % 48 % Metered Lot 28 % 6% 19 % - 27 % Un-metered On-Street 13 % 21 % 43 % 18 % 17 % Un-metered Lot 10 % 26 % 5% 27 % 14 % Origin (n=634) University Campus 17 % 10 % 35 % 30 % 21 % Uni-Hill Neighborhood 28 % 16 % 28 % 30 % 27 % Boulder (City) 32 % 51 % 26 % 19 % 92 % Outside Boulder 22 % 24 % 11 % 21 % 21 % ' Indudes tlwse pessing throuyh' Mode SpGt vs. Boulder Average A comparison of mode split for UHGID survey respondents to City of Boulder averages shows a lower than average SOV mode split for both all trips and work trips. The unusually high mode split for walking (40%) reflects the proximity of the district to both the adjacent neighborhood and university. Table 13 UHGID Mode Split Compared to Boulder Valley Averages UHGID Bouldar UHGID Boulder Travel Mode All Valley' Work Work• Single Occupant Veh. 19 % 39 % 34 % 50 % Multi- Occupant Veh. 28 % 24 % 26 % 9% Bus 7% 5% 13% 10% Bicycle 6% 14 % 11 % 21 % Walk 40% 19% 16% 10% 'Ciry of BouMer, Modal ShHt in the Boulde r Vallev, 5/04 Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 14 , ' ' 1 ' , 1 ' ' ' ' 1 ' Auto Occupancy Survey respondents that arrived by car were asked to indicate vehicle occupancy. Average occupancy for all respondents was 1.87 persons per vehicle. Average auro occupancy is also highest for those coming to eat or shop with 1.98 persons per vehicle. Parking Survey respondents arriving by caz were asked to indicate where the parked, either in a lot or on-street, and either at a metered or un-metered spot. Forty- eight percent (48%) of those traveling by car pazk at an on-street meter with other more or less evenly distributed to metered lots, un-metered lots and un- metered on-street parking. Table 14 shows the parking behavior of UHGID visitors during the daytime and evening hours. Survey respondents in the evening hours were more likely to pazk in a lot and more likely to park at a metered space than were respondents during the day. This may be due to the fact that most on-street spots are occupied after 6:00 PM. Tabie 14 Where did You Park? Day vs. Evening On- Parking Non- Travel Mode Street Lot Meter meter Daytime (9 AM - 6 PM) 69 % 31 % 67 % 31 % Evening (6 PM -1 AM). 62 % 38 % 71 % 29 % Origin Survey respondents were asked to indicate where their trip originated. The responses were self-defined and included the surrounding neighborhood, the university campus, elsewhere in the city of Boulder, or outside the city. Fifty- three percent of survey respondents indicated that they had come to the district from outside the direct vicinity of the UHGID. Only 26 percent of those going to work were from either the neighborhood or the college campus. ' 4.0 CONCLUSIONS / RECOMMENDATIONS , An examination of the pazking inventories and user surveys from this study results in several conclusions that are detailed below. ' ^ Adequate weekday parking when averaged over t6e day. On average, 57 percent of the commercial parking spaces wiNrin the study area are ocwpied over the course of the day. Comparisons with past studies ' indicate slight increases in avemge daily occupancy for many of the block faces and lots in the study azea, however, overall pazking availability remains similar to that recorded in previous yeazs. ' ^ Less parking available during peak-hour. The extension of the study hours to weekday evenings and Saturdays reveals high utilization during ' Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 15 , 1 , , ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' , 1 peak periods that were not recorded in previous sWdies. While overall pazking availability appeazs adequate, parking availability is low during these peak periods of demand when 25 out of the 34 total block faces and lots have utilizations of over 85 percent. Parking Iots are underutilized during the day, utilization increases in evening after on-street meters are full. Daytime utilization is higher for on-street metered pazking than for either the private lots or UHGID lots. At 6:00 PM, on-street metered pazking fills up and use of the iJI-IGID lou and some private lots increases. After 6:00 PM commercial parking within the study area becomes scarce. Continued underutilization of inetcred lots, UFIGID permit spaces, and private parkiug lots. As mentioned in the 1993 and 1998 reports, metered lots remain undemtilized except for Lot I(C[J/Pennsylvania Lot). Utilization of the UHGID permit pazking spaces is lower than for the metered lot spaces. Pazking spaces in private lots are also not being used efficiently. Except for Lot G(Bookstore Lot), much of the pazking along alleys for employees and customers remains vacant during the day. Underutilization of these lots continues in the evening when metered spaces, permit spaces, and many customer parking spaces are open to the public. Indications of possible "parking crunch" after meter enforcement ends. Pazking utilization increases substantially after 6:00 PM on weekdays. From 7:00 PM to 8:00 PM, a majority of the parking around 13"' street is "fully-udlized." Parking in private lots appear to remain underutilized during this time. UHGID employment characteristics and survey responses suggest that much of the crunch may be caused by employees' use of on-street metered spaces, especially after 6:00 PM when meters are no longer enforced. Persuading employees to use available spaces in private lots or to carpool, bus, or walk to work could free up to as many as 60 on-street spaces in the evening hours. Peak-hour demand focused in the Central UHGID during the day and South UHGID in the evening. Peak hour use of pazldng is higher in the Central LTHGID and South iJHGID than in the other pazking areas. This suggests that demand for pazking is higher in the central and south part of the study azea. No "Saturday Nig6Y' impact to residential parking detected. A comparison between pazking available in the residential areas on Saturday night and available pazking on Sunday night indicates that on a"typical" Saturday night, pazking is no more or less available than on Sunday when use is likely to be limited to area residents. This conclusion is supported by the survey responses which indicate decreased tendency to park at non- metered on-street spots in the evening. ^ Low use of Single Occupant Vehtcles (SOV). Surveys indicate high ' percentage of pedestrian modes and high rates of auto occupancy for users of the UHGID compared to Boulder averages. Also, high auto occupancy for shoppers / visitors to the Hill. ' , Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page i 6 1 ' ' , , 1 ' t 1 ' ' 4.1 Summary of Conclusions The results of this study indicate that pazking is adequate for the eusting land uses within the study area during the normal workday. However, a significant increase in pazking demand due to redevelopment or change in land use is likely to requ'ue the addition of new parking spaces or the increasingly aggressive use of alternative modes by both employees and visitors. Pazking utilization was measured when several properties in the UHGID district are either vacant or not fully developed. The increased use of these buildings is likely to increase demand for parking especially if the new uses do not directly serve either the neighborhood or the college populations. The addition of new land uses, filled vacancies, or expanded custoc~r base for the UHGID is likely to require revised access and parking strategies. One short-term strategy for increasing the efficiency of pazking in the district would be to extend meter enforcement into the evening hours. Extending meter hours would increase parking turn-over and would discourxge use of the close-in metered pazking by employees. However, any change to meter policy could impact the NPP areas and adjacent on-street pazking areas so a re-evaluation of NPP operations and ordinance would also be necessary. 4.2 Recommendations ^ Explore the possibility of extending meter times for the UHGID district. A study of benefits and costs would include an evaluation of the impacu on pazking turnover, commercial competitiveness of the district, employee pazking, and the Neighborhood Parking Pernut Program. ^ Further evaluate the impact of employee pazking on daytime and nighttime pazking supply. This evaluation may include a focused survey of LTHGID employees to idendfy where employees are pazking, especially after 6:00 PM. ' ^ Recvaluate the use of UHGID parking permits and see if changes in policies could increase utilization of permit spaces. Improve signage to indicate availability of UHGID pazking lot pemut spaces after 6:00 PM. ' ^ Work with lot owners to identify ways of increasing efficiency of customer parking lots when businesses are not operadng. ^ Explore viability of consuucting addidonal pazking and increased ' alternate modes accessibility fot any changes land use that could increase parking demand. 1 1 , ' Short Elliotl Hendrickson Inc. ' University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT Page 17 ' ' ' 1 ' ' ' , ' ' ' ' ' , ' ' ' 1 ' Figures Figure 1- Study Area Figure 2- UHGID Parking Inventory Figure 3- Peak Hour Parking Utii'ization - Weekday Day Figure 4- Peak Hour Parking Utilization - Weekday Evening Figure 5- Peak Hour Parking UtilizaGon - Saturday Day Figure 6- Peak Hour Parking Utilization - Saturday Evening Figure 7- Parking Utilization by Time of Day Short Elliod Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study- DRAFT 1 ~ ~ ~ ' ' 1 i 1 , ~ ~ ' ' 1 i ~ ' ' ~~~.~ " ~ ~ _~ la ~, ~ ~` 9 ~ ~ 11 ` ~_. ~ ~ ~. ..... ....... ................ ~~:. ~ .- , . . _~_. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A~ ~~_: = = _~, ~ B `~ [ 13 " . ~ $ \ ' Legend ~ , - _ . - C ~ Block ID _.__.._._.. _ - _ . ~ ', ~~ ~~ ~~^~N~ ~vf~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~~ A Lot ID _- - _ ~ - . ~ ~ City Parking Lot . . 7 ~ _ _ _ ; • ~ I Private Parking Lot _ _ _ _ ' ~ ( ~ On-Street Metered ~ ~ ~', , ~ ~ ~ ~ ,~~~~~~- ~ b~NFJ$`ILVAN~AAG~ ' '~'~'~'~'~','~',',',' ~~ Parking . . . ° NPP Parki~g - : • : : r ~ ~ , ~ ~ On-Street Nonmetered ~ : ~ . . ~' _ : s Parking _ : ! -N- 4 ~ ~~ _N_ _~_ -~- ~N' -j _~ , d \ C•~ i-. .~ :~: J +\~~i (' I -r_ . ~~ ' ~. . :: :: ~ := E G~" ~ = ' _ : ' ~-' ~ ~~ ..,,.,,,,,. ,,, ~_ ~_ I ` ~ CbL~~GE~AVE . . . . ~ ._. r ~~~.i~~~~ „ ~~~r r~~~r~~~~_ .~.~~ ~ r~ =- l n~~l 11 ~ :: ? ~ ~ 1 :: F i: ~ ~ 2 _~. . ~, . . _~: : i ~ :: 3 __~ ~ .I ~ ~I i~ !~ ~ : : ; : : ~ ~ !.. t ~ .. . , i , ~ = ,= ~ ......,,,,; .,,,.,..,.;' '~ - ~~~~id~~" ..~~~, .~~~,~~~~~~~ r„~~~..,,~.,.-. .,,,,,.~,~ _~~ ~ + ~ ~i j ' '"`~ j ~~ N ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ; I ~~ '~ I ~ }~~ . ~ ~ ~- 0 400 Feet l I J Figure 1 ~~ Study Area S EH UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 0 400 Feet F i g u re 2 l I J UHGID Parking Inventory ~~ SEH UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING 8~ ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 C r -~ UNIVERSITY AVE i: 7 ~~ ~ ~. . ' 24 , ~ r~ 1 L ~ _' ~ N ~ ~ ~ _ ~ / n ~. ~ ~ , , \ ~. (~ ~ ~~ Parking Utilization ~ Block Face Lot ~ Q °~ ~ ~ ~ ~ <75% ~ ~ . 75% - 85% )._-.,.-, ~ ' ~y~//~ ~85% 4 Number of r ~' ' ~_ ~ ~ Spaces Av, ~ _~ _ ~ ~ (` 6 w , ~ ~r~ ~\C I~ -lf~`~ ~l/r- ~ -0-~ ~1- ~~ ~ ~~.f(~~ ~' ~ D '~ I ~ ~ ~-' N .~~a ~ I ~ 1 ~ , 'r I ~ ' ~ N ~ r- ~ \ ~. : i " G - ~ ~ - 1 ~ . N - -- - ~ _ ~- w n 0 400 Feet , ~ Figure 3 Peak Hour Parking Utilization ~_ Weekday Day (Noon -1 PM) ~ E~ UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 UNIVERSITY AVE ~ ~ __ _ ~ ~ ~ ~J~-.= ~ 1 L ~ ~ ~ ~ t] i - --~ ~i 0 i ~o- ;~ ~ ~~~ , ;; ~ = o= ~- ~ ~~ n ~ O ;2~ ~ o td ~ ~ `~ _~~ o A ~~ ~ ~~ ~ Parking Utilization Block Face Lot ~ , ~ ~ <75% n. 75% - 85% ~ >as~io Number of ~ ~ Spaces Av~ ~~~~~ ~u~~~~ ~~ ~ L ~ ~ ~ ~ _ < G~ I, JU'~ N _, 0 400 Feet F i g u re 4 I I Peak Hour Parking Utilization ~~ Weekday Evening (7PM-8PM) SEH UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 ~ ~ --,r_, IIi~ ~ - !--' ~ ~~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ - _ . _..~ - - ~ ... UNIVERSITY AVE ~ ~ 1,Z9 '' 10' ' ' ~ , , ~ g 5 , , • '/~ ~ 4 ~I ~ i ~ - ,5 ;~ ~ , ~~~ ~.~~ ..42• ;~ 8, ' ~ P~~,snr,rsT " Parkin Utilization ~4 9 ~ 1 ,~, ~ ~ Block Face Lot i~ ~ i_ t~ ` r] N ~ ~~~ ~ ~75% EO1 0 ~ ~ 75% - 85% PENNSVLVANIAAVE ~~ ,~ ~ ~ >8,rj~IO Number of ~ i ~ ~ ' 9~ ~ ~ Spaces Ava I . ~ I ~I~ ~10 ~ ~ v r ~ ~ J 1 r~ 1 ~~ N n 0 400 Feet F i g u re 5 I I J Peak Hour Parking Utilization ~~ Saturday Day (Noon -1 PM) S EH UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 ~ ~ ~, r UNIVERSITV AVE ~ l '14•• \ `~ ~0~~ p~~ ~ ~ f "1 ~ . o~ 1 ' o \ '~'0~ _ D r ~ _ ~ ~ -I .~ ~ Parking Utilization Block Face L~t ~ ~ ~ ~ <75% •_ . • , 75% - 85% ~ ~ >85% Number of ~ ~ Spaces Av~ ~~~ v~~ ~ 0 L ~ ~ '= I \ G~ I - I L~ 1 NI 0 400 Feet F i g u re 6 I I J Peak Hour Parking Utilization ~~ Saturday Evening (10PM - 11 PM) SEH UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY 12/03/04 .~ ~~ NORTH UHGID ssss ------------------------ -----a ~ ~ 9 AM NOON 3 PM 6 PM 9 PM MID 1 ti / ~ - ~.l\ T ~ (- I 1 n LINIVERSITY ~ _ ~--~~ l ~ l _ ~l ,oo~ UNIVERSITY AVE es% -----------------~-~----------- ~~~~11^11~111^ o% 9 AM NOON 3 PM 6 PM 9 PM MID - ~ - ~ _ ~~ .- _ ~ ~ ~~ ~ Ll ri~~~ ~oox CENTRAL UHGID ~~ ------------------------------ i /~ ~% J' ~ ~ o~ 9 AM NOON 3 PM 6 PM 9 PM MID ioow SOUTH UHGID esx ----------------- - ---- --- - so56 o9c 9 AM NOON 3 PM 6 PM 9 PM MID ~. _ ~~ ~ 1~~ / ~ t Legend ~ - % Spaces Occupied - Sacurc _ - % Spaces Occupied - Week 0 400 Feet ~ - ~ ~ SE~ UNIVERSITY HILL PARKING & ACCESS STUDY Figure 7 Parking Utilization by Time of Day 12/03/04 , 1 ' ' ~ ' ' ' , , ~ , , ' 1 ' ~ ' Attachments A2 - Detailed Parkiug Spece Inventory Al - Survey S6eet ' Short ENiotl He~drickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT APPENDIX A- INTERCEPT SURVEY FORM No. UHGID Parking Survey Time. Hi My Name is , I'm conducting a survey for the City of Boulder. We're trying to find out how people get to the University District. Do you have a minute to answer four questions? 7. What is the purpose of your visit today? ^ Shopping ~ Working ^ Going to School ~ Just passing through CI Other Which specfic business are you going to now? 2. How did you get herel ^ walked ^ rode a Bicycle ^ drove a Car ^ rode in a Car ^ took the Bus 2b.lf car, how many people did you ride with? ^ 7 in car ^ 2 in car ^ 3 in car ^ 4 or more in car 3. Where did you park? ' ^ On-Street ^ Lot ~ ^ Meter ^ Non-Meter 4. Where did you come from? ' ^ University Hill Residential ^ University Campus ' ^ City of Boulder ^ Outside City of Boulder ' 1 , ' , ' ' ' , , 1 ~ ' ' , ' , ' ' ATTACHMENT 2: Detailed Inventory of Parking Spaces, Sept 2004 TOTAL METERED SPEqAL NON-METERED TOTAL SPACES SPACES 70 HF 4 HR 2 Hfl 1 HR Loed Tazi Motor Hend UHGID Privele PermN Perkinp 20p{ 1998 1985 T UNIVE AVE 9E 5 5 5 WA 8 10W 8 8 8 WA 4 10S 10 10 10 7 N 11 W 4 4 - 4 WA WA 11S 9 9 8 9 8 72 N 24 24 24 53 62 79 N 34 30 4 34 92 54 23 11 4 92 89 92 N ATN H ID LOT A 7 1 8 7 3 8 LOT B 25 25 25 23 18 0.S 13 13 13 8 13 LOT C 85 14 4 1 48 &5 43 63 7N 4 4 4 2 2 111 1B 17 ' ' ' 2 IB 91 711 78 705 ENTRAL U ID 70 10 10 5 10 4N 9 8 7 9 5 9 LOT D 11 11 11 10 14 7E 2 2 2 WA WA BW 3 3 3 1 3 LOT I 38 37 1 38 3~ 40 lOT H 14 14 14 10 12 LOTCi 14 14 14 13 iB LOT J 23 23 23 WA WA SS 7 6 1 7 7 8 b W 12 11 1 12 11 9 4E 14 - • 8 • 5 2 1 - - - 14 11 15 4S 70 - 10 10 5 10 LOT E 27 27 27 5 23 191 - 97 54 ' 9 2 9 ' ' B9 1B4 120 171 UHGI Y!S 4 - 4 - - - - - - 4 WA WA 9N 74 - - 13 - - - - 1 • - 14 9 14 9E 15 - 13 2 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 15 11 11 2W 24 - 19 4 - t - - - - • 24 tE 24 2N 7 6 1 7 8 9 2E 7 - - 7 7 25 7 lOT F 53 14 13 25 1 53 53 53 1W 14 5 7 2 14 7 7 198 14 19 62 - 9 - 2 2 - 138 131 125 ALL 598 88 127 1N 18 2 5 IB 7 538 999 493 ' Short Elliott Hendrickson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT ' ' i , , ' 1 ' , , ' 1 ' ' , ' ' ~ , University Hill Parking Supply, 1991 - 2004 Metered 2004 1991 30 Minute 0 3 1 Hour 0 139 2 Hour 144 104 4 Hour 127 58 10 Hour 68 41 2 Hr Handicap 8 1 Total Metered 347 346 Non-Metered Ta~d & Loading 20 Na Motorcycle 5 Na UHGID Lot Pertnit Parking 46 54 Private Non-Residential Parking 120 128 Total Non-metered 191 782 Totallnventory 538' 528 Short Elliott Hendridcson Inc. University Hill Parking & Access Study - DRAFT